年产5万吨脲醛树脂工厂工艺设计

普通本科毕业设计（论文）说明书

课题名称 年产5万吨脲醛树脂工厂工艺设计

年产5万吨脲醛树脂工厂工艺设计

摘要

脲醛树脂是一种用途广泛而且需求量大的氨基树脂，是我国人造板主要粘合剂，目前占国内木材工业用量的80%以上。本设计确定了以农林废弃物为精剂填料，通过尿素和甲醛发生缩聚反应，合成生产改性脲醛树脂。该方法原料来源广、成本低、生产工艺简单，产品具有耐水性好、固化速度快、胶层无色以及使用方便等诸多优点。但是，随着改性脲醛树脂应用领域拓宽和用量的不断增加，脲醛树脂胶制产品游离甲醛的残留和释放量也不断增加，造成环境污染，对人体的危害极大。本工艺针对如何有效降低游离甲醛量，对改性脲醛树脂的生产工艺进行更合理设计，提高产品胶合性能，克服胶合板缺胶、透胶、鼓泡等胶合缺陷，降低生产成本。

本设计主要进行了工艺方案选择、工艺计算、设备选型、车间设计及公用工程设计，绘制了工艺流程图、设备平面布置图和主设备安装图。该工艺设计的原料处理量为2088.152kg/h的反应系统，年产50000吨脲醛树脂，改性脲醛树脂得率为87%，纯度可达82%，游离甲醛的含量低于1%。

关键词：农林废弃物，改性脲醛树脂，填料，甲醛

年产5万吨脲醛树脂工厂工艺设计

Abstract

Urea formaldehyde resin is a kind of widely used and high demand of amino resin, main adhesive is man-made board in our country, now account for over 80% of the domestic wood industry usage. This design determines the agriculture and forestry waste as chemical packing, urea and formaldehyde through polycondensation reaction, synthesis of modified urea-formaldehyde resin production. This method is wide raw material sources, low cost, simple production process, the product has good resistance to water, curing speed, sub colorless and easy to use, and many other advantages. But the widening of the application of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and dosage of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive products free of formaldehyde residue and release a quantity to also continue to increase, cause environmental pollution, great harm to the human body. This process on how to effectively reduce the free formaldehyde content, the production process of modified urea formaldehyde resin for a more reasonable design, improve product agglutination performance and overcome the plywood is short of glue, glue penetration, bonding defects such as bubble, reduce the production cost.

This design is mainly carried out technical scheme selection, process calculation, equipment selection, shop design and public project design, draw a process flow diagram, equipment layout and the main equipment installation drawing. The process design of material handling capacity of 2088.152 kg/h of reaction system, the annual output of 50000 tons of urea formaldehyde resin, modified urea-formaldehyde resin at a rate of 87%, the purity can reach 82%, the content of free formaldehyde was less than 1%.

Key words: agriculture and forestry waste, modified urea-formaldehyde resin, filler, formaldehyde

年产5万吨脲醛树脂工厂工艺设计

目 录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................... 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ III 目 录 .............................................................................................................................. IV 1 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 设计任务 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 脲醛树脂的应用及发展概况 ......................................................................... 1 1. 3 具体生产产品的确定 ........................................................................................ 2 1. 4 本设计预解决的主要问题 ................................................................................ 2 2 产品与原料的性质与规格 .......................................................................................... 3

2.1 改性脲醛树脂的质量标准和规格表 ............................................................... 3 2.2 生产脲醛树脂的原料的特性与规格 ............................................................... 3 3 合成工艺设计和分析 .................................................................................................. 5

3.1 游离甲醛的来源 ................................................................................................. 5 3.2 降低游离甲醛含量的途径 ................................................................................. 5 3.3 改性脲醛(MUF)树脂的合成 ............................................................................. 6 3.4 合成过程工艺指标控制 ..................................................................................... 7

3.4.1 甲醛与尿素摩尔比的影响： .................................................................. 7 3.4.2三聚氰胺用量的影响 ............................................................................... 7 3.5 不同反应环境与产品性能的关系 ..................................................................... 8

3.5.1 加成反应阶段各工艺参数变化对改性脲醛树脂的影响 ..................... 8 3.5.2 缩聚反应阶段各工艺参数的变化对改性脲醛树脂的影响 ................. 9 3.6 改性脲醛树脂合成工艺路线 ............................................................................. 9

3.7 合成脲醛树脂树脂工艺 ........................................................................... 10 3.7.2 脱水阶段 ................................................................................................ 11