专题 8 阅读填空
【构建知识体系】
考点1细节理解类题型 阅读填空 考点2篇章结构类题型
2017-2019年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计
年份 章节 素材话题 体裁 考点分布 文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所2017 第二节 知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营。 2018 第二节 文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题 文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处。新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有2019 第二节 好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人。 说明文 阅读填空 说明文 阅读填空 记叙文 阅读填空
2017-2019年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计
年份 章节 素材话题 体裁 考点分布 2017 第二节 本文介绍了如何有效应对他人的过渡打搅的方法 2018 2019 第二节 第二节 列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。 文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出说明文 说明文 阅读填空 阅读理解 说明文 阅读填空 了一些方法。 2017-2019年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计
年份 章节 素材话题 体裁 考点分布 2017 2018 第二节 第二节 主要介绍了几条关于调整好生物钟的建议 文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。 作为学生该如何与网络课程的教授进2019 第二节 行相处呢？文中就此提出了该做和不该做的建议。 说明文 阅读填空 说明文 说明文 阅读填空 阅读填空
【考纲解读】
考试大纲 给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选择正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。 考查考生的逻辑思维能力，也就是对上下文之间、层次之间逻辑关系的判断能力 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构，以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）；过渡性句子（文章结构）；注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。 要求 考纲解读 【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
1.【2019·全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe
more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace. ___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 【答案】36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D 【解析】
.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处。新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人。
36. E 根据下一句中“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”呼应。 37. A该空格为主题句。根据空格后下一句“ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of ...”以及本段内容可知，本部分主要讲述新鲜空气可以清洗我们的肺部，A项符合题意。 38. G 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到“康复花园”这一类地点名词，these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39. C 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。C
选项指出身处大自然可以使人精神焕发符合题意。
40. D 由下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。D选项指出获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光符合题意。
2.【2019·全国II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
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