Unit 4语法复习
虚拟语气复习
一、用于if条件句
1. If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
2. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.
3. I you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 4. I you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
5. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
6. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 7. Had you taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 8. Were it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
9. Should he not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 10. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.
11. What would you do with a million dollars?(=_____________________________) 12. We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help/but for your help. (=___________________________________________)
13. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.
(_______________________________________________________________________) 14. He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or i would have known nothing about it. 15. A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. 16. I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.
17. Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly. 二、用于名词性从句
1. I wish that I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 2. I wish that i had met that film star yesterday. 3. How I wish it weren't raining now! 4. If only I were a flying bird! 5. If only I had seen the film!
6. The doctor ordered that the patient should be sent to hospital without delay. 7. He suggested that we should start off early the next day. 8. They insisted that the boy should go with them.
比较： The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
9. I'd rather they didn't hear of the news.
10. It's suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week. 11. It is strange that he shoudl have acted toward his parents like that.
比较： It's strange that he didn't come yesterday.
It's a pity that you can't dance.
12. My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.
13. We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sightseeing. 三、其它
1. He looks as if he were an artist.
2. She speaks English so hard as if she had studied English in America. 3. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the USA. 4. It's high time that you went to bed/you should go to bed.
? 虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）
是一种特殊的谓语动词形式，用来表示一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令、猜测、可能、空想等。如：
How I wish I were a bird！我多么希望我是一只小鸟！
I suggest you (should) go to have a walk.我建议你去散散步。 虚拟语气的应用 1. 用于条件句
1）条件句的从句和主句的谓语动词形式 条件从句 主 句
与现在事实相反 过去式（be的过去式一律用were ）would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词 与将来事实相反 should+动词原形
were to+动词原形 would/should/could/ might+动词原形 例如：
If I were you, I should do it.如果我是你的话，我就要做这件事。（与现在事实相反） If he had come a few minutes earlier, he would have met me.如果他早来几分钟，他就见到我了。（与过去事实相反）
If you were to come tomorrow, I should ask you to help me with my work.如果你明天来，我就请你帮助我做这件工作。（与将来事实相反） [注]此表可以灵活运用：
①用进行时替换相应的一般时，如用过去进行时代替一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反。 ②用完成进行时替换相应的完成时，如用过去的完成进行时替换过去完成时，仍表示与现在事实相反。 如：
If it had been raining yesterday, I would not have come here.如果 昨天还在下雨的话，我就不会到这里来。
2） 虚拟语气谓语动词的形式一般不受主语的人称和数的影响，但主语的人称对主句中should和would的使用还是有一定影响。英国英语的第一人称常用should，其他人称用would；美国英语中，无论第几人称都常用would。情态动词could, might等除了可以用于主句外，有时也可以用于从句。 3) 混合型的条件句
按照条件句的谓语动词形式表，其主句和从句的谓语动词是相互呼应的，有着固定的搭配关系。但有时主句和从句的谓语动词并不是相互呼应，这种条件句叫做混合条件句, 又称为错综时间条件句。较多见的混合条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），主句用一般时（指目前状态）。如：
He would pass the test if he had taken my advice.如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。 4) 虚拟条件句的省略情况
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