1. Mars is cooler, has an atmosphere ________ carbon dioxide and its gravity is a third of that on Earth. A. made for
B. made it
C. made up of
D. made out
2. That meant sales lost in America were partly________ by those gained in fast –growing emerging markets like China A. made up for
15. pick out 选好，选出；认出，看清楚（make out） It took Mary a long time to pick out a new dress at the store.
The box was so dirty (that) we couldn’t pick out the directions on the label.
▲Pick up 拾起；无意买到/顺便去买；得到，染上；（非正式）学到；取某物，接某人；收听到（信号/谣传）；逐步恢复好转；继续（将故事，谈话，友谊） I picked the telephone and asked for the number of the estate office. Don’t forget to pick up the ice-cream on the way home. He has picked up some bad habits at that club. Where did you pick up such a severe cold.
At the next corner the bus stopped and picked up three people.
It should have been possible to pick up signals telling us more about the moon itself. She is picking up wonderfully since she came out of hospital.
We pick up the story again at the point where John has lost his job at the newspaper office. 例题：
The economy ________ a bit since then, but inflation（通胀）remains troubling at over 6%. A. broke up
16. pay back 偿还；报复 (vt.) He paid the money back promptly.
It’s high time he paid me back the $1,000 he owes me. He paid me back by not coming.
You may think you can get away with neglecting your responsibilities, but events will pay you back. ▲Pay off 付清，付掉工资以解雇 (vt.)；有利可图，值得的，没有白费 (vi.) I’ve just paid off my loan from this bank. What a relief!
The workers were paid off just before quitting time, the last day before the holiday. When the building was completed, he paid off the laborers. It was a risk, but it paid off.
John studied hard before the examination, and it paid off. He eventually made 4As. It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it should pay off in the long run. ▲Pay out 付出，老是支付；报复，使得到报应 He’s tired of paying out on school fees and uniforms. They paid out hundreds of pounds in prizes.
When you move into a new house you really have to start paying out (money). I’ve paid him out for the trick he played on me. Wrong-doers are usually paid out in the end. ▲Pay up 偿还（欠债），付（该付的）钱 (vi.) Please pay up all you owe.
If you don’t pay up, I’ll take legal action.
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B. made out of C. made into D. made up of
B. picked up C. made up D. put up
The landlord demanded that the man pay up or go to jail. 例题：
After networking, sending resumes, and waiting patiently by the phone, all your hard work has _______with an invitation to interview. A. paid back
17. Put aside 放一边；存蓄；搁一边（不予考虑）（set aside） He put aside his textbooks when he left school and never reopened them. I’ve a nice little sum of money put aside for a rainy day. Put aside all that has happened and try to start again. ▲Put away 收起来；存蓄；打消（不去想）
If you have finished with those tools, I wish you’d put them away.
He put away all ideas of becoming an M.P.（下院议员）when he found he would again gain nothing by it. ▲Put back 放回原处；耽误，推迟，拨回 (set back)
The strike（罢工）of drivers has put our deliveries back one month. All the clocks should have been put back one hour last night.
▲Put down 放下；写下(take down, write down, set down)；镇压，取缔，责难；让…下车 (put off) Put down that knife before (以免) you hurt somebody! Here’s my address—put it down before you forget.
They introduce measures aimed at putting down, or at least restricting（限制）organized gambling. You needn’t drive the car up to the house; just put me down at the garden gate. ▲Put forward 提出，推荐
It’s an explanation often put forward by our friend; he’s convinced that economics is at the bottom of everything.
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee? ▲Put off 推迟，延期，迟迟不…；使不高兴，引起反感 They decided to put the meeting off until after Christmas. He had to put off an appointment with me on account of illness.
There’s always a temptation to put off doing an unpleasant task as long as one can. He could be a good sales man, but his manner puts customers off. ▲Put on 穿/戴/擦（粉）；带着某种表情，装出；上演；长胖
My friends suggest that I've got to put on my Sunday best if I want to impress the girl. Whenever she was scolded she would put on an aggrieved（委屈的） look.
She claims to be ill, but really there’s nothing wrong with her; she puts it on in order to gain attention. We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success. Rosie's put on five kilos since she quit smoking. （gain weight）
▲Put out 使熄灭，吹/扑灭(go out自动熄灭)；生产，出版(come out不及物)；发表，发出（give out） We just managed to put the flames out before any real damage was caused. The publishers put out fifty new books last season.
The Health Department has put out a warning about dangerous drugs.
▲Put through 接通电话(get sb. through)；使通过（及物短语）（get through） And if a man called Bronse rings up for me, don’t put him through.
