顺读法:钟点数+分钟数。
例如:4:25→four twenty-five,6:58→six fifty-eitht,7:→seven o clock 说明:这种表达不论分钟数是多少,均可使用。
逆读法:分钟为+介词to/past+钟点数,可分两种情况:
1)分钟为不超过半小时,用分钟数+past(/pa:st/过)+钟点数。 例如:4:23→twenty-three past four,5:19→nineteen past five.
2)分钟数超过了半小时,用(所差的)分钟的+to+(下一个)钟点为。 例如:7:31→twenty-nine to eight,10:58→two to eleven 说 明:在逆读法中分钟数逢 “五”逢 “十”可省略minute(s)。否则应加上。当然,英语习惯上把十五分钟(fifteen)称作一刻a quarter(kwo:to),三十分钟(thirty)称为half/half,因此10:30,可以用两种表达方式,half past ten,ten thirty。
6. 一般现在时(to do 句型)
1)句型语序:主语+谓语(行为动词)+宾语+状语
2)主谓一致:主语三单,谓语三单;主语非三单,谓语用原形。 3)句型转换:变疑问句首加do/does,谓语动词用原形;
变否定谓语动词原形前加don’t/doesn’t.
注:一般现在时的第三人称单数动词的变化规则:
(1).一般在动词词尾加“s”。如:like→likes,play→plays。
(2).以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的动词,在词尾加es,如:do→does,teach→teaches,go→goes
(3).以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i,再加es。如:fly→flies, apply→applies study→studies
◆话题写作
主题:谈论日常作息习惯 My School Day
I am a student. I usually get up at seven, and I eat breakfast at seven thirty. Then I go to school at eight. School starts at eight thirty. I eat lunch at twelve. I go home at 17:00. I often eat dinner at 19:00 and then play the piano. I do my homework at 20:00. At 22:00, I go to bed.
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
◆短语归纳
1. get to school 到达学校 2. take the subway 乘地铁 3. ride a bike 骑自行车 4. how far 多远 5. from home to school 从家到学校 6. every day 每天
7. take the bus 乘公共汽车 8. by bike 骑自行车 9. bus stop 公共汽车站 10. think of 认为
11. between … and … 在…和…之间 12. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 13. play with … 和…玩 14. come true 实现 15. have to 不得不
◆用法集萃
1. take… to …= go to … by… 乘…去…
2. How do / does (sb)get to …? …是怎样到…的? 3. How far is it from … to …? 从…到…有多远?
4. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。
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5. How long does it take to do sth.? …花费多长时间? 6. It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是….
7. Thanks for + n. / Ving 感谢你(做)某事。 8. between和 among
1)among指“在…(三者或三者以上)之间”,其比喻通常是一个数量不明确的复数名词,或含有复数意义的代词,而between则指”在…(两者)之间”,多与and连用,其宾语往往是一个有具体数目的人或物,或者是由and连接的两个具体的人或物
We visit him at his workplace among the young trees.
He says that he can come between 8:00and 9:00 on Wednesday.
2)当between用于三者或三者以上时,强调”两两之间”,侧重指人或物各自独立,而among强调”彼此不分” This village is among the hills.
We have too many desks in our class. There is hardly any room to move between them. 9.boring指事物让人感到无聊,无趣,枯燥,指事物本身无趣,主语是物
bored指人感到无聊,无趣,枯燥,指人感到厌烦,主语是人I never get bored with reading and rereading this book. 10.many修饰可数名词复数,表示许多 how many多少,对名词复数进行提问 Much修饰不可数名词,表示许多
how much对不可数名词的量及价格提问
11.come back回来; come down 下来;come from 来自;come up上来,发生; come out出来,出版; come on加油,改进; come in进来,进入; come over短暂造访
12.get to 后面常接表示地点的名词,若后接home,here,there等副词,则get后省略to arrive不及物动词,后面接地点名词时需加介词in或at,大地点用in,小地点用at reach是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语,一般不接地点副词
? 语法
1. how far意为“多远”,对距离进行提问,答语常用“It’s+数词 +miles/meters/kilometers”也可直接用“数词
+miles/meters/kilometers”
How far is it from your home to school? It’s three miles.
2. how long,意为“多长时间”,表示一段时间,答语常用“For/About+时间段”,也可以对物体的长度进行提问 how long does it take to get there? About half an hour.
3. how soon意为“将过多久,多久以后”,常用在一般将来时中,答语常用“In+时间段” I hear there will be a concert of Sun Yanzi. How soon will it start? In two days.
