机械工艺夹具毕业设计74车床支架机械加工工艺及夹具设计全套毕业设计

本 科 生 毕 业 论 文（设 计）

题 目： 车床支架机械加工工艺及夹具设计

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专 业： 年 级： 年 春/秋 季 学 号： 学 生： 指导教师： 完成日期： 年 月 日

摘要

本设计上车床支架零件的加工工艺规程及一些工序的专用夹具设计，车床支架零件的主要加工表面是平面及孔系。一般来说，保证平面的加工精度要比保证孔系的加工精度容易。因此，本设计遵循先面后孔的原则。并将孔与平面的加工明确划分成粗加工和精加工阶段以保证孔系加工精度。主要加工工序安排是先加工出底平面，再以底平面定位加工出各个孔系。整个加工过程选用组合机床，夹具选用专用夹具，夹紧可靠，机构可以不必自锁。因此生产效率较高。适用于中批量，流水线上加工，能够满足设计要求。

设计的重点是夹具的设计，由于工件上的孔系都要以底面作为基准加工，故首先得加工出底面，为保证孔的位置和加工准确性我们一定要在加工底面的时间通过画线找出底面的加工余量。这样就可以更好的保证孔系的位置和加工精度。因此工序一中的专用夹具的制造显得尤为重，本次夹具设计中对工序一中铣削夹具进行了设计，提供了一套可使用于中批量生产的，经济性和实用性均良好的夹具设计方案。

关键词：车床，支架，工艺规程，夹具

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目 录

内容摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………1 引 言 ······································································································································ 1 1 绪论 ········································································································································ 1 2 工艺设计 ································································································································ 2

2.1机械加工工艺过程基本知识………………………………………………………………2 2.2机械加工工艺规程的内容······························································································· 3 2.3题目来源 ······················································································································· 6 2.4零件的分析 ··················································································································· 6 2. 5工艺过程设计 ………………………………………………………………8

3 夹具设计 ······························································································································ 13

3.1 夹具的基本知识 ··········································································································· 13 3.2 定位原理及方案分析 ······························································································ 16 3.3 夹具总体设计 ··········································································································· 18 3.4 夹具体的设计 ··········································································································· 20

4 总结 …………………………………………………………………………22

5 致谢 ………………………………………………………………………………23

参考文献 ···································································································································· 24

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引 言

车床作为机电一体化的典型产品，在机械制造业中发挥着巨大的作用，很好的解决了现代机械制造中的结构复杂、精密、批量小、多变零件的加工问题。且能稳定加工质量，大幅度提高生产效率。

在我们学全部基础课、技术基础课之后进行的毕业设计，是我们在对所学各课程的深入综合性的总复习，也是一次理论联系实际的训练，因此，它在我们的大学生活中占据着重要的地位。另外，这次毕业设计，是我毕业工作前的综合性训练，并能在以下三个方面得到锻炼：

（1）运动机械制造工艺学课程中的基本理论以及在生产实习中穴道的时间知识，正确地解决一个零件在加工中的定位，夹紧以及工艺路线安排，工艺尺寸确定等问题，保证零件的加工质量。

（2）提高结构设计能力，通过设计夹具的训练，获得根据被加工零件的加工要求，设计出高效，省力，经济合理而能保证加工质量的夹具的能力。

（3）学会使用手册以及图表资料，掌握与本设计有关的各种资料的名称，出处，能够做到熟练的运用。

通过这次毕业设计，对自己未来将从事的工作进行了一次适应性的训练，从中锻炼了自己发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力，为今后参加工作打下了一个良好的基础。

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