2013届本科毕业设计（论文）
图书分类号： 密 级：
毕业设计(论文)
数控激光切割机XY工作台 部件及单片机控制设计
CNC LASER CUTTING MACHINE XY WORK-BENCH COMPONENTS AND SCM
CONTROL DESIGN
学生姓名 学院名称 专业名称 指导教师
20**年 5月 27日
2013届本科毕业设计（论文）
摘要
本课题针对数控激光切割机进行了设计。主要完成了XY工作台的机械结构设计和单片机的控制系统的设计。设计过程中，对于XY工作台的机械结构进行了具体的设计分析，选用了精度相对高的滚珠丝杠副传动系统方案，具体对传动系统中的滚珠丝杠、直线滚动导轨、齿轮进行了计算和选型；为验证系统的可行性，对系统的刚度进行了分析；根据系统的要求和载荷，对步进电机进行了分析和选型。对以89C51为主控芯片的数控系统进行了硬件说明和控制程序设计。
关键词 CNC；数控激光切割机；XY工作台；单片机
2013届本科毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
This topic designs for CNC laser cutting machine. It completed the design of XY workbench mechanical structure and the CNC system. The design process has the design and analysis of XY workbench mechanical structure. To choice ball screw vice transmission system solutions which has a relatively high precision. There are specific calculation and selection on ball screw, linear rolling guide and gear of the transmission system; In order to validate the feasibility of the system, the stiffness of system are analyzed. The analysis and selection for stepping motor are according to the system's requirements and load. There are hardware specifications and design of control program for CNC system with 89C51 as the main control chip.
Keywords CNC laser cutting machine tools XY table Single chip microcomputer
2013届本科毕业设计（论文）
目 录
摘要.................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论............................................................................................................................................. 4 1.1激光技术概述....................................................................................................................... 4 1.2激光切割技术的应用........................................................................................................... 4 1.3设计任务............................................................................................................................... 5 1.4总体设计方案分析............................................................................................................... 5 2 工作台机械结构设计................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 XY工作台的设计................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.1 X-Y工作台结构设计总述............................................................................................ 8 2.1.2主要设计参数及依据.................................................................................................... 8 2.1.3 XY工作台部件进给系统受力分析.............................................................................. 9 2.1.4初步确定XY工作台尺寸及估算重量.......................................................................... 9 2.2 Z轴随动系统设计............................................................................................................... 9 2.3 机座的设计........................................................................................................................ 10 2.3.1 机座的结构设计......................................................................................................... 10 2.3.2机座材料的选择.......................................................................................................... 11 3 传动系统的设计....................................................................................................................... 12 3.1丝杠的选型......................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 丝杠的介绍................................................................................................................. 12 3.1.2丝杠螺母副的选择...................................................................................................... 13 3.1.3丝杠的校核.................................................................................................................. 14 3.2 滚珠丝杠支承的选择........................................................................................................ 16 3.2.1 支承方式的选择......................................................................................................... 16 3.2.2 轴承的选择................................................................................................................. 16 3.3导轨的选型及计算............................................................................................................. 16 3.3.1 导轨的组成种类及其应满足的要求......................................................................... 16 3.3.2导轨材料的选择及热处理.......................................................................................... 16 3.3.3导轨的选型及长度估算.............................................................................................. 17 3.3.4导轨副的额定寿命计算.............................................................................................. 18 3.3.5滚动导轨副的技术要求.............................................................................................. 20 3.4 步进电机的选择................................................................................................................ 20 3.4.1步进电机的特点.......................................................................................................... 20
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