Scotland.
The OED also might include the word “frog-drowner”, which Americans might use to describe a downpour of rain. Another possibility is “brick”. It means “very cold” to people in New Jersey and New York City.
The dictionary has already found that, depending on location, a picture hanging off center might be described as “agley”. It might also be called “catawampous” or “ahoo”.
“The OED aims to cover all types of English,” Maier said. That includes scientific words, slang and regional language. Maier also said that it can be difficult for the OED’s editors to identify regional words. The terms are more often spoken than written down.
The appeal is called Words Where You Are. It is looking for more suggestions. “We were surprised and pleased by the number of regional words we were able to include,” said Maier.
28. Which local word of the following is most likely from regions of the United Kingdom?
A. cuddy wifter B. frog-drowner C. agley D. brick 29. Which of the following statements is true？
A. “Dookers” is closest in meaning to “freezing”.
B. The Oxford English Dictionary is planning to add new words by itself. C. Some regional words are more often written down than spoken .
D. The OED is searching for regional differences in English around the world. 30.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. It is challenging to create a complete collection of regional words.
B. People are not committed to responding to the appeal for regional words. C. People use regional words only when they are home or with close friends.
D. Having an understanding of regional words can be helpful when communicating. 31. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage? A. It’s time to trace the source of local words.
B. The same English words can be used to say different things.
C. Oxford Dictionary will include more regional words from around the globe. D. Oxford Dictionary aims to enlarge its collection to appeal to locals.
D
DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.
The evidence suggests that megaliths, prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes acted as graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The latest findings throw new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this region—a history that has long been hidden in mystery.
For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes—the complete set of genetic material in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five megalithic burial sites in Ireland, Scotland and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.
This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived between 3,800 B.C. and 2,600 B.C., according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were closely related via family ties.
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The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers. This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.
“The people buried in the Ansarve tomb are remarkably different on a genetic level compared to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts, showing that the burial tradition in this megalithic tomb, which lasted for over 700 years, was performed by distinct groups with roots in the European Neolithic expansion,” Magdalena Fraser, co-first author from Uppsala University, said in the statement. 32. What’s the significance of the new findings?
A. It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden. B. It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning DNA analysis.
C. It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related. D. It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago. 33. How did the researchers reach their findings? A. By interviewing individuals. B. By travelling to different regions. C. By studying the burial sites. D. By analyzing genes. 34. Which is true according to the latest findings?
A. All the people buried at megaliths had family relationships. B. Some people buried in the tombs were related to farmers. C. Few people buried in the tombs were genetically different.
D. People buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later. 35. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Megaliths served as tombs thousands of years ago. B. People buried at the megaliths were recently analyzed. C. Stone-Age people in Ireland and Sweden had close ties. D. Latest findings shed light on a mystery about burials.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. It’s important to have a good understanding of different cultures in order to become a well-rounded person. 36
One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion, and way of a life of a particular group of people. 37
Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language. 38 A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn and locate learning programs to help her master the language. Besides, one can enroll in a foreign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. One can also try to visit areas of the city to establish social connection with native speakers of the language.
39 Seek out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries. Food is an important part of different cultures and allows people to gain deep understanding into a particular cultural group’s way of life.
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Communicating with people from other countries through email or snail mail is another useful way to become familiar with different cultures. 40 Various websites offer pen pal services, offering to connect individuals with pen friends around the world.
A. The Internet has made it possible to communicate with others from different countries.
B. There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. C. Trying authentic food from a specific cultural group is also a great idea.
D. One way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world.
E. Stories based on a local culture expose one to a different culture.
F. Making contact with native speakers of the language allows one to gain firsthand knowledge.
G. A variety of language-learning books, software, and audio programs is available.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分) 第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father was born in a small town in the US. He wasn’t sure what he wanted from 41 , but something told him to 42 and begin a new adventure. He began that adventure traveling to cities in the US before going on to Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines. He took my mother and us three daughters with him and went wherever the road 43 him.
It’s easy to feel 44 when you’re on the road. We made lots of new friends on our trip — most of them are mechanics, since we often 45 hours in repair shops. But that was a way much 46 than sitting by the roadside while waiting for the engine to 47 when it was 40℃ outside.
Getting along well sometimes seemed 48 . There were always a lot of 49 , especially among us back-seat passengers about who had to 50 in the middle. But even if it was hard, we learned a lot about 51 . When we were traveling in the Philippines, we drove to Quezon City one day. It should have been an hour’s drive but was nearly three thanks to bad roads and 52 traffic. “Did you put our suitcases in the car?” my father asked my mother as we arrived there. From the back seat, we saw her slowly turn towards my father. “No,” she said. “I thought you did.” That was how a three-hour car trip turned into a nine-hour one, which was mostly spent in 53 .
On occasions like that, we had to learn to let go of our anger because we were 54 in a rolling box with the same people for the rest of the 55 . Even if I sometimes felt like opening the car door and 56 one of my sisters out, I kept my feelings to myself.
This is why road trips were like 57 universities to us. We 58 our PHDs in how to get along with other people just by traveling in our old car.
If we were 59 given a second chance at life, we would do it all over again. Only this time would I put the 60 in the car myself.
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41. A. move B. belief C. experience D. life 42. A. get out B. struggle on C. live up D. walk around
43. A. drove B. took C. served D. controlled 44. A. anxious B. upset C. lonely D. helpless 45. A. wasted B. spent C. worked D. chatted 46. A. easier B. safer C. better D. cleverer 47. A. break down B. turn over C. clear up D. cool off 48. A. impossible B. alternative C. necessary D. available 49. A. discussions B. arguments C. embarrassments D. amusements 50. A. settle B. rest C. watch D. sit 51. A. tolerance B. sharing C. communication D. respect 52. A. light B. quick C. thick D. fast 53. A. sadness B. silence C. panic D. disappointment 54. A. buried B. crazy C. impatient D. stuck 55. A. journey B. holiday C. exploration D. march 56. A. dragging B. sending C. helping D. pushing 57. A. unusual B. common C. mobile D. free 58. A. expected B. earned C. missed D. valued 59. A. somewhere B. anyway C. anytime D. somehow 60. A. suitcases B. phones C. boxes D. books
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
No one has had a 61.__________(great) influence on Western civilizations than the ancient Greeks. The Greek civilization made advances in various fields that 62.__________ (influence) the world so far.
In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization 63.__________ the capital city of Athens, the greatest symbol of 64.__________ is the Acropolis. The Acropolis is a large, flat rock in the centre of Athens, 65.__________ (rise) up high above the city. On top of the Acropolis, there are three main temples to Athena. It is one of the grandest historic 66.__________ (site) in the world.
67.__________, throughout history, the Acropolis hasn’t avoided damage. It has been damaged 68.__________ (part) by natural forces, but the greatest of all has been caused by man. In 1687, an attack from Italy caused the gunpowder packed in Parthenon 69.__________ (explode). In 1801, many of the best sculptures 70.__________ (steal).
In a gesture to preserve history, the Greek government appointed a committee to undertake the repair work of the Acropolis to bring the Acropolis back to its former glory.
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分35分）
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