5.3 完形填空篇之议论文
Ⅰ.完形填空
郑州市2018届高三上学期期中考试
Do you know how discipline can help you achieve your goals? Do you know that discipline is important to __1__？ What is the power of discipline? How to become disciplined?
You might think that many people are not self-disciplined, __2__ I'm going to prove to you that people in general are disciplined, but __3__， in non-beneficial ways. There are many people who smoke daily __4__ the fact that it is harmful and __5__ and it could kill them. Such people are disciplined at __6__ cigarettes and smoking. There are people who are disciplined at drinking lots of alcohol daily. Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol. Do you __7__ where I am going with this?
One of my friends who has a __8__ for running, and spends half an hour every single morning running. Whether it is snowing or raining, she has to run. This is the kind of __9__ discipline that you are supposed to __10__ and create in your life.
Do you know someone who bought a book, but didn't finish __11__ it for some reason? Do you know someone who decided to improve his __12__ and start eating more vegetables and fruit, but after two weeks, he __13__？
These are all examples of __14__ of discipline. If you are not disciplined，then you will have a hard time to get your __15__. As I mentioned in my book The
ultimate guide to achieving your goals that you could know what you want, __16__
and take action, but if you are not self-disciplined, you will __17__ give up.
With discipline, you can start getting up early in the morning, exercise, and __18__ yourself of the non-beneficial habits such as smoking and eating non-healthy food. With discipline, you can change negative habits into positive habits. With discipline, you can join the gym and start working on having a __19__ body. Do you see what the __20__ of discipline can do?
Always remember what Jim Rohn said, “One discipline always leads to another discipline.” 1. A．wealth C．fortune
B．success D．health
2. A．for C．or
3. A．unfortunately C．unnecessarily 4. A．besides C．except 5. A．courageous C．dangerous 6. A．selling C．getting 7. A．care C．feel 8. A．passion C．respect 9. A．formal C．negative 10. A．form C．follow 11. A．reading C．analyzing 12. A．service C．skill
13. A．broke down C．gave up 14. A．lack C．sign
15. A．attention C．credit 16. A．plan C．ask
17. A．obviously C．likely 18. A．persuade C．deliver
B．and D．but B．unwillingly D．unexpectedly B．despite D．without B．disgusting D．forbidden B．buying D．consuming B．see D．mind B．gift D．reason B．positive D．religious B．learn D．believe B．reciting D．reviewing B．diet D．performance B．turned up D．set out B．gesture D．symbol B．order D．desire B．listen D．hope B．practically D．quickly B．inform D．break
19. A．healthier C．heavier 20. A．demand C．principle
B．weaker D．clumsier B．power D．measure
[语篇解读] 这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了自律的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们做一个自律的人，改掉不良习惯，培养健康向上的生活习惯。
1．B 【解析】考查名词辨析。wealth财富；success成功；fortune命运；health健康。根据前一句“你知道自律如何帮助你实现你的目标吗？”可知，此处指自律对成功是很重要的。故选B。
2．D 【解析】考查连词辨析。根据上文“你也许认为很多人的自律性不高”以及下文“我要证明给你看的是人们一般是有自律性的”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系。故选D。 3．A 【解析】考查副词辨析。unfortunately不幸地；unwillingly不情愿地；unnecessarily没必要地；unexpectedly意外地。根据下文列举的吸烟、喝酒的例子可推知，此处指“不幸地是，这些都是不好的(non-beneficial)例子”。故选A。
4．B 【解析】考查介词辨析。besides除此之外(还有)；despite尽管；except除此之外；without没有。句意：尽管(despite)吸烟有害是一个事实，但是很多人每天都吸烟。故选B。 5．C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。courageous勇敢的；disgusting恶心的；dangerous危险的；forbidden被禁止的。与前文harmful对应，表示“吸烟是有害和危险的(dangerous)”。故选C。
6．D 【解析】考查动名词辨析。selling卖；buying买；getting得到；consuming消耗。句意：这些人在消耗香烟和吸烟方面是遵守规律的。另外根据后文的“Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol.”可知，此处应使用consume“消耗”。故选D。 7．B 【解析】考查动词辨析。care关心；see看到；明白；feel感觉；mind介意。句意：你明白(see)我从哪里引用这点吗？故选B。
