Unit 3 Understanding each other Section Ⅲ Word power, Grammar
and usage & Task
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多 1.emperor n．皇帝 Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.emperor n． 皇帝 2.gesture n. 手势；姿势；示意动作 3.greeting n. 问候；问候语 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 [联想] 盘点-or结尾名词 ①professor 教授 ②inventor 发明者 ③visitor 拜访者 ④conductor 售票员 ⑤editor 编辑 ⑥actor 男演员 2.gesture n．手势；姿势；示意动作 [词块] ①make a gesture 做姿态，做手势 1.expectation n．期望，盼望 ②by gesture 用手势 →expect v．期望，预料，认为 ③in a ... gesture 以……的姿势/手势 2.religion n．宗教→religious 3.greeting n．问候；问候语 adj.宗教的； 虔诚的 [词块] ①exchange greetings 互致问候 3.slight adj.轻微的→slightly ②send greetings 发送问候 adv.轻微地 ③New Year's greetings 新年贺词 ④holiday greetings 节日的问候 二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 1.be connected with 与……有联系，与……有关 2．be clever at doing sth. 很擅长做某事 3．dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 4．in one's youth 在某人年轻的时候 5．let alone 更不用说 6．show sb. around 带某人参观、游览 7．hold out 伸出；维持 8．take up 占据(时间或空间) 多积常用词块 1.a number of years 很多年 2．in the future 将来 3．make sure 确信 4．sound like 听起来像 5．at the end of the term 这个学期末 6．make a mistake 犯错 7．get into trouble 陷入困境 8．last month 上个月 9．go to a good university 上一所好大9．give out 发出；耗尽；精疲力竭 10．be aware of 注意到 11．shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 三、这样记句式
先背熟 1.One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years. 英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国曾统治英国好多年。 2.In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together. 在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。 3.They dislike it when people do not look at the cards, so remember not to 学 10．go abroad 去国外 11．have no idea 不知道 再悟通 后仿用 “One reason why ... is that ...”表示“……的一个原因是……”，其中 why 引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。 One_reason_why he was dismissed was that he was careless irresponsible. 他被解雇的一个原因是他粗心大意且不负责任。 and With_a_lot_of_problems_se句中with复合结构with the ttled,_the manager felt hands pressed together作伴随状语。 very pleased. 很多问题解决后，那位经理感到非常满意。 He disliked_it_when she behaved badly in front of his mother. 他讨厌她在他母亲面前举止失当。 just put them in your 本句中it为形式宾语，真正pocket without looking. 他们讨厌对方不看名片，所以记着不要不看就把它们放进你的口袋里。 的宾语是when引导的从句。
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1．(教材P40)I learnt that expectations at weddings can be quite different. 我了解到婚礼上的期盼可能相当不同。 expectation n．期望，盼望
(1)expectation of/that ... 期望/盼望…… meet/live up to (one's) expectations 不负所望 beyond (one's) expectations in (the) expectation of (2)expect vt. expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望(某人)做某事/预料(某人)做某事 超出某人的预期，出乎意料地 期待，指望 预料，期待 ①The test succeeded beyond our expectations. 超出我们的预期，试验成功了。
②And they make me feel that I've got to live up to their expectations (expect). 他们让我觉得，我必须达到他们对我的期望才行。
③Anne left Germany in_(the)_expectation_of seeing her family again before very long.
安妮离开了德国，期待着很快就能与家人重逢。
④I didn't expect him to_become (become) a successful writer. 我没想到他会成为一名成功的作家。
2．(教材P41)In his youth, however, he never left his home town, let alone travelled to another country, because he had to work to support his family.
然而，在他年轻时从未离开过家乡，更不用说到国外旅游了，因为他得工作来养活家庭。 let alone 更不用说
let sb. alone ＝ leave sb. alone 不打扰，不惊动 let sth. alone ＝ leave sth. alone let sb. down let out 不碰；不变动 使失望；放下 发出；放大；泄露(秘密) ①In those days, we couldn't send our children to middle school, let alone college.
那时候，我们的孩子连中学都上不起，更不用说上大学了。 ②You can believe in him; he'll never let you down. 你可以信赖他；他不会让你失望的。
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③If the bird is let out of its cage, it will certainly fly away. 如果把鸟儿放出笼子，它肯定会飞走的。
[名师点津] let alone“更不用说”，相当于一个插入语，但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的平行一致，一般用于否定句之后。表达“更不用说”的短语还有：
①not to mention ②not to speak of
3．(教材P42)Your headmaster asked some students to show the guests around. 你们的校长让一些学生带客人参观。 show sb. around 带某人参观、游览 (1)show sb. in show sb. out show off show up (2)on show 领某人进入 送某人出去 炫耀，卖弄 显露；露面；出现 在展览中；陈列着 ①I am very glad to show you around our schoolyard. 我很高兴带你在我们校园里转转。
②Pay no attention to Susan — she's just showing_off. 不要理苏珊——她只是在卖弄。
③Not one student showed_up for the scheduled meeting. 没有一个学生出席预定的会议。
4．(教材P42)I have no idea what he will do with them all, and it took up a lot of time.
我不知道他将如何处理这些东西，而且还花费了很多时间。 take up 占据(时间或空间)；拿起；开始从事；继续 写出下列句中take up的含义
①I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university.开始从事 ②Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.占据(时间) ③I'd like to take up the point you raised early.继续 ④They took up their arms to fight against slavery.拿起
⑤The new sofa has taken up much place of the sitting room.占据(空间)
1．One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国曾统治英国好多年。
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(1)句中One reason why ... is that ...属于The reason why ... is that ...句型结构的变式，表示“……的一个原因是……”。在此句型中 why 引导定语从句修饰 the reason；that ...为表语从句，说明 the reason 的内容。that不能用because代替。
①One reason why they didn't finish the project on time is that they didn't have enough time.
他们没有按时完成该项目的一个原因是他们没有足够的时间。
②The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn't work hard. 他考试不及格的原因是他没努力学习。
(2)The reason why ...is that ...的另一个变式： The reason for ...is that ... “……的原因是……” ③The reason for her absence was that she was ill. 她之所以缺席是因为她病了。
(3)That is because ...“那是因为……”，表语从句承前解释上文事实的原因。 ④I said nothing about it. That_was_because his wife was there. 我没提及这事是因为他的妻子在场。
(4)That is why ...“那就是为什么……”，表语从句承前说明一个结果。 ⑤That_is_why he is fond of swimming. 那就是他喜欢游泳的理由。
2．In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.
在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。 (1)句中with复合结构with the hands pressed together作伴随状语，修饰名词 bow。在 with 复合结构中，动词-ed 形式 pressed 作宾语 the hands 的补足语。with复合结构在句中通常作定语或状语，作状语时表示条件、原因、方式和伴随等。
??形容词/副词/介词短语with＋名词/代词＋?
??动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词
①Someone with a smile on his/her face often gives us a good impression. 面带微笑的人通常给我们留下好的印象。
②He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 他习惯开着窗户睡觉。
③She left the room with all the lights on. 她离开房间，所有的灯都亮着。 (2)with复合结构中非谓语动词的用法
现在分词作宾语补足语表示与宾语之间为主动关系；
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