新概念英语第一册语法综述 43-48

新概念英语第一册语法综述

（LESSON43-LESSON48）

Part 1

1、情态动词 can：

1)情态动词是有意义的助动词的一种，当然不能单独使用。 情态动词没有人称与时态的变化，后面跟动词原型。 情态动词用于构成否定句和疑问句。 can 能，会

Can you speak English? 你会说英语么？ can 可以代替may

Can I use your bike? 我可以用你的车么？ can 表示“可能性”，常用于否定句或疑问句中 Can it be true? 这会是真的么？ can 的句型：

肯定句：He can make the tea. 否定句：He can’t make the tea.

一般疑问句：Can he make the tea? Yes, he can. No, he can’t. 特殊疑问句：What can he do?

2)could也可以表示请求，语气更加委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。比如： Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes,you can. 3)can表示能力时，还可用于be able to代替。比如： I`ll not be able to come this afternoon.

Part 2

1、at the butcher’s 在肉店

方位副词at与in的区别是，at和in在…里；但at表示的地方较小，而in表示的地方很大，例：

at the school at home in China in Asia

2、butcher’s 是butcher’s shop的简写，还有例子如hairdresser’s(shop) my mother’s(house) 3、What about some steak? 如果疑问句中希望得到对方的肯定回答，那么也可以使用some，如：

Would you like some biscuit? 你希望来一些饼干么 What about some steak? 来点牛排怎么样？

4、To tell you the truth, Mrs. Bird. 动词不定式作插入语。

所谓动词不定式就是to +verb.的形式，其中to被称为小品词。 动词不定式不可以作谓语，但可做其它句子成份。例： To say is one thing, to do is another thing. 说一套做一套。（动词不定式作主语）

5、I don’t like chicken either. 当either做conj.时，只用于否定句中，而too只用于肯定句和疑问句中。

6、一般现在时：

一般现在时的基本用法：

1. 描述现在的事实或状态：There flowers are very beautiful.

2. 表示经常性的习惯性的动作（always ,often ,usually ,sometimes）： He goes to school at 8 o’clock everyday.

3. 描述客观的事实或真理：The sun rises on the east.

4. 口语的时候也可以代替将来时（come go leave arrive start get stay 等单词）： The meeting starts at 5 o’clock. 会议将在5点中开始 注意和be going to的区别。

We are going to a meeting at 5 o’clock. 句式： 肯定句：

She is a teacher. 这第一种形式就是已经学过的S+be的系表结构，不再举例。 I like beef.

He likes the beef. 第三人称单数要进行-s –es的变化。 否定句与疑问句：

I don’t like beef. Do you like beef? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. What do you like?

He doesn’t like beef. Does he like beef? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. What does he like? What does he do? 他在干什么？

1. 由此可见，一般现在时中，否定句与疑问句要用助动词do来提问（第三人称用does）。 2. 注意的是，如果句子中有了助动词does了，那么实义动词本身不变化。 3. 注意这个does的发音。

动词的变化：当主语是第三人称单数时，动词需要变化，规则与名词的复数类似： 1. 一般动词加 –s

2. 以s/sh/ch/x/z 加-es，如：push、pass、catch、fix、buzz 3. 以辅音+y结尾，把y变i再加-es，如：study、cry 4. 以辅音+o结尾加es，如：do、go。 7、有关“酒”的表达法：

wine 果酒，葡萄酒 beer 啤酒 alcohol酒，白酒

8、序数词：序数词从字意来看，表示：第几第几。一般情况下在基数词后面加-th，有以下口诀助记： 简称 口诀 全称 1st 2nd 3rd 1、2、3特殊记 first second third 8去t，9去e ty变成tie ve f来代替 若变数字几十几，只将个位基变序 序数词要和定冠词the连用。 eighth ninth thirtieth fortieth twelfth twenty first 8th 9th 30th 40th 20th 21st Part 3

一、单词辨音：选出划线部分读音与其他三个不同的单词 （ ）1. A boil B boy C noise D colour （ ）2.A find B eight C ice D white （ ）3.A now B house C brown D tourist （ ）4.A course B horse C your D you （ ）5.A teapot B dog C hot D lovely

（ ）6. A grey B case C have D same （ ）7.A dutch B teacher C tea D assistant （ ）8.A which B whose C what D where （ ）9.A armchair B butcher C teacher D shine （ ）10.A turn B word C nurse D colour （ ）11. A ask B can C cannot D handwriting （ ）12.A terrible B minute C thin D in （ ）13.A terrible B all C late D chocolate （ ）14.A minute B under C umbrella D but （ ）15.A handwriting B who C whose D what （ ）16. A boss B dog C on D some （ ）17.A minute B lift C right D bit （ ）18.A can B minute C long D handwriting （ ）19.A minute B terrible C bed D empty （ ）20.A lift B ice C biscuit D milk （ ）21. A sweet B sweep C sleep D head （ ）22.A wine B ice C white D in （ ）23.A beer B near C here D there （ ）24.A egg B orange C photograph D grass （ ）25.A choice B boil C boy D homework （ ）26. A pure B student C excuse D cup （ ）27.A choice B teacher C dish D watch （ ）28.A go B to C too D tooth （ ）29.A tooth B another C this D clothes （ ）30.A clean B eat C meal D heavy 二、根据中文提示默写单词

1.当然__________ 2.找到__________ 3.沸腾__________ 4.茶壶__________ 5.水壶__________ 6.后面_________ 7.饼干_________ 8.举起_________ 9.可怕的__________ 10.上司__________ 11.分钟_________12.书写_________13.想__________ 14.橘子__________ 15.选择__________ 16.成熟的__________ 17.新鲜的__________ 18.纯净的__________ 19.啤酒__________ 三、语法和词汇：从A、B、C、D中选出正确答案 （ ）1.Hurry_________!It`s too late!

A on B down C up D out （ ）2.The girl is sitting_________her mother and father. A in B on C over D between （ ）3.I`m thirsty.Please_________for me.

A make tea B make the tea C drink the tea D take tea （ ）4.“Where is it?”“It`s_________there.”

A under B on C off D over （ ）5.“Where is it?”“_________.”

A Here it is B Here you are C There it is D There you are （ ）6.“Can you find them?”“Yes,_________.”

A Here it is B Here you are C Here they are D Here are they （ ）7._________there any teapots in the cupboard? A Be B Am C Are D Is （ ）8._________there any soap on the cupboard? A Be B Am C Are D Is （ ）9._________there any chocolate here? A Be B Am C Are D Is （ ）10._________there any cars there?

A Be B Am C Are D Is （ ）11.I can see that aeroplane,but I can`t_________birds. A a B any C some D an （ ）12.The boy is putting on_________hat. A his B its C him D he （ ）13.There are two_________of bread here.

A loaf B loafs C loafes D loaves （ ）14.The_________handwriting is terrible.

A boss`s B boss` C boss D bosses` （ ）15.The girl can`t jump_________the wall. A of B off C in D on （ ）16.Go _________and fetch a book for me.

A to next door B in next door C next door D to the next door （ ）17.Can you_________this letter?

A typing B types C type D to type （ ）18.Can she_________the flowers to me?

A takes B taking C to take D take （ ）19.Do you like_________whisky?

A ripe B honey C choice D jam （ ）20.Do you want_________?

A a B an C one D a coffee （ ）21.I don`t _________milk in my coffee.

A likes B to like C like D liking

（ ）22.“Do you like beer?”“Yes,I do,but I don`t want_________.” A one B a C some D any

（ ）23.“Do you like bananas?”“Yes,I do,but I don`t want_________.”