序进行翻译,亦可变换顺序,置主语从句于主句之后,将“it”翻译为“这”。 (二)宾语从句的翻译
在宾语从句的翻译中,主要包括以下两种翻译考查点: 以“that”、“what”、“how”等引导的宾语从句; 用“it”作形式宾语。
These scientists decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate”.
这些科学家想要证实是否如许多吸烟者所说吸烟有助于他们思考并集中注意力。(直译法)
1.以“that”、“what”、“how”等引导的宾语从句
2.代词“it”引导的宾语从句的翻译
在中文译文中,形式宾语“it”常因中文表达习惯而省略。
I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us. 他说他要想尽一切办法帮助我们,我相信他说的是真心话。(省略法)
I heard it said that this big star has great concerns about his fans. 我听说这位巨星很关心他的追星族。(省略法)
名词性从句翻译(2) 表语从句的翻译 同位语从句的翻译 (一)表语从句的翻译
表语从句一般在系动词后出现,翻译成汉语时可以按照原文顺序进行翻译。 常见句型结构:
主语+is / seems / sounds / feels that / what / why / where / as ?,一般采用直译法。
The only method is that we have forever to keep it in mind. 唯一方法是我们应当永远将此牢记。(直译法)
What’s troubling the father most is that his son seems not to have any great expectation.
最让父亲苦恼的莫过于他儿子看起来没有远大前程。(直译法)
(二)同位语从句的翻译
在翻译名词性从句时,很容易将同位语从句与定语从句混淆。一般而言,同位语从句多出现在以下词汇后:fact, belief, evidence, reason, idea, claim, suggestion, theory, proof, doubt, news, thought等。
在翻译同位语从句时,可采用以下三种方法:
采用直译法;
采用增词法,增加“即”或“那就是”,或用冒号、破折号分开。
在有些情况下,同位语从句可以提前;
Isn’t it another evidence that the so-called world peace is just empty talk?
难道这不是再次证明所谓的世界和平只不过是句空话吗? 1. 采用直译法,同时为了保证译文更符合汉语表达习惯,可以适当增词,从而使译文通顺流畅
The foreign travelers marveled at the fact that China has achieved such great developments within so short a time. 中国在如此短暂的时间里获得如此巨大的发展,这一事实令外国游客感到惊讶。(前置法)
2.在有些情况下,同位语从句可以提前
Then arose the question who, among all these candidates, is qualified for the job?
问题随之出现:在所有这些候选人中,谁能胜任这项工作? 3.采用增词法,增加“即”或“那就是”,或用冒号、破折号分开
状语从句的翻译 状语从句的直译法 状语从句的倒译法 状语从句的转译法 (一)状语从句的直译法
Once human beings stand up and become masters of their own fate, there will be no difficulties they may not overcome. 一旦人站起来,成为自己命运的主宰,就不会有他们克服不了的困难。
(二)状语从句的倒译法
The local government will set up more paper mills if they can get more raw materials.
如果能够得到更多的原材料,当地政府将兴建更多的造纸厂。
(三)状语从句的转译法
New things always have to experience difficulties and setbacks as they grow.
任何新生事物的成长都要经过艰难曲折。 (状语从句转译为作为主语的名词“成长”)。
Stormy applause broke forth in the audience the moment the singer stepped on the stage .
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