人教版七年级下册英语各单元知识点 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
◆短语归纳
1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟…说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴
7. play the piano 弹钢琴 8. play the drums 敲鼓 9. make friends 结交朋友 10. do kung fu 练(中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 14.help sb with sth.
◆用法集萃
1. play +棋类/球类 下……棋,打……球 2. play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉……乐器
3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事
4. be good with sb. / sth. 和某人相处地好,善于应付…的,对…有办法
be good to+名词对…友好 be good for+名词 对…有好处 5. need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 6. can + 动词原形 能/会做某事 7. a little + 不可数名词 一点儿…… 8. join the …club 加入…俱乐部 join用作
1)不及物动词,意为“参加,加入”,后面加in,表示参加某项活动
2)用作及物动词,意为“加入到…之中,与一道去”,后接表示人的名词或代词做宾语,表示和这些人一起进行某项活动
3)还用来表示参加军队、政党、组织等,并成为其中一员,相当于become a member of… join the party入党 join the army参军 join the league入团
4) take part in 意思是“参加,参与“,着重指积极参加有组织的活动。 Many students take part in the game.
9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事 10.show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 11. talk about 谈论、议论、讨论。侧重谈论的内容 talk with 两个人的交谈,是指谈话的双方有交流
talk to和某人说话,对某人说。一般指某人在说,对方呈“听”的状态,侧重于一人说,另一人听 12. help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
13. call sb. up打电话给某人 call sb. in招来、叫来 call at 停靠,停留 call for sb.去接某人 14. say指用语言表达思想,着重说话的内容。
speak强调说话的动作、声音,而不强调内容。表示在正式场合发言、演讲或表示说某种语言。 talk表示两个人或多个人在一起讲话、谈论,多指随意谈论。
tell意思是“告诉、讲述、吩咐”,通常跟双宾语。讲故事或笑话多用tell. She loves to stories. He Russian.
Can you it in English?
The teacher with his students. Don’t to the boy.
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◆典句必背
1. Can you draw? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
2. What club do you want to join? I want to join the chess club. 3. You can join the English club. 4. Sounds good./That sounds good.
5. I can speak English and I can also play soccer. 6. Please call Mrs. Miller at 555-3721.
◆语法
1.情态动词can的用法及一般疑问句
Can本身不表示动作,常表示体力或脑力方面的能力 1)肯定句Can+动词原形,能够/会做某事 2)否定式是can’t或cannot+动词原形
3)一般疑问句,把can提至主语前,回答也用can She can swim. --She can’t swim.
--Can she swim? Yes, she can. 4)特殊疑问句
还可以与疑问词一起用在特殊问句中。 Who can swim? 2.选择疑问句
问话人提出两种或两种以上的情况,让对方选择其中一种回答。并列的两部分用or连接,意为“或者…;还是…”。回答不用yes或no,而是从中选择一个正确的回答
Is the car new or old? It’s new. I bought it only three days ago. and or 表示并列关系,前后成分要一致。常用于肯定句 作并列连词时,用于否定句。表示转折时意为“否则” My teacher is kind and helpful. Put on your coat,or you will catch a cold. ◆话题写作 Dear Sir,
I want to join your organization (组织) to help kids with sports, music and English. My name is Mike. I am 15 years old. I’m a student in No. 1 Middle school. I can play the guitar well. I can sing many songs. I can swim and speak English well, too. I think I can be good with the kids. I also do well in telling stories.
I hope to get your letter soon.
Yours, Mike
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
◆短语归纳
1. what time 几点 2. go to school 去上学 3. get up 起床 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 6. get to 到达
7. do homework 做家庭作业 8. go to work 去上班 9. go home 回家 10. eat breakfast 吃早饭 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. get home 到家
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13. either…or… 要么…要么… 14. go to bed 上床睡觉
15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上 16. take a walk 散步 17. lots of=a lot of 许多,大量 18. radio station 广播电台
19. at night 在晚上 20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到
◆用法集萃
1. at + 具体时间点 在几点(几分) 2. eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 3. thirty\\half past +基数词 ……点半 4. fifteen\\a quarter to +基数词 差一刻到……点 5. take a/an +名词 从事……活动
6. from …to … 从……到…… 7. need to do sth 需要做某事
8. 介词 at 常用于具体时刻之前,意义为“在……”,如:at 5:00 在5:00钟。 o’clock=of the clock 表示“……点钟”,其前通常是整点 如:six/seven/eight o’clock 六/七/八点钟。 注:介词at 除了指时间以外,还可指
1)人物的所在之处,如:at my uncle’s home 在我姑姑家, at the station 在火车站. 2)朝向,如:look at me!看我!
3)指速度或价格.如:she buys the book at a good price 她以优惠的价格买了这本书。 9. about与on
释:about作介词,意为“关于、大约、对于”。作“关于”解,可用on代替。 例如:a song about him有关他的一首歌。
on作介词,意为“关于”。侧重于书籍、文章、演讲的严肃性或学术性,指可供专门研究某一问题的人阅读的书籍。 例如:a book on the history 有关历史的书。
注:在动词learn、read、quarrel、hear和名词story后一般用about而非on。 10. tell sb. about sth.告诉某人有关某事的情况。 11.write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.给某人写信。 12. start/begin to do sth.和start/begin doing sth.
13.do homework意为做家庭作业,其中homework为不可数名词,这个短语=do one’s lessons 14. love to do sth.=like to do sth.very much.喜欢做某事,强调具体活动。 love doing sth.=like doing sth. very much则强调习惯。
◆典句必背
1. What time do you usually get up? I usually get up at six thirty. 2. That’s a funny time for breakfast.
3. When do students usually eat dinner? They usually eat dinner at a quarter to seven in the evening. 4. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games. 5. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch.. 6. She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good. 7. Here are your clothes.