8．A 【解析】考查名词辨析。passion激情；gift礼物；respect尊重；reason原因。根据下文的“Whether it is snowing or raining, she has to run.”可知，作者的一个朋友有每天晨跑的激情。故选A。
9．B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。formal正式的；positive积极的；negative消极的；religious宗教的。此处与上文吸烟、喝酒不良习惯形成对比，这是一种积极的自律性。故选B。 10．C 【解析】考查动词辨析。form形成；learn学习；follow遵循；believe相信。句意：这是一种在你的生活中，你应该遵循和创造的积极的自律性。故选C。
11．A 【解析】考查动名词辨析。reading阅读；reciting背诵；analyzing分析；reviewing审查。句意：你知道有的人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？故选A。 12．B 【解析】考查名词辨析。service服务；diet饮食；skill技巧；performance表现。
根据下文的 “start eating more vegetables and fruit”可知此处指改善自己的饮食。故选B。
13．C 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。break down抛锚；turn up露面；give up放弃；set out 出发。句意：但是两周后，他就放弃了。故选C。
14．A 【解析】考查名词辨析。lack缺乏；gesture姿势；sign符号；symbol象征。根据上文可知，列举的这些例子都是缺乏自律性的。故选A。
15．D 【解析】考查名词辨析。attention注意；order顺序；credit信用；desire愿望。句意：如果你缺乏自律性，那么实现你的愿望将是很困难的。故选D。
16．A 【解析】考查动词辨析。plan计划；listen听；ask问；hope希望。句意：正像我在我的《实现你的目标终极指南》一书中提到的，你能知道你想要的、能计划并采取行动，但是如果你自律性不强，你将可能放弃。故选A。
17．C 【解析】考查副词辨析。obviously显然地；practically实际上；likely可能；quickly快速地。句意：但是如果你的自律性不强，你将可能放弃。故选C。
18．D 【解析】考查动词辨析。persuade劝说；inform通知；deliver传递；break打破，解除。句意：有自律，你就能够每天早上早起、锻炼，把你身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的不好习惯打破。故选D。
19．A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。healthier更健康的；weaker更弱的；heavier更重的；clumsier更笨的。句意：有了自律性，你就能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。故选A。
20．B 【解析】考查名词辨析。demand要求；power力量；principle纪律；measure措施。句意：你看到自律的力量能做些什么了吗？故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers，” the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style，cost，color and condition of someone's shoes.In the study,63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants.Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes，and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected：People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes，and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing
people.However，some of the more specific results are strange enough.For example，“practical and functional” shoes were generally worn by more “pleasant” people，while ankle boots were more linked with “aggressive” personalities.The strangest of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable-looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities.And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them，you may suffer from “attachment anxiety”，spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance.There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主张变革的) types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities，but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.
1．What does this text mainly tell us? A．Shoes can hide people's real personalities. B．Shoes convey false information about the wearer. C．People's personalities can be judged by their shoes. D．People know little about their personalities. 2．The participants were asked to ________. A．provide pictures of their shoes B．look at pictures of different shoes C．design a personality questionnaire D．hand in their commonly worn shoes
3．Which of the results is beyond people's expectation? A．Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes. B．Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes. C．Aggressive people are likely to wear ankle boots. D．Fashion shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.
4．People suffering from “attachment anxiety” tend to ________. A．wear strange shoes
B．worry about their appearance C．have a calm character D．become a political leader
[语篇解读] 一项新的研究表明根据一个人的鞋子可以判断他的性格，甚至是陌生人的性
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