中华人民共和国海事局
2007年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第42期)
科目：轮机英语 试卷代号：802
适用对象：近洋航区750-3000KW船舶轮机长
（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）
答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔
涂黑。第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分,第77题至78题, 每题10分。
一、单项选择题
1. The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that______.
A. both of them are ignited by compressed air
B. both of them are the forms of external combustion engines C. both of them have spark plugs
D. the power is developed by the piston in the cylinder
2. The relative air pressure in the inlet manifold of a turbocharged diesel engine is usually______.
A. greater than the average exhaust manifold pressure B. less than the average exhaust manifold pressure C. greater at the turbine wheel than at the impeller D. greater at reduced engine speed
3. Compressed air is supplied by air compressors to______.
A. the air receivers B. the starting valves C. the cylinder covers D. the distributors 4. ______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinder before the
reversing is completed.
A. An automatic B. A transmission C. A self-regulating D. An interlocking
5. On a diesel engine equipped with a hydraulic speed control governor, hunting in many cases can
be corrected by adjusting the______.
A. accumulator spring compression B. balance piston C. compensating(补偿) needle valve D. proportional piston
6. Pump up the starting air reservoirs to their maximum pressure and ______the air reservoirs and
air system.
A. open B. close C. drain D. vent
7. If the sump ______were to rise this would indicate water leakage into the oil and an investigation
into the cause must be made.
A. temperature B. viscosity C. lever D. level
8. Persistent knocking in one cylinder of an eight cylinder diesel engine would MOST likely be
caused by______.
A. using fuel oil with low cetane number B. a badly worn piston pin C. a loose flywheel key D. a loose bed plate bolt 9. One cause of diesel engine surging can be a result of ______.
A. injection pump plungers stuck or worn B. low compression C. solenoid stuck open D. fuel tank too full
10. According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas
from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is _____.
A. welcome B. admitted in some special sea areas C. prohibited D. acceptable 11. High diesel engine cooling water temperatures can be caused by ______.
A. air in the cooling system B. an overhauled water pump C. correct amount of coolant D. no air in the cooling system
12. The trend nowadays is to build the frame box as a separate fabricated construction and then, after
stress relieving and machining the mating surfaces, to mount it on the______. This has the advantage of saving weight.
A. seating B. bed-plate C. entablature D. cylinder block
13. Stern tube and strut(支柱) bearings lined with hardwood or rubber composition materials are
lubricated with______.
A. saltwater B. graphite(石墨) C. light lubricating oil D. heavy lubricating oil
14. Vessel propellers are classified as being right hand or left hand. A right hand propeller turns
clockwise when viewed from______.
A. the bow B. the stern C. the port side D. the starboard side
15. Pitted reduction gear teeth having a deep blue color with evidence of overheating have been
operated with______.
A. excessive speed B. improper warm-up C. extreme misalignment D. inadequate lubrication
16. The boiler water alkalinity in a coil-type auxiliary boiler should be maintained at the pH
recommended by the boiler manufacturer to______. A. precipitate(使沉淀) silica （硅石）from solution B. reduce corrosion in the heating coil C. prevent clogging and erosion in the coil D. maintain zero water hardness
17. When an auxiliary boiler is panting and emitting(发出) black smoke, you should______.
A. increase the fuel oil temperature B. decrease the fuel oil temperature C. decrease the fuel oil supply pressure D. increase the air supply
18. The pressure of a liquid leaving the pump can be referred to as the ______.
A. total head B. discharge head C. net positive suction head D. suction head
19. It is possible to mount a double suction centrifugal pump impeller with the vanes facing in the
wrong direction. This would cause the pump ______.
A. head capacity to improve B. discharge to be reversed C. efficiency to decrease D. slippage to decrease
20. The refrigeration system low pressure cutout switch is actuated by______.
A. an electric system manager
B. a sensing bulb at the tail coil of the evaporator C. pressure changes in the suction line D. failure of the king solenoid valve
21. In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ______.
A. filters B. separators C. ducted traps D. dehumidifiers
22. Excessive circulation of the lubricating oil with the refrigerant in a refrigeration system will
cause______.
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23. 24. 25. 26.
27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
32. 33.
34. 35.
A. carbon deposits on the compressor suction valves B. the evaporator temperature to increase
C. rapid corrosion of the thermal expansion valve D. no operating problems
Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of ______. A. bubbling refrigerant B. overheating and oxidation
C. lowered operating temperatures D. reducing the cloud or floc point
Coalescence(聚合) is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an oil/water mixture, which causes them to join and ______in size.
A. expand B. extract C. increase D. decrease The ______is used to burn oil sludge.
A. clarifier B. oily water separator C. incinerator D. distiller
Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except ______.
A. aeration tanks B. settling tanks
C. disinfection(消毒) agent D. anaerobic bacteria(厌氧细菌)
The separation of impurities and water from ______is essential for good combustion of diesel engines.
A. lube oil B. fuel oil C. turbine oil D. grease When a clarifier is running the impurities and water collect at the bowl _____. A. center B. periphery C. inlet D. upper parts A hydraulic motor may be driven by______.
