庐山地区乡土木本色叶植物资源调查

庐山地区乡土木本色叶植物资源调查

通过实地线路调查、标本鉴定及文献查阅等方法，对庐山地区乡土木质色叶植物资源的种类、分布、观赏特性及应用价值进行调查。结果表明：该区有乡土木质色叶植物37科62属84种，以槭树科、大戟科、樟科、葡萄科为主。生活型以乔木类占主要优势，占总种数的64.29%，藤本色叶植物为铺，占10.71%；色叶植物中以落叶植物为主，有63种，占75.00% 。色叶植物分类以秋色叶植物为主，有39种，占46.43%。其次是春秋两季色叶植物28种、春色叶植物15种、双色叶植物2种。对该区色叶植物的应用价值及园林应用形式进行了分析，并就色叶植物的合理应用提出了建议。

关键词：乡土木本植物；色叶植物；资源调查；观赏价值；园林应用；庐山地区

Abstract： The plant species， geographic distribution， ornamental characteristics and landscape value of the native woody colorleafed plants in Lushan region were investigated based on methods of wild investigation， specimen identification and document consulting. The results show that there were 84 the native woody colorleafed plants species in total， belonging to 62 genera and 37 families， mainly in Aceraceae， Euphorbiaceae， Lauraceae and Vitaceae. The arbor colorleafed plants were dominated in the life type， which accounting for 64.29% of the total， while the vine colorleafed plants accounted for only 10.71%； there were deciduous plants 63 species of the native woody colorleafed plants， accounting for 75.00% of the total. The classification of native woody colorleafed plant was given priority to autumn leaf plants， which were 39 species， accounting for 46.43% of the total， followed by 28 species of spring and autumn season colorleafed plants， 15 species of spring colorleafed plants， 2 species of doublecolor leaf plants. At the same time， the application value of the native woody colorleafed plants and configuration forms were analyzed， and some corresponding suggestions on the reasonable application of the native woody colorleafed plants were put forward.

色叶植物是指叶色随着季节变化而变化，即在生长季节中的某段或某个时期呈现绿色以外的其他颜色的植物[1]。色叶植物在国外园林中应用较广，我国对色叶植物的开发利用还处于起步阶段，对乡土色叶植物资源调查、开发及应用研究相对较少[2]。随着人们生活水平的提高和环保意识增强，城市绿化美化建设越来越受到关注和重视，而乡土色叶植物是城市绿化建设不可缺少的部分，对丰富园林景观、美化和保护环境起着十分重要的作用，在城市绿化、美化中受到人们的青睐，其发展前景非常广泛[3-5]。因此，从乡土色叶植物资源中筛选观赏价值较高的新品种显得尤为重要，乡土植物的应用是今后园林建设的热点[6]。庐山野生植物资源丰富，但对乡土木本色叶植物资源调查鲜见报道。因此，对庐山乡土木本色叶植物资源调查与分析，对促进乡土色叶植物资源的综合开发及合理利用、生态环境建设、提升城市景观水平及旅游经济发展具有重要意义。