高考英语复习学案 名词性从句
1.that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略;在宾语从句中有时可以省略,一般需要注意下面两点:
(1)当that从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。如:They share little in common except that they are from the same country.除了来自同一个国家之外,他们几乎没有共同点。
(2)当主句谓语动词后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他的不省略。如:
I believe(that)you’ve done your best and that things will improve.我相信你已经尽力了,而且情况也会得到改善。
2.that与what的区别。that在从句中不能够充当句子成分,也没有含义;what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语,意思是”什么,??的事情”。如:
①The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分,也无含义)
②Wht he said proved to be true.他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语,可以翻译为“??的话”)
3.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制;而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如:
①The news that our team has won the game Was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
②The news that he told me yesterday Was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)
③I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich.我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有。
(同位语从句,补充说明promise的内容)
④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语)
四、经典例题
【2012辽宁卷】34. The newcomer went to the library the other day and scarched for
he could find about Mark Twain.
A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever
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高考英语复习学案 名词性从句 【考点】连词用法。 【答案】C
【解析】介词for后面加的是宾语从句,且从句中find缺少宾语,所以用whatever,选C项 【2012四川卷】17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers. A. when B. how C. that D. whether 【答案】 B
【考点】本题考查名词性从句。
【解析】句意为:科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意,故答案选B。 【2012江西卷】25.It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.
A.whether
B.where
C.which
D.that
【答案】D
【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。
【解析】it作形式主语,真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义,并不充当任何成分。
【2012浙江卷】4. _________ I made a promise to myself______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether
B. what
C. that
D. how
【考点】名词性从句—同位语从句 【答案】C
【解析】that引导同位语从句,在从句中不做句子成分,补充说明同位语promise的内容。 【2012安徽卷】27.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but
he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】B
【解析】首先把插入语generally speaking删掉,选择B.本题考查名词性从句,but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.
【考点】考查名词性从句。
【2012全国新课程】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.
A. how B. which
高考英语复习学案 第 14 页 共 27 页
高考英语复习学案 名词性从句 C. that D. what 【答案】D
【解析】此处it是形式主语,what引导的是主语从句,作真正的主语。What作do的宾语。句意:总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。 【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。
【2012山东卷】25. It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how
B. whether D. why
C. what 【答案】B
【解析】此处it是形式主语,后面whether...or?引导的主语从句是真正的主语,whether...or?意为:是?还是?都行。句意:在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。 【考点】考查主语从句的连接词。
【2012福建卷】35. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 【考点】本句考查连词的辨析 【答案】C
【解析】首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb sth“向某人承诺某事“本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会,不定式做chance的定语,然后就是参加聚会的任何人whoever=anyone who,这样句子就很清晰了,所以划分句子成分非常关键,以前考察whoever都是做状语,而本题考查的是作promise的宾语,挺新颖的。
【2012届河北省普通高考模拟】28.You are sure to know the result,but that’s_______everybody has finished their work.
A. when B. why C. before D. until 【答案】A
【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。句意:你们一定会知道结果,但应是在每个人都完成他们的工作的时候。
【2012届江西省上饶市第一次高考模拟】32. to gain access to seats at college
the seniors are working hard.
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高考英语复习学案 名词性从句
A.That is;\\
B.It is;that
C.What is;that D.Which is;why
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句的用法。此处it是形式主语,that the seniors are working hard
是真正的主语从句。
【2012届江西省上饶市第一次高考模拟】33. he talked about it to reporters
surprised me.
A./
B.That
C.Whether
D.What
【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句的连接词。此处that不作成分,没有意思,只起连接作用。 【2012届四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟】9.We must bear in mind when we watch TV or
surf the Internet or talk on the phone ___ we are enjoying the fruits of man's labor.
A.as B.that C.while D.because
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。此处that we are enjoying the fruits of man's labor when
we watch TV or surf the Internet or talk on the phone是宾语从句。
【2012届甘肃省高三第一次高考诊断】17.--- I don't know ____ makes her different from others.
---Confidence, I think. A.how is it that
C.what is it that
B.how it is that D.what it is that
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句及强调句型。此处know后为宾语从句,宾语从句中有强调句型。句意:---我不知道究竟是什么使他与众不同。---我认为是自信。
【2012届贵州师大附中高三年级检测】18. Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible. A. what C. which 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句的连接词。句意:水是使生命出现成为可能的东西。
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B. that D. how
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