A. an electric motor B. a diesel engine C. a compressor D. oil If an anchor windlass has been idle for some time, you should ______. A. repack all valve stems B. lubricate it prior to use C. replace the foundation bolts D. balance the warping heads When the steering gear is in operation, you should ______. A. check hydraulic oil levels every hour B. check the rams for overheating
C. check for excessive oil leakage from rams D. drain water from tele-motor cylinders each watch
Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by contamination of the hydraulic fluid and ______.
A. fluid friction B. fluid turbulence C. component misalignment D. pressure surges The frequency of an alternator at a given RPM is determined by the ______. A. number of turns of wire in the armature(电枢) coil B. number of magnetic poles C. strength of the magnets used D. output voltage
The operation of _____ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase. A. paralleling B. series-mounting C. running D. control
Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ________. A. voltage regulator B. reverse power relay C. reverse current relay D. governor control switch 36. A generator is prevented from becoming motorized by the use of a/an______.
A. over-speed trip B. reverse power relay C. back pressure trip D. governor controls 37. A switchboard for an AC electrical system requires the use of which of the following devices?
A. Frequency meter. B. Ohmmeter.
C. Induction voltage regulator. D. Current transformer governor. 38. An advantage of DC motors over AC motors is that they______.
A. are less expensive
B. require less maintenance C. can be started across the line
D. offer a more effective means of controlling speed 39. The total resistance of a parallel circuit is always______.
A. larger than the greatest branch resistance B. smaller than the lowest branch resistance
C. equal to the sum of the individual branch resistances D. one-half the sum of the individual branch resistances
40. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both______.
A. can be reset to energize the circuit
B. should open the circuit when overloaded
C. will burn out when an over current flow develops D. should short the circuit when overloaded
41. In ______ the control action is independent on the output.
A. a closed loop control system B. an open loop control system C. a boiler control system D. a steering gear control system
42. Which of the listed devices is used to measure pressure and convert it to an electrical signal?
A. Transducer B. Reducer C. Transformer D. Rectifier
43. You must take good care of the drainage cock of the air control system. Because ______leads
scale formed which might malfunctions the pilot control valve and other instruments. A. the temperature B. the rust C. the pressure D. the humidity
44. A device which prints out a permanent record of the plant operating conditions is known as the
______.
A. ana(名言集) logger B. bell logger C. alarm logger D. data logger
45. ______ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.
A. Constant inspection B. Keeping constant load C. Remaining constant temperature D. Varying speed
46. Keep compartment ______as the gas given off can be dangerous.
A. well ventilated B. well clean C. in good order D. more room 47. A fire in a pile of canvas would be classified as a ______.
A. class A B. class B C. class C D. class D
48. Fires resulting from spontaneous(自发的) combustion are usually caused by the improper
disposal of ______.
A. cigarette butts B. oily rags C. burner torches D. lighted matches
49. Why is it necessary to warn engine room personnel before activating the fixed CO 2 system?
A. To make them aware(明白的) there is a fire.
B. To let them know they should leave the engine room.
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50.
51. 52.
53.
54.
55. 56.
57. 58. 59. 60. 61.
C. To prevent possible injury from frostbite.
D. To make them aware that ventilation will automatically stop.
A fireman's outfit carried onboard cargo vessels, must have a ______. A. canister-type(滤毒罐型) gas mask B. fresh-air breathing apparatus C. self-contained breathing apparatus D. combustible gas indicator As its temperature rises, the volume of fuel oil in the tanks will ______. A. remain the same B. increase C. decrease D. can’t be comfirmed
Which lubricating oil additive is used in diesel engines to reduce the tendency(倾向)for sludge and varnish to form on the engine parts?
A. Flash point improvers B. Pour point improvers
C. Inhibitors D. Foam suppressors(抑制物) Why is it necessary to have routine testing of the cooling water?
A. To ensure that the proper residuals of treatment chemicals, as specified, are maintained all time.
B. To trace leakage in the cooling water system. C. It is not necessary.
D. To detect the presence of contaminants in the water that may be injurious to the cooling system.
Inspection of a vessel's propeller during dry-docking should include ______. A. noting the condition of the fairwater B. inspection of the keyway
C. logging inspection results in the official deck log D. thrust bearing
The depth of the ship below the waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull is called_____.
A. trim B. lean C. draft D. tonnage
The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents that personnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.
A. BRC B. MCC C. AUT-0 D. AUT-1
Oil Pollution Regulations require any transfer or discharge of oil or oily mixtures to be recorded in the ______.
A. bridge log B. Master's log C. engine room log D. oil record book
The approval period for a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan expires after ______. A. one year B. two years C. four years D. five years
The Port Authorities, in accordance with the IMO resolutions have been carrying out _____ to enhance safety of ships.
A. CPP B. FPP C. PSC D. FSC
“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a ______.
A. substandard ship B. standard ship C. over-standard ship D. reference ship
When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately, many factors shall be taken into account.
62.
63.
64. 65.
66.
67. 68.
