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电动物流汽车驱动电机的应用现状及发展趋势
作者:李树金
来源:《物流科技》2017年第03期
摘 要:随着我国快递业务井喷式的发展,物流车辆的数量也在快速增长。在能源制约、环境污染等大背景下,我国政府把发展电动物流汽车作为解决能源及环境问题、实现可持续发展的重大举措之一,各汽车生产企业也将电动物流车作为抢占未来汽车产业制高点的重要战略方向。电机作为电动物流汽车的关键部件,目前使用较多的是交流异步电机、永磁同步电机和开关磁阻电机,这些电机各自都有优缺点。从技术发展角度来看,永磁化电机将是一个发展趋势。同时,从车用电机的安装方便性等方面来看,轮毂电机将是电动物流汽车的最理想的驱动方式。
关键词:电动物流汽车;电机;现状与趋势 中图分类号:F253.9 文献标识码:A
Abstract: With the development of China's express delivery business blowout, a rapid growth in the number of logistics vehicles. In the context of energy constraints, environmental pollution, our government put the development of electric vehicles as a logistics solution to energy and
environmental problems and realize the sustainable development of one of the major initiatives, the auto production enterprises will also electric car logistics as an important strategic direction grab the commanding heights of the auto industry in the future, the key components of the motor for electric vehicle logistics is currently using more ac asynchronous motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor and switched reluctance motor, the motor has advantages and disadvantages of each. From the angle of technological development, permanent magnetic motor will be a development trend. At the same time, from the point of automotive electrical installation convenience, etc, will be electric logistics hub motor car driving mode of the ideal.
Key words: electric automobile logistics; the motor; current situation and trend
电动物流汽车是新能源汽车中发展较快的一个类型。新能源汽车用的驱动电机要满足频繁启/停、加减速,爬坡或低速时能提供较大转矩,在高速行驶时提供小转矩高转速,而且变速范围要宽。由于新能源汽车车载能源为动力电池,容量有限,为获得最大的行驶里程,大多数车辆都采用了能量回馈技术,即在汽车制动时,通过控制器将车轮损耗的动能反馈到电池中,并使电机处于发电状态,将发出的电输送到电池中[1]。因此,电动汽车的驱动机不能单纯的称为电动机,而应称为电机。
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