These proposals have to be put through several committees before they become part of the constitution. ▲Put up 举起；修建/搭起(set up)；挂上，张贴；住宿，过夜（vi.），留…过宿（vt.）
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B. paid up C. paid off D. paid out
Somebody at the back tried to catch the chairman’s eye by putting his hand up. He always puts up at the Grand Hotel when he’s in town. I’m afraid I can’t put you up; you’ll have to go to a hotel. ▲Put up with 忍受，容忍
If I were you I wouldn’t put up with his behavior any longer.
There are some things that are not easily put up with—and his impertinence（粗鲁）is one. 例题：
1. What we should do is to ________ our differences and work together for our common goal. A. put out A. put off
18. Run across 无意间碰到 (come across)
I ran across one of his earliest recordings in a second-hand shop. ▲Run after 追逐，追求（go after/seek after/pursue） If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. (Prov.) Don’t bother running after the bus—you’ll never catch it. Run away (with/from)走掉，跑开，逃跑(get away) Don’t bother me while I’m reading; run away and play. The thief ran away and the policeman ran after him.
Many times Tommy said he would run away from home, but he never did. (get away from) Some one in the office ran away with the plans of the new engine. ▲Run for 竞选，让…竞选
Mr. William wants to run for governor of the state. The party will run Edwards for mayor.
▲Run into 无意间碰到，和…相撞；撞上，陷入
I was just coming along to see you, sir, when I ran into Wilson.
Let's carry on with the work even though we may run into still greater difficulties. When I ran into trouble while making my model airplane, I asked Uncle Mark to help. I prefer to make sacrifices and pay my bills, rather than run into debt. ▲Run out of 用完，不多了；期满，过期失效
We decided it would be best to go home, before our money ran out. We’d better do our Christmas shopping: time is running out.
Club of Rome once estimated that human beings would run out of oil in 1992. Our supplies are being running out of, so you’d better call the headquarters for help. The lease（租期）on our flat runs out in a few months. 例题：
1. It makes you realize that you don’t always have to ________ time – sometimes, time is a friend whose company you can enjoy. A. run across times ________. A. run out
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B. put through B. put away
C. put off C. put up
D. put aside D. put on
2. As a great French mathematician, his death ________ the development of math for decades.
B. run after C. run into D. run for
2. I always think it is uncommon luck for us to meet together. And the feelings get more strongly with
B. run out of
C. running out
D. running out of
19. Send for 派人去请（取），叫
Since she is seriously ill, we have to send for a doctor at once. She informed him that she was to send for it the next day. ▲Send off 寄出；给…送行
Please see to it that these parcels are sent off at once. You fill in both parts of the form, and then send it off.
The whole family arrived on the quayside（码头周围）to send him off. (see … off) ▲Send out 发出（光亮等）；长出（嫩芽等）
Send out a distress signal（求救信号）; the ship is sinking. Some stars send out vast quantities of radiation. The trees send out new shoots in spring. ▲Send out for 派人去买
We stayed in our hotel room and sent out for food and some beer. ▲Send up 使…上涨；发射，发出
Any increase in production costs is bound to send up prices. A rise in temperature will send up the pressure inside the casing. They have send up several spaceships this year. 例题：
When at school he failed so many times in one subject that the principal had to ________ his parents. A. send off
20. set about 着手（开始做）（get down to doing 着手认真做） We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm. As soon as she arrived she set about tidying up the room.
▲Set side 存蓄，拨出，留下；不讲究，不理会；放在一边，搁置 Each week he tried to set aside a few dollars of his salary. (put aside) I warned them not to do it, but my objections were set aside.
Peter set aside the papers he was marking and reached for his cigarettes and matches. ▲Set back （把钟）拨回；耽误，延误，阻挠
We don’t consider it possible to set back the clock of history. The cold weather set back the planting by two weeks. ▲Set down 放下；让下车；记下，写下；规定
‘I’ve made you a cup of coffee,’ she said, setting it down on the desk.
I will set down the story as it was told to me. (put down/write down/take down) We had to set down rules for the behavior of the members.
▲ Set off 动身，出发，开始跑；燃放（鞭炮等），使…爆炸；引起（做某事），使发火；触 发，引起（突然行动）；衬得好看
After I had finished eating he proposed to set off immediately. Having said farewell to their friends, they set off for home. He went over to set off firecrackers with the Newton children.
Don’t mention the war! You’ll set Grandfather off reminiscing (追忆) for hours! He was so touchy（易怒的）now — a word from her would set him off. That strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country. Careless handling of international relations can set off a war.
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B. send out C. send for D. send up
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