A．satisfied engineers B．qualified ratings
C．satisfied chief engineer D．qualified chief engineer
_____ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision duties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.
A. The watch keeping personnel B. The chief engineer C. The person on a bunker barge D. The duty deck officer
The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved with the maneuvering of the ship can immediately be placed in the ______of operation when notified that the ship is in congested waters.
A. manual mode B. automatic mode C. remote mode D. follow-up mode Before the seas get rough, it is a good safety practice to ______. A. secure loose gear B. move quickly about the ship C. increase lighting D. shutdown auxiliary equipment
If it becomes necessary to pump bilges while a vessel is in port, which of the following procedures should be followed?
A. Pump only if the discharge is led to a shore tank or barge. B. Pump only during the hours of darkness. C. Pump only on the outgoing tide. D. Pump only as much as is necessary.
The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the ______of merchant ships.
A. pollution B. economization(节约) C. safety D. efficiency
Safety-management objectives of the Company should establish safeguards ______all identified risks.
A. with B. without C. against D. above
The ship security officer shall have knowledge and have received training, taking into account the guidance given in Part B of ______.
A. the ISM Code B. the ISPS Code C. the IBC Code D. the IGC Code
二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项） 第一组：
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports for the purpose of verifying that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international
conventions and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with applicable international laws.
The primary responsibility for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions rests with the flag State and if all flag States performed their duties satisfactorily there would be no need for port State control. Unfortunately this is not the case as evidenced by the many marine accidents around the world - hence the need for additional control.
The authority for exercising PSC is the national law based on relevant conventions. It is therefore necessary for a port State to be Party to those conventions and to have promulgated the necessary legislation before exercising PSC. In accordance with the provisions of the applicable conventions,
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Parties may conduct inspections of foreign ships in their ports through Port State Control Officers (PSCOs).
69. The purpose of PSC is ______. ①to check and inspect foreign ships ② to verify the condition of a
ship in compliance with requirements of international conventions; ③ to make sure that the ship is manned and operated well; ④to detain ships
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①③ D. ①②③④
70. Who will be responsible for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that
specified in international conventions?
A. PSCOs B. Ship owners C. Flag states D. Port states 71. Before exercising PSC, a port state should______.
A. become a contracting Party and promulgate regulations for implementing PSC B. inform ship owners C. establish procedures
D. inform shipping companies
72、PSC inspection is implemented by______ through______.
A. flag states/PSCOs B. flag states/ship owners C. port states/PSCOs D. port states/ship owners 第二组：
A typical example of a hydraulic governor is the Woodward. This has adjustable droop for parallel operation and it is fitted with a speed-adjusting control . If required it can be fitted with a synchronizing motor to provide remote control from a switchboard.
A gear pump driven from the engine supplies oil under pressure to accumulator pistons under which is a by-pass to regulate maximum pressure. One branch supplies oil which acts on top of the power piston, the pressure always tending to turn the terminal shaft to shut off fuel, while the other branch supplies oil to the pilot valve which is operated by the linkage from the fly weights above.
Should the speed of the engine decrease due to increased load the flyweights will move towards their center of rotation and lower the position of the pilot valve plunger, admitting oil pressure from the bottom of the power piston. Since, however, the area on the bottom is much greater than the top the net resultant force causes the piston to move upwards. This operates the power lever turning the terminal shaft which varies the cut-off point in the fuel pump through linkage, but as the power piston moves up, the actuating compensating piston moves down. Oil under this piston is now forced through the needle valve to the receiving compensating piston, raising the outer end of the floating lever and the pilot valve plunger until it has returned to its normal position. This stops further movement of the terminal shaft so that the fuel control is now set in a position corresponding to the increased fuel required to run the engine at normal speed under the increased load.
73. This passage is mainly about ___.
A. what type of governor should be provided when the engine is used for electric power generation
B. why the speed of the engine fluctuates C. how the governor works D. how the fuel pumps work
74. Which of the following is true about the Woodward discussed? A. It is a kind of mechanical governor. B. It can not be used for parallel operation. C. It has speed droop.
D. It may only be manually controlled from a switch board.
75. The oil from the gear pump will ___. ① be supplied to the accumulator ② act on the power piston ③ be supplied to the pilot valve
A. ① B. ①② C. ②③ D. ①②③
76. When the speed of the engine decreases due to increased load, which of the following will NOT happen?
A. The flyweights move towards their center
B. The pilot valve plunger moves towards its normal position.
C. The power piston moves downwards until it returns to its normal position. D. The terminal shaft moves to a new position
三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）
77. 10月22日主机以83转/分钟正常航行时，增压器的转速为11700转/分钟，下午4点30分
增压器突然开始产生异常声音，出现振动，主机转速降至60转/分钟, 同时增压器转速降至2400转/分钟。 78. (检验报告)
船名：XXX
船舶所有人：XXX
船舶登记号：XXXXXX
我船于2005年8月12日在上海对轮机以下循环检验项目进行了检验： 主机第一缸的气缸盖、气缸套、活塞、十字头轴承及连杆大端轴承。 所有项目经检验情况正常。
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