ÔÚÊÕ¼¯µ½Ò»Ð©×¼±¸Òª¹¥»÷Ä¿±êµÄÐÅÏ¢ºó£¬ºÚ¿ÍÃÇ»á̽²âÄ¿±êÍøÂçÉϵÄÿ̨Ö÷»ú£¬À´Ñ°ÇóϵͳÄÚ²¿µÄ°²È«Â©¶´£¬ÒªÌ½²âµÄ·½Ê½ÈçÏ£º[1]
3¡¢½¨Á¢Ä£Äâ»·¾³£¬½øÐÐÄ£Äâ¹¥»÷
¸ù¾ÝÇ°ÃæÁ½Ð¡µãËùµÃµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬½¨Á¢Ò»¸öÀàËÆ¹¥»÷¶ÔÏóµÄÄ£Äâ»·¾³£¬È»ºó¶Ô´ËÄ£ÄâÄ¿±ê½øÐÐһϵÁеĹ¥»÷¡£ÔÚ´ËÆÚ¼ä£¬Í¨¹ý¼ì²é±»¹¥»÷·½µÄÈÕÖ¾£¬¹Û²ì¼ì²â¹¤¾ß¶Ô¹¥»÷µÄ·´Ó¦£¬¿ÉÒÔ½øÒ»²½Á˽âÔÚ¹¥»÷¹ý³ÌÖÐÁôϵġ°ºÛ¼£¡±¼°±»¹¥»÷·½µÄ״̬£¬ÒÔ´ËÀ´Öƶ¨Ò»¸ö½ÏΪÖÜÃܵĹ¥»÷²ßÂÔ¡£[1]
4¡¢¾ßÌåÊµÊ©ÍøÂç¹¥»÷
ÈëÇÖÕ߸ù¾Ýǰ¼¸²½Ëù»ñµÃµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬Í¬Ê±½áºÏ×ÔÉíµÄˮƽ¼°¾Ñé×ܽá³öÏàÓ¦µÄ¹¥»÷·½·¨£¬ÔÚ½øÐÐÄ£Äâ¹¥»÷µÄʵ¼ùºó£¬½«µÈ´ýʱ»ú£¬ÒÔ±¸ÊµÊ©ÕæÕýµÄÍøÂç¹¥»÷¡£[2]
ÀúÊ·ÒâÒå
³¤¾ÃÒÔÀ´£¬´æÔÚÒ»¸öר¼Ò¼¶³ÌÐòÔ±ºÍÍøÂç¸ßÊֵĹ²ÏíÎÄ»¯ÉçȺ£¬ÆäÀúÊ·¿ÉÒÔ×·Ëݵ½20ÊÀ¼Í60Äê´úµÚһ̨·Öʱ¹²ÏíµÄСÐÍ»úºÍ×îÔçµÄARPAnetʵÑéʱÆÚ¡£Õâ¸öÎÄ»¯µÄ²ÎÓëÕßÃÇ´´ÔìÁË¡°ºÚ¿Í¡±Õâ¸ö´Ê¡£ºÚ¿ÍÃǽ¨ÆðÁËInternet¡£ºÚ¿ÍÃÇʹUnix²Ù×÷ϵͳ³ÉΪ½ñÌìÕâ¸öÑù×Ó¡£ºÚ¿ÍÃÇ´îÆðÁËUsenet¡£ºÚ¿ÍÃÇÈÃËüÕý³£ÔËת¡£Èç¹ûÄãÊÇÕâ¸öÎÄ»¯µÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬Èç¹ûÄãÒѾΪËü×÷ÁËЩ¹±Ï×£¬¶øÇÒȦÄ򵀮äËûÈËÒ²ÖªµÀÄãÊÇ˲¢³ÆÄãΪһ¸öºÚ¿Í£¬ÄÇôÄã¾ÍÊÇÒ»ÃûºÚ¿Í¡£[1]
ºÚ¿Í¾«Éñ²¢²»½ö½ö¾ÖÏÞÓÚÈí¼þºÚ¿ÍÎÄ»¯È¦ÖС£ÓÐЩÈËͬÑùÒÔºÚ¿Í̬¶È¶Ô´ýÆäËüÊÂÇéÈçµç×ÓºÍÒôÀÖ---ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚÈκνϸ߼¶±ðµÄ¿ÆÑ§ºÍÒÕÊõÖз¢ÏÖËü¡£Èí¼þºÚ¿ÍÃÇʶ±ð³öÕâ
ЩÔÚÆäËûÁìÓòͬÀಢ°ÑËûÃÇÒ²³Æ×÷ºÚ¿Í---ÓÐÈËÐû³ÆºÚ¿Íʵ¼ÊÉÏÊǶÀÁ¢ÓÚËûÃǹ¤×÷ÁìÓòµÄ¡£µ«ÔÚ±¾ÎÄÖУ¬ÎÒÃǽ«×¢ÒâÁ¦¼¯ÖÐÔÚÈí¼þºÚ¿ÍµÄ¼¼ÊõºÍ̬¶È£¬ÒÔ¼°·¢Ã÷ÁË¡°ºÚ¿Í¡±Ò»´ÊµÄÄĸö¹²ÏíÎÄ»¯´«Í³Ö®ÉÏ¡£[1]
Çø±ð
ºÚ¿Í£¬×îÔçÔ´×ÔÓ¢ÎÄhacker£¬ÔçÆÚÔÚÃÀ¹úµÄµçÄÔ½çÊÇ´øÓаýÒåµÄ¡£ËûÃǶ¼ÊÇˮƽ¸ß³¬µÄµçÄÔר¼Ò£¬ÓÈÆäÊdzÌÐòÉè¼ÆÈËÔ±£¬ËãÊÇÒ»¸öͳ³Æ¡£[1]
ºì¿Í£¬Î¬»¤¹ú¼ÒÀûÒæ´ú±íÖйúÈËÃñÒâÖ¾µÄºì¿Í£¬ËûÃÇÈȰ®×Ô¼ºµÄ׿¹ú£¬Ãñ×壬ºÍƽ£¬¼«Á¦µÄά»¤¹ú¼Ò°²È«Óë×ðÑÏ¡£[1]
À¶¿Í£¬ÐÅÑö×ÔÓÉ£¬Ìᳫ°®¹úÖ÷ÒåµÄºÚ¿ÍÃÇ£¬ÓÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÁ¦Á¿À´Î¬»¤ÍøÂçµÄºÍƽ¡£
ÔÚÖйú£¬ÈËÃǾ³£°ÑºÚ¿Í¸úº§¿Í¸ã»ì¡£Êµ¼ÊÇø±ðºÜ´ó¡£[1]
