南通市2017届高三第一次调研测试 英 语 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
21. The argument doesn’t hold much ground ______ family backgrounds offer graduates an advantage in the career competition nowadays. A. where B. that C. which D. when 22. —Why are you so upset, Mary?
—My boss ______ fault with me. He is not so kind as you think.
A. always finds B. is always finding C. has always found D. always found
23. Thanks to the efforts of the last three years, there has been a ______ change in the infrastructure construction of our city. A. tentative B. confidential C. fundamental D. conventional
24. We are creating a new vision for public health ______ all of society work together to get healthier and live longer. A. which B. whom C. where D. when
25. According to the regulations, most of our flights have a baggage ___of 22 kilograms per passenger.
A. gravity B. session C. punctuation D. allowance
26. ______ you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life. A. Even if B. Now that C. As though D. In case
27. I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I __ the task on schedule. A. would accomplish B. might have accomplished C. must have accomplished D. could accomplish
28. Many natural disasters took place across the country, ______ severe losses on people’s life and property.
A.to have brought B. only bringing C. only to bring D. having brought 29. When he ______ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car.
A. paid B. would be paying C. was to pay D. had paid
30. Schools in our city provide a variety of optional classes to ______ students of different levels. A. cater to B. switch to C. object to D. submit to 31. The computer program of the 1970s was unable to ______ between letters and numbers. A. discriminate B. conclude C. negotiate D.compensate
32. ______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
A. Being attached B. Attached C. Attaching D. Having attached 33. —You stayed up late again last night?
—Yes. I had to ______ the lost time last week. A. count on B. appeal to C. take away D. make up 34. —What do you think it is that has contributed to his huge success? —______he keeps focused on what he is doing. A. Because B. How C. Whether D. That
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第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half-empt？Such clichés （陈词滥调）are 36 questions, as researchers examine with great care the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can 37 you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, 38 , to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to 39 , loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like protecting them against these 40 illnesses.
Your abilities count but the belief that you can succeed 41 the result. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to 42 himself. “I’m not good at this,” he says. “I always fail.” But the optimist looks for other 43 . Negative or positive, you are what you think. If people feel hopeless they don’t 44 to acquire the skills they need to succeed.
A sense of control is the real test for 45 . The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he 46 quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and 47 for advice. The pessimist feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, since he 48 nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessness 49 the body’s immune system. The pessimist doesn’t take good care of himself. Feeling passive and unable to avoid life’s 50 , he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He eats junk food, avoids exercise, and 51 the doctor.
Most people are a(n) 52 of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other. It is a pattern of 53 learned at our mothers’ knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or 54 , negative statements or positive ones. Pessimism is a hard habit to 55 but it can be done. So, if you are a pessimist, there are ways.... 36. A. specific B. scientific C. physical D. universal 37. A. help B. force C. forbid D. train 38. A. for instance B. at best C. in fact D. by contrast 39. A. kindness B. carelessness C. passion D. depression 40. A. severe B. mental C. terminal D. major 41. A. challenges B. contradicts C. affects D. abuses 42. A. correct B. comfort C. assist D. blame 43. A. excuses B. opportunities C. explanations D. advantages 44. A. bother B. agree C. wait D. hesitate 45. A. ambition B. success C. conscience D. courage 46. A. runs B. acts C. quits D. turns 47. A. standing up B. making up C. looking out D. reaching out 48. A. suspects B. denies C. assumes D. pretends 49. A. weakens B. restores C. improves D.defends 50. A. aims B. gifts C. blesses D. blows 51. A. consults B. ignores C. praises D. follows 52. A. result B. option C. mix D. image 53. A. thinking B. behavior C. expression D. complaining 54. A. pressures B. favours C. criticisms D. encouragements 55. A. develop B. assess C. break D. understand
第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
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A
Maximize your holiday budget
When it comes to planning a summer getaway, don’t leave money matters to the last minute. It’s wise to get the money matters in the bag first. Travel insurance
Leaving your travel insurance to the last moment is potentially the costliest holiday mistake you can make. Travel insurance doesn’t just protect you from illness and theft when you’re away—it starts as soon as you buy it. This comes into use if you find you need to cancel your trip due to things such as illness or the death of a travelling companion. So it makes sense to get this sorted as soon as you make your first booking. Travel money
The worst place to switch your cash into foreign currency is at the airport or ferry port. You’ll find the poorest exchange rates here as they know you’ve no other options. Buy your money at least a week before you go. The best rates can usually be found from specialist brokers, which are often also better than high-street banks. There are exchange-rate comparison websites such as Travel Money Max, which will let you know what you’ll get at the different locations. A budget
It might not be the most fun thing to think about, but it’s arguably the most important of them all. Work out how much you can afford to spend when you’re away to avoid any nasty surprises when you get home. It’s helpful to have a daily budget that you adjust up and down if you spend more or less.
