学海无涯 Unit 3 Under the sea
核心单词 1. witness
vt. 当场见到；目击 vi. 作证
n. 目击者；证人；证据
We all came to witness history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa McAuliffe.
我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔·麦考利夫历史性的飞行。 He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building. 他作证看到那个男人进入这栋建筑物。
Life without a friend is death without a witness. 在世无朋友,死后无证人。 常用结构：
give witness on behalf of sb. 替某人作证
be a witness to ... 是……的目击者 witness to sth./doing sth. 为某事作证 bear/give witness to sth. 作证;证明某事 高手过招 单项填空
Many people the car accident, so it was not difficult to investigate.
Witnessed B. Harnessed C. Swallowed D. Drugged
解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：许多人目击了那场车祸，因此不难调查。witness目击；harness控制；利用； swallow吞掉；drug下药；使服药。 2. drag
vt. 拖；拉；扯
n. 令人厌烦的人/事；累赘 常用结构：
drag behind 落在后面 drag in 扯进来 drag sb. down 使某人沮丧 drag on 拖延
Her skirt dragged on the floor. 她的裙子拖在地上。 易混辨析
drag/draw/pull
drag 表示费力，缓慢而艰难地“拉、拖”较重的物体。 draw 表示从容地“拉、拖”。
pull 表示突然、急速地“拉”，方式不限。 We dragged the fallen tree from the road. 我们把倒在路上的树拖到一边。 Draw your chair up to the table. 把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边来。
Five monkeys pull the elephant.
学海无涯
五只猴子在拉大象。 高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①那个国家卷入了战争之中。 ②她把她的孩子强拉到牙科诊所。
答案： ①The country was dragged into the war. ②She dragged her child to the dentist’s.
3. urge
vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策 常用结构：
urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth.
力劝某人某事；催促某人某事 urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事 urge that ... 主张……（用虚拟语气） He waved his hand as if urge us on. 他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。
They urged me to eat the strange food. 他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。
She urged that I (should) apologize to him. 她主张我应该向他道歉。 联想拓展
urgency n.紧急，迫切，急迫 urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的;执拗的 In case of urgency, call the police. 一旦发生紧急情况，打电话给警察。 They were urgent in their demands. 他们坚持他们所提出的要求。 高手过招 单项填空
The captain urged his team make greater effort. With B. on C. of D. To
解析：选D。句意为： 船长鼓励他的团队要加把劲。urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事。
4. abandon
vt. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃 常用结构：
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事 联想拓展
abandonment n. \\[U\\]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃 abandoner n. 放弃者；遗弃者；投保者 abandonee n. 承保人；被遗弃者 abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；无拘束的
学海无涯
易混辨析
abandon/desert/give up
abandon强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。 desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。 give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃。 The match was abandoned because of bad weather. 比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。
Never desert your friends.永不遗弃朋友。 He persuaded me to give up my plan. 在他的劝说下，我放弃了那个计划。 高手过招 单项填空
As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are in the countryside. （2010·01·山东青岛模块检测）
A. Abandon B. to abandon C. Abandoning D. being abandoned 解析：选D。此处老人和遗弃为被动关系，故选D。 5. aware
adj. 意识到的；知道的 常用结构：
be／become aware of sth. 意识到某事
be aware that-clause 知道……；意识到…… make sb.aware that-clause 提醒某人注意……
make sb.aware of ... 让某人注意到…… He wasn’t aware of the danger.他没有意识到危险。 Is she aware that I’m coming? 她知道我要来吗? 联想拓展
unaware adj.不察觉的；不知道的 awareness n. 知道；意识 温馨提示
aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。 高手过招
用适当的介词或aware的适当形式填空
①When you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously aware situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
②The principal didn’t seem to be aware there should have been so much dispute about the decision.
③Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise about AIDS.
④Mike seems of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it. 答案：① of ② that ③awareness ④unaware
6. hang
v.悬挂;吊;施以绞刑;垂下
学海无涯
The boy hung his head in shame. 那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。 联想拓展
hang back 踌躇不前；退缩 hang down 下垂；低下头
hang on to 紧紧握住；坚持下去
hang on 抓紧；取决于；不挂断电话 hang about=hang around 徘徊；荡来荡去 hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千钧一发
hang it doubt 疑惑不决
hang up 悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话 高手过招 单项填空
I was so angry that I on him. A. hung down B. hung up C. hanged on D. hang back
解析：选B。句意为：我太生气了，以至于我挂掉了他的电话。hang down下垂；低下头 ; hang on紧紧握住；坚持下去；（打电话不挂断）; hang back犹豫；畏缩; hang up悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话。 重点短语 7. sort out
整理；挑出; 处理(问题／困难)
I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away. 我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出来了。 We’ve got a few problems to sort out. 我们有几个问题要解决。 联想拓展
sort through 翻查;归整
put away 把……存放好
He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk。 他在整理桌上的一堆文件。 Put away your books, please. 请将书本收起来。 高手过招
翻译句子 ①他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。 ②放学了，把书本收好。
答案： ①He sorted his own photos out from others and kept them in an album. ②After school, put away your books.
8. help(...) out
帮助（某人）摆脱困难或危难
Can you help me out with the maths problem? 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗? 联想拓展
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