º§¿Í£¬ÊÇ¡°Cracker¡±µÄÒôÒ룬¾ÍÊÇ¡°ÆÆ½âÕß¡±µÄÒâ˼¡£´ÓʶñÒâÆÆ½âÉÌÒµÈí¼þ¡¢¶ñÒâÈëÇÖ±ðÈ˵ÄÍøÕ¾µÈÊÂÎñ¡£ÓëºÚ¿Í½üÒ壬ÆäʵºÚ¿ÍÓ뺧¿Í±¾ÖÊÉ϶¼ÊÇÏàͬµÄ£¬´³Èë¼ÆËã»úϵͳ/Èí¼þÕß¡£ºÚ¿ÍºÍ¡°º§¿Í¡±£¨Cracker£©²¢Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸öÊ®·ÖÃ÷ÏԵĽçÏÞ£¬µ«Ëæ×ÅÁ½Õߺ¬ÒåÔ½À´Ô½Ä£ºý£¬¹«ÖÚ¶Ô´ýÁ½Õߺ¬ÒåÒѾÏԵò»ÄÇÃ´ÖØÒªÁË¡£[1]
Mainstream society always treats hackers as criminals. The word ¡®hacker¡¯ has been distorted by media because media always shows their illegal behavior.
ByHacker
The fallowing is the meaning in common: 1.
Persons who have enough knowledge about language of coding. And they can create useful applications without long-time thinking.
2.
Persons who love coding and enjoy it. Then they will do it better and better. 3.
Persons who like freedom and are not easy to be constrained. But they think that if they are constrained for the things they love, they will accept it.
Some persons try to crack the system or website to remind the owner of computer that there are some holes in their computer. These people always are called white hat or sneaker. Some of them are the top of the computer company. Their work obey the laws and are good for people.[1]
ÖøÃûÈËÎï
´ú±íÈËÎï
1£®Kevin Mitnick
¿ÎÄ¡¤Ã×ÌØÄá¿Ë£¨Kevin David Mitnick£¬1964ÄêÃÀ¹úÂåÉ¼í¶³öÉú£©£¬ÓÐÆÀÂÛ³ÆËûΪÊÀ½çÉÏ¡°Í·ºÅµçÄÔº§¿Í¡±¡£Õâλ¡°ÖøÃûÈËÎÏÖÄê²»¹ý50Ë꣬µ«Æä´«ÆæµÄºÚ¿Í¾Àú×ãÒÔÁîÈ«ÊÀ½çΪ֮Õ𾪡£[1]
¿ÎÄ¡¤Ã×ÌØÄá¿Ë
2£®Adrian Lamo
°¬µÂÀï°²¡¤ÀĪ£¨Adrian Lamo£©
Adrian Lamo£ºÀúÊ·ÉÏÎå´ó×îÖøÃûµÄºÚ¿ÍÖ®Ò»¡£LamoרÃÅÕÒ´óµÄ×éÖ¯ÏÂÊÖ£¬ÀýÈçÆÆ½â½øÈë΢ÈíºÍ¡¶Å¦Ô¼Ê±±¨¡·¡£Lamoϲ»¶Ê¹Óÿ§·Èµê¡¢Kinkoµê»òÕßͼÊé¹ÝµÄÍøÂçÀ´½øÐÐËûµÄºÚ¿ÍÐÐΪ£¬Òò´ËµÃÁËÒ»¸öÚ»ºÅ£º²»»Ø¼ÒµÄºÚ¿Í¡£Lamo¾³£·¢ÏÖ°²È«Â©¶´£¬²¢¼ÓÒÔÀûÓá£Í¨³£Ëû»á¸æÖªÆóÒµÏà¹ØµÄ©¶´¡£[1]
3£®Jonathan James
ÇÇÄÉÉ¡¤Õ²Ä·Ë¹(Jonathan James£©£¬ÀúÊ·ÉÏÎå´ó×îÖøÃûµÄºÚ¿ÍÖ®Ò»¡£
16ËêµÄʱºòJames¾ÍÒѾ¶ñÃûÔ¶²¥£¬ÒòΪËû³ÉΪÁ˵ÚÒ»¸öÒòΪºÚ¿ÍÐо¶±»²¶ÈëÓüµÄδ³ÉÄêÈË¡£ËûÉÔºó³ÐÈÏ×Ô¼ºÏ²»¶¿ªÍæÐ¦¡¢ËÄ´¦ÏйäºÍÓ½ÓÌôÕ½¡£[1]
Ïà¹ØÍÆ¼ö£º