【正确答案】He bought the vest at a men’s clothing store which cost him only five dollars.
【答案解析】关系代词which引导定语从句，用来补充说明前面句子中的先行词the
vest，本题中which引导的定语从句与先行词the vest相隔太远，易造成歧义。我们可利用cost sb. sth.的动词结构修正从句的结构，使表达更准确。
5. If one is to read Beckett's plays intelligently, you should first familiarize yourself wBeckett's novels.
[答疑编号506494010641：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】If you are to read Beckett's plays intelligently, you should first familiarize yourself with Beckett's novels
【答案解析】本题中if句中的主语one与后句中的主语you不一致，因此应该把后面的you以及yourself改为第三人称单数形式。或者采用主语为you的形式。
塞缪尔·贝克特（Samuel Beckett，1906年4月13日－1989年11月10日），20世纪爱尔兰、法国作作的领域包括戏剧、小说和诗歌，尤以戏剧成就最高。他是荒诞派戏剧的重要代表人物。1969年，他因“以的小说与戏剧的形式，以崇高的艺术表现人类的苦恼”而获得诺贝尔文学奖。
Section B
Directions: Supply a topic sentence for the following paragraph.
____________________________.According to a recent survey, over 95% of 13-year-olds in the now own a mobile phone, and teenagers are texting far more than they talk. The average young pemakes or receives 3.5 calls a day, but sends or receives an incredible 9.6 texts a day. Becauselength is limited to a maximum of 160 characters per message, young texters have developed new of writing words and phrases in a shortened form, so as to use the smallest number of characterpossible. For example the message \Hope 2CU@partyL8R, luv Jo. Many people are concerned that Use of \language and damaging children's ability to write \between texting and deterioration in children's writing has yet to be proved. [答疑编号506494010642：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】Texting is becoming more and more popular among young people.
【答案解析】空格后面一句用具体的调查数据说明了英国青少年使用手机发信息的人数很多，因此空格中应该填入总结说明英国青少年使用手机发信息的句子。
Grammar in Focus 时态（Tense）
时态（Tense）常用12种时态的构成及用法 构成：时间（time）和形式（aspect）的结合 it.
英语中，表示动作或状态发生或存在于不同的时间，谓语动词就要采用不同的形式,这种不同的动词形式统语法中称为时态（ tenses ）。英语时态纷繁复杂，用法各不相同。各类大型考试中常见的时态主要有将来时、过去完成时、现在完成时、一般过去时、现在进行时和一般将来时。
一、将来完成时
将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作或存在状态，也可用来表示推测。句中通常有一个明确将来时间的状语，如by或before 引导的表示将来时间的介词词组或从句。
By the time the course ends, we will have learnt a lot about each other.
By the year 2020, scientists probably will have discovered a cure for cancer. I have been studying here for four years. By next summer I shall have graduated.
二、过去完成时
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，常伴有by, before等介词或连词引表示到过去某一时间为止的时间状语。
Mr. Smith had learned some Chinese before he came to China in 1975. Until yesterday, his family hadn't heard from him for three weeks. 注意：
过去完成时总是表示在过去某一时间或动作发生以前，另一动作已经发生或完成。先发生的动作常用过去时表示，后发生的动作则多用一般过去时表示。因此，可以认为过去完成时是相对于过去某一时刻的过去，即
现在present 过去 past 将来 future 过去将来 一般simple 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 进行continuous 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 完成perfect 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 完成进行 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 1）一般现在时： At that time, people didn't know that the earth moves. When they leave school, they will go home.
If it is fine tomorrow, I will go out for a picnic. 2）一般过去时：He bought a car in 1995.
3）一般将来时：They will leave for Hong Kong tomorrow. 4）过去将来时：He asked me where I would spend my holidays. 5）现在进行时：Mother is waiting for me now.
6）过去进行时：What were you doing at 6 p.m. last night?
7）将来进行时：I shall be flying to Shanghai at three tomorrow afternoon. 8）现在完成时：I haven't seen her since 1999.
9）过去完成时：When I came to her home, she had already left.
10）将来完成时：I'm sure he will have left Tokyo by this time tomorrow. 11）现在完成进行时：She has been looking for her boss for almost an hour.
12）过去完成进行时：The telephone had been ringing for three minutes before somebody answer
的过去。 提示：
● No sooner…than, hardly…when, scarcely… when等句型中，先发生的动作用过去完成时表示，后的动作用一般过去时表示。
Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering. We had no sooner got out than it began to rain.