56. If you buy travel insurance, you will be compensated ______.
A. when you cancel your trip casually B . when a tourist guide dies on the way
C. when you are ill before starting a trip D. when your money is stolen during the trip 57. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. It makes sense to work out a daily budget in advance. B. You’ll know different locations at Travel Money Max. C. It costs the least to buy your money in high-street banks. D. You will experience unpleasant surprises after your trip. B
New study suggests angler education can benefit sharks
A new study finds fisher education can help protect vulnerable (易受攻击的) shark populations. The research, led by University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science scientists, showed that recreational anglers (钓鱼者) were more supportive of shark management and conservation if they had prior knowledge of shark conservation. “The recreational fishing community has a long history of supporting marine conservation efforts, so there is great value in trying to understand which factors affect their behavior and decision making, especially for threatened species such as sharks,” said Austin Gallagher, UM adjunct assistant professor and lead author of the study.
The researchers interviewed 158 recreational anglers in South Florida about their attitudes towards shark conservation. They found that many catch-and-release anglers recognized that sharks can suffer from post-release mortality (死亡) but it is still an under-appreciated consequence, particularly for species that are born sensitive, such as hammerheads (双髻鲨). The data also revealed that many recreational anglers are supportive of marine protected areas for threatened shark
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species, although climate change is a larger perceived threat to sharks than recreational fishing.
“Anglers generally care about shark conservation, but are unaware of some potential threats from recreational fishing and how they can best modify their angling techniques to improve survivorship of released sharks,” said co-author Neil Hammerschlag, research assistant professor at the UM Rosenstiel School and UM Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy.
According to the authors, the findings suggest a need for increased education and outreach on the impacts of catch-and-release angling on sharks to improve survival rates and conservation of threatened sharks.
“Our study identifies important disconnects between existing scientific evidence on the impacts of recreational fishing on certain shark species and existing conservation beliefs among anglers,” said Gallagher. “This is a good starting point for new conversations on sustainability within the fishing community.”
58. According to the passage, we can make anglers play a role in protecting sharks by ______. A. managing them quite differently B. providing other recreational activities
C. equipping them with necessary information D. helping them to make much better decisions 59. More released sharks could have survived ______.
A. if they were sensitive species B. if they had been angled scientifically C. if the climate hadn’t changed so much D. if they stayed out of protected areas 60. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Recreational fishing has little effect on protecting sharks.
B. Many recreational anglers are actually for marine conservation. C. The fishing community will surely gain sustainable development. D. The fishing community are willing to give up angling sharks.
C
Given that motivation is so central to our lives, what do we truly understand about how it operates and about its role in our lives? The assumption is that it’s driven by a positive, external reward. Do this, get that. But the story is much more complex.
One of the most striking aspects of motivation is that it often drives us to achievements that are difficult, challenging and even painful. You may think that you would be happy to spend all your time sitting on a white-sand beach drinking and that as long as you get to fill your days this way, you would be happy forever. But while a few days of enjoyment might be fun from time to time, I can’t imagine that you would be satisfied by spending your days, weeks, months, years and even your life this way.
Research that examines the differences between meaning and happiness finds that the things that give us a sense of meaning don’t necessarily make us happy. Moreover, people who report having meaningful lives are often more interested in doing things for others, while those who focus mostly on doing things for themselves report being only superficially (表面的) happy. The essential quality of “meaning” has to do with having a sense of being involved in something bigger than the self.
We all know people obtain a great sense of meaning even in the most unpleasant of circumstances. Many volunteers spend portions of their lives working in dangerous, war-torn areas trying to keep disease and death from innocent civilians or teaching orphans to read. Their pain is real; their sense of doing something truly meaningful is substantial (丰富的). They show how our deep-rooted desire to believe that our lives have purpose beyond our lifespan drives us to work extra
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