重点核心词汇
1. able
adj. 能够……的；有能力的；能干的
关联词组：be able to do sth.能做某事
用法：be able to与can的区别：can只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式，而be able to可有各种时态。 词性转换：ability n.能力
反义词：unable adj.不会的，无能的
（2019，北京卷，阅读A）It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture. 2. abroad
adv.在国外；到国外
关联词组：study abroad海外留学；work abroad在（到）国外工作 同义词：overseas adv.在国外，在海外 adj.海外的，国外的
（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. 3. absent
adj. 缺席的，不在的
关联词组：be absent from…缺席……；be absent-minded心不在焉 词性转换：absence n.缺席，不在
（2019，河南卷，单项选择）
26.—What’s the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two days. —Oh! He be ill. Let’s go and ask Ms. Brown. A. can B. need C. may D. would 4. accent
n. 口音，音调
关联词组：British accent英式口音；American accent美式口音；local accent乡音，方言
（2019，浙江卷，完形）It s cool! My sister loves the British accent. (口音). 5. accept
v. 接受；认可
accept和receive的区别：receive: 收到（表客观）；accept：接受（表主观） 词性转换：acceptable adj.可接受的；acceptance n.接受，认可
（2019，北京卷，单项填空）
11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted
6. accident
n. （交通）事故；意外
关联词组：traffic accident交通事故；by accident=by chance偶然
词性转换：accidental adj.意外的，偶然的；accidentally adv.意外地
（2019，浙江卷，阅读B）To avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net around them. 7. achieve
vt. 取得；获得；实现；成功vi. 达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果
关联词组：achieve success取得成功 词性转换：achievement n.成就
（2019，山东卷，词汇运用）
49. People who learn ________ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily. 8. act
vt. 行动；表演
关联词组：act as担当，充当
词性转换：action n.动作，行动；active adj.积极的，主动的；actively adv.积极地；activity n.活动
（2019，江苏卷，阅读A）
22. On which day are there two different activities?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. D. Thursday. （2019，山东卷，词性转换）
68. There are about 6,000' languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _________is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act) 9. add
vi. 加；增加；加起来；做加法vt. 增加，添加；补充说；计算…总和
关联词组：add… to…把……加到……上
熟词生义：接着说，补充说。例如：“And don't be late,” she added. 词性转换：addition n.增加，添加物：in addition to…除……之外
（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）
1.- Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday?
- OK. Let's add it to _____________ weekend plan. A. a B. an C. the D. ／ 10. advantage
n. 优点；有利条件
关联词组：take advantage of利用
反义词：disadvantage n.缺点；不利条件
（2019，浙江卷，阅读B）Actually, trampolining has many advantages. 11. advertisement
n. 广告
关联词组：TV advertisement电视广告 词形变换：advertise v.做广告，宣传
（2019，河北卷，任务型阅读）Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products. 12. advice
n. 劝告；建议；忠告
用法：属于不可数名词，表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice
关联词组：give sb. some advice on sth就……给某人提建议；take/follow one’s advice 采纳某人的建议 词性转换：advise（美式） v.劝告，建议：advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝某人（不要）做…… 同义词：suggestion n.建议（可数名词）
（2019，浙江卷，完形）The advice she gave was so ____18____, and I had heard it a million times. 18. A. funny B. simple C. useful D. different 13. afford
vt. 买得起；承担得起（后果）
关联词组：afford to do sth.有经济能力做某事
用法：后面可接名词，代词或to do sth.；常与can, could, be able to连用；通常用于否定句或问句中。 词性转换：affordable adj.负担得起的
（2019，北京卷，阅读D）In the Agricultural（农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills 14. afraid
adj. 害怕的；畏惧的；担心的
用法：be afraid to do…害怕做……；be afraid of (doing) sth.担心（做）……；be afraid+ 从句
（2019，山东卷，阅读C）The king felt afraid. “Fairy,” he shouted, “take away this 47 gift!” 15. against
prep. 对着；反对
1对着，倚靠：against the wall靠着墙 ○
2反对，对抗：be against sth.反对……；fight against同……作战（斗争）；play against与……对赛 ○
3对……不利：She has said nothing against you.她并没有说任何对你不利的话。 ○
（2019，江苏卷，完形）
Why is Song He Lou so special ___14___ hundreds of restaurants? 14. A. between B. against C. among D. beyond 16. agree
vt. 同意；赞成；承认vi. 同意；意见一致
用法：agree with sb./sth.赞成（同意）……；agree+从句 词性转换：agreement n.协议，同意，一致 反义词：disagree v.不同意
（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）
4.-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning. -I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven. A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't 17. alive
adj. 活着的；有生气的
关联词组：keep…alive使……活着 alive与lively的区别：alive指的是“有生命的，活着的”，一般被放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面；而lively指的是“活泼的，有活力的，栩栩如生的”，一般被放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。
（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）
6.Love your parents __________ they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late. A. while B. though C. because D. unless 18. allow
v. 允许；准许
关联词组： allow sb. to do…允许某人做；allow doing…允许做…… 词性转换：allowance n.津贴；允许
（2019年，浙江卷，单项填空）
6.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you _________ copy the article you need on the machine over there. A. can B. must C. should D. would 19. alone
adv. 独自，单独；adj.单独的，独自的
关联词组：go alone单独去，一个人去；leave sb. alone.不管，不打扰，让某人一个人呆着 alone和lonely的区别：
1alone通常用作副词，充当状语，也可以用作形容词；lonely只能用作形容词。 ○
2alone是指行为或动作上的，意为单独，独自；lonely是指心灵上的，意为寂寞，孤独。 ○
（2019年，浙江卷，完形）I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends. 20.angry
adj.生气的；愤怒的
关联词组：angry with sb.生某人的气；angry about sth.因……生气；angry at对……发怒（生气） 词性变化：angrily adv.生气地，愤怒地；anger n.怒气，愤怒
（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）Liu was angry because Ran refused 70 (stop) the bus after she missed her station. 21. answer
n. 答案；v. 回答
用法：表示“……的答案”要用介词to，即the answer to sth.
（2019年，江苏卷，完形）
However, I've found the ___12___ to this question. 12. A. attention B. excuse C. answer D. distance 22. any
pron.（无论）哪一个，任何，任一；adj.（用于疑问句、否定句）任何的，一些
1与any相关的复合不定代词：anybody/anyone任何人；anything任何事 ○
2与any相关的复合不定副词：anyway无论如何，不管怎样；anywhere在任何地方 ○
（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）
3.- Keep quiet! I need complete__________ when I'm working. -Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again. A. trust B. silence C. control D. strength （2019年，江苏卷，单项填空） 10.-Simon, where do you want to eat? -_______________. I eat anything. A. I don't mind B. My Pleasure C. Good idea D. Certainly not 23. appear
vi. 出现；显得；似乎
1表示“出现”时，为及物动词，后面不接宾语，也不能用于被动语态； ○
2表示“显得，看起来；似乎，好像”时，为系动词，后可接名词、形容词、to do作表语； ○
3it appears + that从句：表示“看来……，似乎……”。 ○
词性转换：appearance n.出现，来到；外貌，面貌 反义词：disappear v.消失
（2019年，浙江卷，阅读C）The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century. 24. arrive
vi. 到达
用法：arrive at/ in（小地方用at，大地方用）= get to（后接home, here, there时,省to）= reach 词性转换：arrival n.到达，来到
（2019年，江苏卷，词汇检测）
42. Miss Zhang ____________（订购）a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasn't arrived yet.
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