● hope, intend, mean, expect, assume, want, suppose, understand 等动词的过去完成时常常用来“本来希望（指望）”“原打算”“原以为”等。
I had assumed that you would not come here today in this terrible weather.
三、现在完成时
现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是“已经完成”，即谓语动词表示的动作或状态已经完成或结束；另一“尚未完成”，即谓语动词表示的动作或状态已经持续一段时间，但有可能会继续持续下去。这种时态强调动现在依然有着某种影响。
I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.
The prices of many kinds of medicine have been reduced recently. We haven't seen each other since we graduated in 1995. 提示：
● 现在完成时常与表示一段时间的状语如since, for two （three… ）years （months, weeks）, sup till now, in recent （past） years等连用。
● 非延续性动词（动词表示的动作不可持续较长的时间，又称短暂动词），如join, marry, die, finfall, come, knock, awaken等可以用于完成时态，但不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。表达这种意思时常用状态的结构，如I have been without my keys for a week.
● 现在完成时与现在情况相关联，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，而一般过去时仅仅表示过去的事情，在情况没有联系。
四、一般过去时
一般过去时用于表示一个发生或存在于过去某个时间的动作、状态或习惯。一般过去时表示的过程无论时短，无论是状态还是动作，都已成为过去，现已未复存在。一般情况下，该时态总是伴有一个明确表示过去时状语，如then, at that time, just now, five years ago 等，或由when, while 等引导的表示过去时间的从句。
My boss had a talk with me this morning.
I cleaned the room only an hour ago and now it's dirty again.
At the last meeting, Mr. Brown was elected chairman of the committee. 提示：
“used to＋动词原形”用于表示过去的习惯性动作或状态，含有“过去曾经……，但现在不……”的意仅用于过去时。注意：be used to 意思是“习惯于”，其中to是介词，后面只能接名词或动名词。 We used to go swimming when we were at college.
My brother used to be a chain smoker a few years ago.
五、现在进行时
主要表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况。现在进行时的这一用法可以不用时间状语，也可以now, at the moment 等时间状语连用。
Steve is studying Chinese at Peking University.
He is writing a book about theories on human behaviour. 提示：
● 现在进行时还可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，多用于表示位置转移的动词，如go, come,leave, arrive, start等。如：
She is coming next week and is staying here until August.
● 现在进行时还可用于表示一个频繁发生的动作，这时通常与always, forever, continually, const等副词连用，表达一种强烈的感情色彩。如：
Alice is always complaining about the terrible cold weather here.
六、一般将来时
表示在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。这种时态通常后接一个表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow, next week （month, year）, soon 等。
I will consider your proposal carefully and inform you of my decision as soon as possible. Next week, my daughter will be ten years old.
一般将来时还有其他几种常见表达，如be going to, be about to do, be to do 等。 Next year, we are going to spend our summer vacation in the Mediterranean. George is putting on weight. He is going to be quite fat.
If the Prime Minister is to speak on television, I suppose that means there's another crisi
七、时态的呼应
时态的呼应在语法上也称为时态的一致，指在主从复合句中，主句和从句之间的时态必须保持一致。主句动词的时态常常直接影响和决定着从句谓语动词的时态。时态呼应的一般原则是，当主句谓语动词使用现在时来时的时候，从句谓语动词可根据具体情况，使用所需要的各种时态。当主句谓语动词使用过去时的时候，从语动词必须便用过去时态中的某种形式；但如果从句中表示的是不受时间限制的科学事实、格言或客观真理，句谓语动词依然使用一般现在时。
She says she is now an engineering student at Harvard University. His relative couldn't understand why he spent so much money on books.
The teacher told them that since light travels much faster than sound, lighting appears to arrive before thunder. Exercises
Directions: Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. By the end of last year, I _____ in this college for ten years. A） have worked B） had worked C） worked
D） have been working
[答疑编号506494010701：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】译文：截至去年年底，他已经在这所大学工作10年了。本题考查过去完成时 的用法。题中by the end of last year 是一个到过去某一时间（此处是去年）为止的时间状语，指去年年底以前一直存在的状态，符合过去完成时的用法。A是现在完成时的构成；C是一般过去时；D是现在完成进行时。答案为B。
2. The station master told us the train ______ five minutes before. A） left B） has left C） had left D） had been left
[答疑编号506494010702：针对该题提问]
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】译文：火车站站长告诉我们火车5分钟前已经开了。本题考查过去完成时的
相关推荐：
loading