D． be able to provide free meals and transportation （2）What's the purpose of the passage？ A． To encourage students to study in Australia． B． To advertise houses to international students． C． To share a cultural exchange experience． D． To promote an Australian homestay program．
28．（6分）Mom was wrong when she taught me that \， but names will never hurt me\． Names do hurt…names can shame， ridicule， and humiliate （羞辱）． Some relate to race
or gender； others refer to weight， facial features， or a particular part of one's body． Names that refer to social class or what part of the country you're from can be hurtful， as can names that involve age， religion， or physical ability． Certainly， no one likes to be called a name that is disrespectful， unkind， or mean． But there is another category of name﹣calling that is also hurtful and destructive： names such as \，\，\． Yet many throw these labels around at the drop of a hat， without understanding what the labels actually mean， not to mention the damage done by accusing someone of racism， sexism， etc． The accusation alone can be enough to ruin a reputation， kill a career， or be used to discredit a lifetime of good work．
Let's consider the definition of racism： \human characteristics and capacities and that racial difference produces a superiority of a particular race\． How about the definition of sexism： \sex， especially discrimination against women\． I wonder， do the TV talking heads understand the true definition of the labels they throw at public figures： \，\worse， based on nothing more than a comment taken out of context or someone's clumsy attempt at humor．
My point is that the political correctness movement has gone way too far． While the original intention of political correctness may have been good （to encourage sensitivity to others' feelings around issues of gender， race， religion， sexual orientation， physical abilities， and such）， the effect of political correctness has been to make everyone avoid these topics altogether， thereby damaging our ability to get comfortable in living and working with
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those who are different from us． It's gone so far that political correctness has become a bigger problem than the problem it was intended to address! These days everyone is so afraid of being called \or \or some other career﹣killing label， that we all tiptoe carefully around diversity issues， and avoid them altogether if we possibly can．
But the question is： How are we ever going to be able to live and work together more comfortably if we can't talk about our feeling， fears， anxieties， assumptions， hopes， worries， dreams， and concerns？ How can we ever build trust with those who are different from us？ If we must constantly self﹣examine any conversation relating to race， gender， religion， sexual orientation or physical ability， then we are bound to perpetuate the very barriers we say we want to overcome．
（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ A． There are different types of hurtful and destructive name﹣calling． B． TV presenters are careful when they accuse someone of racism． C． We should avoid talking about diversity issues altogether． D． Political correctness makes it easier to address problems． （2）The underlined word \ ． A． live with B． get rid of C． burst through D． break down
（3）What is the author's attitude towards the current situation of political correctness？ A． Unconcerned． B． Critical． C． Neutral． D． Supportive．
29．（8分）When Noah Shulman was born a few days after Christmas 2016， his parents Kristelle and Evan had no reason to worry about him． Everything went smoothly． But within a few days of taking his first breath， Noah began to struggle． After a painful month of medical emergencies， the Shulmans learned that their son had a rare genetic disease that affected his
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mitochondria （线粒体）． Unfortunately， there are no treatments for mitochondrial disorders， as it's not yet possible to repair or alter the affected mitochondrial genes using gene therapy （疗法）．
Although told by doctors that they wouldn't have a healthy biological child， and exploring options like adopting， the Shulmans weren't ready to give up on having biological children． Then they learned about mitochondrial replacement therapy （MRT）， a promising innovation in fertility （ 生育） treatments which is considered as a form of genetic editing． It involves replacing just the mutated （突 变 ） mitochondria with healthy mitochondrial DNA from a donor， while keeping the biological mother's and father's DNA complete． \are breaking down a barrier that has certainly never been crossed before，\says Dr． Michio Hirano， medical director of the laboratory of molecular genetics at Columbia University， who plans to perform MRT for the Shulmans as part of a study． \biologically the embryo or person generated has three different sources of DNA， and that's a unique or novel concept．\
Scientists like Hirano and families like the Shulmans are far more comfortable with that than are policymakers． Federal policy not only prevents scientists from using government money for research on human embryos， but also prohibits the Food and Drug Administration from even accepting applications to consider approving the procedure． That's why Hirano found private funding for his study， which the Shulmans and five other couples have joined． Even so， he can only perform MRT； he cannot transfer the embryos for pregnancy （ 受孕）． They remain frozen until policies change． \these embryos，\he says． \can't move forward until we have permission to move forward．\
Many researchers argue that universal dismissal of any research involving genetic alteration of human embryos， like MRT， closes off valuable work that could lead to treatments for diseases． But they also acknowledge that some fast﹣moving scientists overseas， who are already introducing permanent genetic changes in embryos， may be going too far， as it's not yet clear how safe and effective these interventions are． In November， a Chinese bioengineer alarmed both the scientific community and the public when he announced he had used a powerful but still untested gene﹣editing tool called CRISPR to introduce a
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genetic change in twin girls when they were embryos to make them resistant to HIV infection． CRISPR's developers noted that the long﹣term implications of editing the human genome aren't known， and stood by their previous call for a voluntary moratorium （ 暂停） on work on genetically editing human embryos that will be transferred for pregnancy． Kristelle and Evan will still have to wait but they believe that time will have been well spent if it leads to new ways for people to have families． \now， we hope one day it will for everyone affected by mitochondrial diseases，\．
（1）Which of the following about MRT is TRUE according to the passage？ A． A person doesn't necessarily need a donor to receive MRT． B． It edits the biological parents' DNA completely． C． An embryo is produced by using three sources of DNA．
D． It successfully helps couples like the Shulmans have healthy babies． （2）What can we learn from Paragraph 4 ？
A． Scientists can't use government fund to do research on human embryos． B． The Shulmans and five other couples have funded Hirano's study． C． It has a long way to go before human embryos are created． D． Significant changes will soon be made to federal policy．
（3）Why does the author mention what the Chinese bioengineer has done？ A． To criticize the Chinese bioengineer for his irresponsibility． B． To prove that genetic editing can prevent some deadly diseases． C． To justify the universal dismissal of any research on altering genes．
D． To show researchers' concern over the long﹣term influence of editing genes． （4）The passage is mainly about ． A． an appeal against genetic editing B． a new frontier in fertility treatment C． a controversial policy under discussion D． an anxious couple seeking fertility treatment
30．（12分）\，\． \you how it's going to begin．\， on﹣screen and off， The Matrix pulled audiences
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