C.broughtupD.brought
15—Youlookverypale.You__________verytired. —Ididn’tsleepatalllastnight. A.mustbe B.musthavebeen C.canbe D.canhavebeen
第四课时：Usinglanguage
预习导学： I.填空： AmEnglish BrEnglish Fall movie truck mail petrol rubber football Chinese 电梯 公寓 underground II.单元重点句型详解 1.强调句式
⑴.Itis／was…that／who…句型表示强调。
被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。例如：
Hemetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.他昨天在公园碰见一个老朋友。 上述句子可以通过强调句型对除谓语以外的不同成分进行强调。如： Itwashewho/thatmetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.(强调主语) Itwasanoldfriendthat/whohemetintheparkyesterday.(强调宾语) Itwasintheparkthathemetanoldfriendyesterday.(强调地点状语) Itwasyesterdaythathemetanoldfriendinhepark.(强调时间状语)
⑵.如果强调的是特殊疑问句，要用“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+…”结构。例如： Whowasitthatyouwanttosee? 你究竟想见谁？
Wherewasitthatyousawtheteacher? 你到底在哪里看见老师的？
⑶.如果强调not…until结构中until后的时间状语，须把not一起提前。例如： ItwasnotuntilIhadreadyourletterthatIunderstoodthetruestateofaffairs.
2．“除...外...”表达辨析exceptfor,except,exceptthat,but,besides和apartfrom的中文意思均为\除...外\，但其具体用法不尽相同。
⑴besides“除……以外，还有…”作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”。
WellallwenttothecinemabesidesTom.除了Tom外，我们都去了电影院。 Itwastoolatetoseeafilm,andbesides,Iwastired. ⑵except除去，除……之外（不再有）。
WeallwentexceptJohn.我们都去了，约翰没有。
⑶exceptfor除了……（对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明）后接名词、代词或what从句，此时与exceptthat+句子意思相同。
Hewasverycleverexceptforcarelessness.
Heisagoodmanexceptforhottemper.=Heisagoodmanexceptthathehashottemper.他是个好人，除了脾气不好而已。
⑷exceptthat…除了……一点以外。
Hehasnotchangedexceptthatheiswearingdarkglasses. ⑸but与except
but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用，但应注意以下三点： *前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时，多用but。 Allbutonearehere.
NobodybutIlikesmakingmodelships.
*后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用but。
Hehasnothingtodobutwait.（but前有do,does,did时,but后省to,反之，则一般带to） *but与一些固定结构连用。
havenochoicebuttodosth.只得做某事，cannotbutdosth.不得不,cannothelpbutdosth.不得不……，butfor…如不是……
⑹.apartfrom:其含义主要依据上下文而定，有时可与except换用，有时可代替besides. Apartfromthecost,thehatdoesn'tsuitme.除价钱太贵，这帽子也不适合我戴。 Therearetenpeopleinthequeueapartfromme.除我之外，还有十人在排队。 3.direction
inalldirections朝四面八方
underthedirectionofsb=underone’sdirection在某人的指导下 inthedirectionof朝着…方向 fromthedirectionof从…方向
follow/obey/listentoone’sdirection听从某人的指导 ⑴Thediretion____whichthepresidentwouldgowaskeptsecret____safetyconcern. A.for;overB.from;about C.in;forD.at;as ⑵Generallyspeaking,when____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect. A.takingB.taken
C.totakeD.tobetaken ⑶.she______(问了方向)andthentellsherfriends. ⑷.Tomwentoff__________________andHarryinanother. ⑸.Hedidthework________________.(在我的指导下) 答案：C/B/inonedirection/undermydirection 4．contain,include,cover区别：
Contain整体包括部分AcontainsBA与B是不同类事物或者一个容器中容纳的东西
IncludeAincludesBA与B是同类事物，常用两种表达方式：includingsth/sb=sb’sthincluded Cover钱够...之用；足以支付
⑴．----Howcomeasimplemeallikethiscostssomuch?
-----Wehave____inyourbillthecostofthecupyoubrokejustnow. A.addedB.included C.containedD.charged
⑵Weallwent,______Mary.=Weallwent,Mary_______. ⑶-----Will$200____thecostofthedamage?-----I’mafraidnot.Ineedatleast100more. ⑷Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbag______hispassport,IDcardandalotofmoney. 答案：B/including…included/cover/containing 5．comeup上升；上来；被提出
comeupwith找到或提出（答案或方法等） comeabout发生 comeupto达到
comeacross（偶然）遇见；碰到 用come有关短语填空： ⑴Wouldyou_________myflatforavisit? ⑵Thequestion_______atthemeetingwhetherwehadenoughmoney. ⑶She____________newideaforincreasingsales. ⑷I________childrensleepingunderbridges. ⑸Canyoutellmehowtheaccident_________?
答案：comeupto/cameup/cameupwith/cameacross/cameabout
实战演练
介词、副词填空
1.Willyoubeathome________Christmas? 2.Scientifictheoriesmustbebased_____facts. 3.—Alice,youarewanted_______thephone. —I’mcoming.Thanks.
4.Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_______?
5.Hedidn’texplain______uswhyhewaslate,whichmadeusunhappy. 6.Sorrymum,Ican’tfindthekey______the door.
7.Pleaseturn_____thelightswhenyou leavetheclassroom..
8.Itisimpolite_________youtosay rudewordstoyourclassmates.
9.Themaninsisted_____findingataxifor meeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby. 10.Areyoufond_____stayinghere? 反馈检测
根据汉语补全句子
1．翻译是指把一种语言译成另一种语言的人。
__________isapersonwho________oneintoanother__________. 2．被邀请来参加聚会是我的荣幸。
_____________________tobeinvitedtotheparty.
3．这本书是以一个发生在1930年的真实故事为背景的. Thebookis___________atruestorythathappenedin1930. 4．信不信由你,我们学校离车站很近.
___________________,ourschoolisclosetothebusstation. 5.因为暴风雨他没有去那儿。
____________________thestormhedidn'tgothere. 阅读理解
HenryFordwasthefirstpersontobuildcarswhichwerecheap，strongandfast．Hewasabletose11millionsofmodelsbecausebecouldproducetheminlargenumbersatatime；thatis，hemadeagreatmanycarsofexactlythesamekind．Ford’sfatherhopedthathissonwouldbecomeafarmer，buttheyoungmandidnotliketheideaandhewenttoDetroit（底特律）whereheworkedasamechanic（机械师）．Bytheageof29，in1892，hehadbuilthisfirstcar．However，thecarmadeinthisway，thefamous“ModelT”didnotappearuntil1908—fiveyearsafterFordhadstartedhisgreatmotorcarfactory．Thiscarshowedtobewell-knownthatitremainedunchangedfortwentyyear．SinceFord’stime，thiswayofproducingcarsinlargenumbershasbecomecommoninindustryandhasreducedthepriceofmanygoodswhichwouldotherwisebeveryexpensive． 1．HenryFordwasthemantobuilt_____cars． A．cheapandstrong B．cheapandlong C．fastandexpensive D．strongandslow
2．Fordwasabletosellmillionsofcars，because_____． A．hemademanygreetcars B．hiscarsaremany
C．hemadelotsofcarsofthesamekindD．bothAandB 3．Theyoungmanbecameamechanic，_______． A．whichwashisfather’swill B．whichwasagainsthisownwill C．whichwasagainsthisfather’swill D．whichwasthewillofboth
4．The“ModelT”wasveryfamous_____． A．before1908
B．between1982and1908 C．before1892 D．after1908
5．Fordbuilthisowncarfactory A．in1903 B．in1908 C．in1913 D．in1897
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