? 语法 1. 频度副词
常用于动词be 、情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。也可放在句首表示强调 常见频度副词Never, sometimes, often, usually, always
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1)always 意思是“总是”、“永远”,指的是没有例外,表示动作重复,状态继续,中间没有间断,通常用来修饰动词的一般时态。
例如:We always get up before six o'clock.我们总是六点前起床。
若修饰动词进行时,则有“老是”,“再三地”的意思,带有厌烦、不满、赞美等感情色彩。例如:You are always coming late.你老是迟到。(含有责备的意思)
He is always thinking of others.他总是想着别人。
2)usually(75%)意为“通常”,着重表示已习惯的动作。反义词为:unusually。 例如:They usually have four classes in the morning.他们上午通常上四节课。 They usually do some shopping on Sunday.他们通常星期天买东西。
3)often(50%)意为“时常”、“经常”,表示常常这样,但不总是这样强调动作发生的次数,反义词为: seldom。 例如:She often helps her mother with her housework after school. 放学后她常常帮助母亲做家务。
We often go to see our teacher.我们常去看望我们的老师。 4)sometimes(20%)表示“有时”、“不时”的意思,说明的是偶尔发生的事情或情况。它的位置比较灵活,可置于句首、句中、句末。
例如:Sometimes I come on foot.有时我步行来。
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold here.这里有时,热有时冷。 5)never“从不”,表示否定
★下面的排列更直观地说明了这几个词的频率的\大小\,频率由高到低。 always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never
2. what 意为“多么的,何等的”,用于感叹句中,修饰后面的单数或复数名词,其句式结构为: (1)What a/an +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语! what a good girl she is!她是多么好的女孩啊! (2)What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语! What good girls they are!她们是多么好的女子啊! (3)What +形容词+不可为名词+主语+谓语! What terrible weather it is! 多么恶劣的天气啊!
注:how也可以引导感叹句,how 为副词,在感叹句中修饰动词,形容词或副词: (1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How cold it is! 多冷啊! How hard he works! 他工作多么努力啊! (2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How he loves his son! 他多么爱他的儿子啊!
(3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How tall a tree it is! 多么高的一棵树啊!
3. 由疑问词what time(几点)/when引导的特殊问句。
1)结构:What time +助动词do/does +主语+动词原形,when+助动词do/does +主语+动词原形,“询问某人做某事的具体时间”。
例如:what time do you begin class in the morning?你们早晨几点开课? 注:What’s the time=What time is it?也是用来询问时间,意为“几点了”。 2)回答:it’s…
例如:What’s the time? It’s 7:30.几点了?七点半了。
4. what his job is表示“他的工作是什么 ”,其中,what his job I 作think的宾语。英语中类似的表达很多,它们在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语等。
例如:What she says is very good.她说得很好。(作主语。注意,谓语动词要用单数。) The book is just what you want.这本书正是你想要的。(作表语) I don't know what you say.我不懂你说的话。(作宾语) 5. 英语时刻的表达法:顺读法和逆读法。
[来源学+科+网Z+X+X+K]4
顺读法:钟点数+分钟数。
例如:4:25→four twenty-five,6:58→six fifty-eitht,7:→seven o clock 说明:这种表达不论分钟数是多少,均可使用。
逆读法:分钟为+介词to/past+钟点数,可分两种情况:
1)分钟为不超过半小时,用分钟数+past(/pa:st/过)+钟点数。 例如:4:23→twenty-three past four,5:19→nineteen past five.
2)分钟数超过了半小时,用(所差的)分钟的+to+(下一个)钟点为。 例如:7:31→twenty-nine to eight,10:58→two to eleven 说 明:在逆读法中分钟数逢 “五”逢 “十”可省略minute(s)。否则应加上。当然,英语习惯上把十五分钟(fifteen)称作一刻a quarter(kwo:to),三十分钟(thirty)称为half/half,因此10:30,可以用两种表达方式,half past ten,ten thirty。
6. 一般现在时(to do 句型)
1)句型语序:主语+谓语(行为动词)+宾语+状语
2)主谓一致:主语三单,谓语三单;主语非三单,谓语用原形。 3)句型转换:变疑问句首加do/does,谓语动词用原形;
变否定谓语动词原形前加don’t/doesn’t.
注:一般现在时的第三人称单数动词的变化规则:
(1).一般在动词词尾加“s”。如:like→likes,play→plays。
(2).以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的动词,在词尾加es,如:do→does,teach→teaches,go→goes
(3).以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加es。如:fly→flies, apply→applies study→studies
◆话题写作
主题:谈论日常作息习惯 My School Day
I am a student. I usually get up at seven, and I eat breakfast at seven thirty. Then I go to school at eight. School starts at eight thirty. I eat lunch at twelve. I go home at 17:00. I often eat dinner at 19:00 and then play the piano. I do my homework at 20:00. At 22:00, I go to bed.
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
◆短语归纳
1. get to school 到达学校 2. take the subway 乘地铁 3. ride a bike 骑自行车 4. how far 多远 5. from home to school 从家到学校 6. every day 每天
7. take the bus 乘公共汽车 8. by bike 骑自行车 9. bus stop 公共汽车站 10. think of 认为
11. between … and … 在…和…之间 12. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 13. play with … 和…玩 14. come true 实现 15. have to 不得不
◆用法集萃
1. take… to …= go to … by… 乘…去…
2. How do / does (sb)get to …? …是怎样到…的? 3. How far is it from … to …? 从…到…有多远?
4. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。
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