4. 用介词短语表示交通方式,介词短语在句中作状语 1) 用“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式
By ship/train/plane/taxi/bus/car/bike 2) 用“by+交通路线”表示交通方式
By water/land/sea/air
3) 用“in/out+冠词/形容词性物主代词/指示代词+交通工具名词”来表示。其中,in多用在car等交通工具之间,而
on多用在bike,motorbike,horse,bus,train等工具之前 On a bike, on a bus
4) On foot是固定搭配,表示步行,不能用复数形式。 5. 用动词短语表示交通方式,动词短语在句中作谓语 1) 用“take a the+交通工具名词”表示交通方式
Take a train; take a bus; take a ship; take a plane; ride a bike 2) 用某些动词来表示交通方式
Walk to ; drive to; ride to; fly to
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6. It is+形容词+(for sb.+)to do sth.,意为“(对某人来说)做某事怎么样”
It is difficult to finish the work today.
It’s very important for us to study English well.
7. It takes(sb.) some time to do sth.句型,如果对句中的时间进行提问只能使用how long
◆典句必背
1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. 2. How far is it from your home to school? 3. How long does it take you to get to school? 4. For many students, it is easy to get to school.
5. There is a very big river between their school and the village.
◆话题写作 主题:上学的交通方式 写作思路:开篇点题:点出自己的出行方式;具体内容:自己选择这种交通方式的原因;结束语: 表明自己的观点。
The Best Way for Me to Go to School
Different students go to school in different ways in our school, but I llike to go to school on foot.
First, I live near the school, so my home is not far from my school. And it takes me a few minutes to get there. Second, there is a crossing on my way to school, and sometimes the traffic is very busy. I think it is safer to go to school on foot. Third, I think walking is good for my health. It’s a kind of sport and it makes me study better.
So in my opinion, the best way to go to school is on foot. What about you?
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
◆短语归纳
1. on time 准时,按时 2. listen to … 听……
3. in class 在课上 4. be late for 做……迟到 5. have to 不得不 6. be quiet 安静
7. go out 外出 8. do the dishes 清洗餐具 9. make breakfast 做早饭 10. make (one’s) bed 铺床
11. be noisy 吵闹 12. keep one’s hair short 留短发 13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩 14. play the piano 弹钢琴 15. have fun 玩得高兴 16. make rules 制订规则
◆用法集萃
1. Don’t + 动词原形+其他, 不要做某事。 2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事
5. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 6. be strict in sth. 对某事要要求严格 7. leave sth sp. 把某物忘在某地
8. keep + 宾语+形容词 使……保持某种状态 keep sb. doing sth 让某人继续/不断地做某事 9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事
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10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事 11.Mr /mist / 先生。用于姓前
Mrs /misiz/夫人。用于已婚女子丈夫的姓前。 Miss /mis/ 小姐。用于未婚女子的姓前。
Ms /miz/ 女士。用于婚姻状况不明或不想区分婚否的女子的姓前。 sir /s /先生,阁下。一般单独使用,不与人的姓连用。
Madam /m d m/女士,夫人,太太。一般单独使用,不与人的姓连用。 12.arrive late for = be late for 做某事迟到 Don’t arrive late for school.上课不要迟到。 13.else / other 别的,其他的
else修饰疑问词或不定代词,位于其后。Other修饰名词,位于其前。 What else do you have to do? 你们还必须做什么事?
I have something else to tell you.我还有别的事情要告诉你。 Where are the other boys? 其他的男孩在哪儿? 14.have to / must
1) have to“必须,不得不”,表示客观需要,即受客观条件限制不得不或必须去做某事。 2) must表示说话人的主观看法。
3) must只用于现在时,在表示过去、将来和完成时,用have to 的相应形式来代替must.
My mother is ill, I have to look after my sister at home. 我妈妈病了,我必须在家照看我妹妹。 You must be careful. 你一定要小心。
4)在否定结构中,don’t have to表示“不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止” 15.practice doing sth 练习做某事 16.too much / too many / much too
too much“太多”,修饰不可数名词。 too much water太多水
too many“太多”,修饰可数名词复数。 too many children太多孩子 much too“太”,修饰形容词或副词。 much too small太小 17.after school放学后 after class 下课后 18.on school nights 在上学期间的晚上 19.No talking! 禁止谈话!
No+名词或动名词,表示禁止、不要做某事。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No parking!禁止停车! No swimming! 禁止游泳! No photos! 禁止拍照 No noise!禁止喧哗!
20.I have to be in bed by ten o’clock.我必须在10点之前上床睡觉。 1)in bed “睡觉,卧床”
in hospital在住院 in the hospital在医院里 at table 在吃饭 at the table在桌子边
2)by + 时间:在……之前 by Monday 在星期一之前
by + 交通工具:乘某种交通工具 by the way顺便问(说)一下 21.on time”准时;准点;正点” In time“及时;迟早;终于” 22.hear和listen
hear是及物动词,表示听见,听到,强调听到的结果,可能是竭尽全力地听,也可能是无意识地听Louder,please. I can’t hear you.
hear sb. doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事” hear sb. do sth.“听到某人做了某事”
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