ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident\dentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe\nchargeofwho'sincharge\besafe\nning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing\ness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness\ss,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers'legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod'sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan 人工挖孔桩施工方案
一、 工程概况
本工程为龙岩宇鑫机械制造有限公司综合楼,系框架结构。地上总建筑面积1719.4M,建筑层数为地上五层,建筑高度17.85M。基础形式为人工挖孔扩底灌注桩。本工程有30根桩,桩径为800mm,桩身长度为10米到15米不等。 二、施工要点
1、人工挖孔灌注桩的施工程序:平整场地→放线、定桩位→挖第一节桩孔土方→支模浇第一节混凝土护壁→在护壁上施测标高及桩位十字轴线→安装活动井盖、垂直运输架、起重电动葫芦或卷扬机,活底吊土桶,排水通风,照明设施等→第二节桩身挖土→清理桩孔四壁,校核桩孔垂直度和直径→拆上节模板,支第二节模板,浇第二节砼护壁→重复第二节挖土,支模,浇砼护壁工序,循环作业直至设计深度→检查持力层后进行扩底→清理虚土、排除积水、检查尺寸和持力层→吊放钢筋笼就位→浇注桩身 2、成孔试验的检验,检验内容如下:
a、安全和质量是否有确实保证。
b、成孔试验过程中,桩侧壁土层坍塌,流沙,涌沙现象,混凝土护壁是否起到应有效果,桩端扩大头成型能否符合设计要求
c、每根桩端处持力层土质及标高是否与设计图纸及勘察报告相符。 d、施工的爆破和排水是否影响相邻建筑和市政设施的安全和正常使用。
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ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident\dentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe\nchargeofwho'sincharge\besafe\nning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing\ness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness\ss,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers'legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod'sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan 3、为防止塌孔和保护安全操作,直径1.2M以上的桩孔多设砼支护,每节高0.45~0.85m,厚8~15CM。
3)、护壁施工采用一节组合式木材模拼装而成,拆上节支下节,砼强度大1Mpa即可拆模。
4)、挖孔由人工自上而下逐层用镐、锹进行,挖土次序先挖中间部分后挖周边,允许误差±50MM。扩底部分采取先挖桩身圆柱体,再按扩底尺
寸从上到下削土修成扩底成形。弃土装入活底吊桶或箩筐内,垂直运上。人工挖孔桩底部如为岩土,一般应深入岩面不小于200MM,底面应平整不带泥沙,扩大头成锅底形、锅底中心比四周低200mm。
5)、○1桩中线控制:中线控制是在第一节砼护壁上设十字控制点,每一节设横杆吊大线锤做中心线,用水平尺找圆周。○2桩顶标高控制:在完成第一节护壁后将标高引测到护壁顶,桩身施工时便于控制桩顶。
6)、直径1.2m以内的桩,钢筋笼的制作与一般灌注桩的方法相同,对直径和长度较大的钢筋笼,一般在主筋内侧每隔2.0m设一道ф16以上的加强箍,每隔一箍在箍内设一井字加强支撑,与主筋焊接牢固成为一整体。
7)、桩身砼的浇注。采用塌落度4-8cm,砼下料采用串桶,深桩采用砼溜管;砼要垂直灌入桩空内,并应连续分层浇筑,每层厚度不超过1.5m。
8)、砍桩时先将标高引测到桩身,画出水平线,保证桩头平整没有块渣,锚入承台不小于100㎜,钢筋锚入不小于35d。
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ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident\inciple.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe\nchargeofwho'sincharge\besafe\nning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing\ness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness\ss,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers'legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod'sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan 8)、桩砼的养护:桩顶标高自然地面标高低时,在砼浇完12h后进行湿水养护时间不少于7d。 4:地下水及流砂处理
桩孔开挖时如地下水丰富时渗水或涌水较大时可根据情况采取以下措施:1)、少量渗水可在桩孔内挖小积水坑,随挖土用吊桶,将泥水起吊出;2)、大量渗水可在桩孔内先挖积水井,设小型潜水泵将底下水排出桩孔外,随挖土随加深积水井:3)、涌水量很大时,可将几根桩超前开挖,使附近地下水汇集于这些桩孔中,用几台潜水泵将地下水抽出,起到深井除水的作用,将附近桩孔地下水水位降低。4)、当挖孔遇到流沙时,一般可以在井孔内设高1-2m,厚 4mm的钢套护筒,直径略小于砼护壁内径,采用砼支护做支点,用小型油压千斤顶逐渐压如土中,阻挡流沙,钢套筒可一个接一个下沉,压入一段开挖一段直至穿过流沙层0.5-1m,在转入正常开挖和设砼支护。 三、质量要求
1、沉渣厚度严禁大于50mm;
2、桩顶允许偏差不得大于-50~+100mm
3、斜桩倾斜度的偏差不得大于倾斜角正切值的15%
4、现浇砼护壁桩径偏差±50mm,垂直度0.5%桩为允许偏差50mm 四、机械设备及材料要求
1)、提升机具包括:1吨的卷扬机配三木塔,活底吊桶; 2)、挖孔工具包括:短柄铁锹,镐,钎。水平运输工具:双轮手推车。
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