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形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。
（一 ）比较级和最高级的构成： 1 加-er,-est构成比较级和最高级。 【1】单音节形容词和副词
high-higher-highest hard-harder-hardest 【2】以不发音的-e结尾的
safe-safer-safest late-later-latest 【3】辅音字母要双写的情况：
big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest 【4】以辅音加-y结尾的情况
dry-drier-driest merry-merrier-merrist 2 加more,most构成比较级和最高级。 【1】多音节的形容词和副词
expensive-more expensive-most expensive carefully-more carefully-most carefully 【2】由形容词加-ly构成的副词 slowly-more slowly-most slowly highly-more highly-most highly
【3】以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive,-ing等结尾的双音节形容词 useless-more useless-most useless serious-more serious-most seriuos
【4】分词形容词tired,pleased及glad,often,real,right,wrong等单音节形容词 tired-more tired-most tired glad-more glad-most glad
（3）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法。 good/well-better-best bad/ill/badly-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
（二） 比较级和最高级的用法
1 比较级的表示法：主语+be +比较级+than?;主语+谓语+比较级+than? （1）不同主语的比较：
He is two years younger than I.
This machine works better than that one. Li Ming studies harder than Wang Ling. （2）同一主语不同方面的比较：
She is now happier than she has ever been. The exam was easier than we expected.
We have had much more rain this year than last year.
（3）用于修饰比较级的词：even,(very) much,far,a lot,still This book is much thicker than that one. He works even harder than before.
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2最高级的用法以及most/mostly/almost/at most 的含义 （1） 形容词和副词最高级的用法
三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。最高级中表示比较范围的常用among,in,of引导的介词短语或从句表示。 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. He works (the) hardest in his class.
Shanghai is among the largest cities in the world. This is the tallest building in our school.
Of all the books,this is the most useful one for us students. It is the biggest zoo I’ve ever visited. （2） 修饰最高级的词
最高级可以用序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost修饰 The Yellow River is the second longest in China. Of the three boys Jack is almost the cleverest. （3）可以不加冠词的情况
作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词 Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. I like spring best.
（4） most,mostly,almost,at most的用法
A most作副词，构成形容词和副词的最高级
most 作副词，构成大多数双音节或多音节形容词和副词的最高级形式，前面常有定冠词。 Which do you think is the most comfortable hotel in this town?
B most 作副词，修饰形容词和副词，用来加强语气，表示“极”“十分”，前面不用定冠词。
It’s most dangerous to play with fire. C most 作形容词修饰名词。
most 作形容词，意为“大多数的，大部分的，几乎全部的”，修饰名词，前面不用冠词。与most of 同义，但most of 名词前必须加冠词。 Most English words are not difficult to remember. Most of the students had left when she came.
D mostly意为主要地，多半地，相当于mainly. He uses his bike mostly for going to school.
The students are mostly young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty. E almost 意为几乎 ，相当于very nearly. He spent almost the whole day reading English. F at most 意为最多，与at least相对。 I can pay only twenty dollars at most.
课堂练习：
一 用适当的形容词比较级或最高级形式完成下列句子。 1 It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere __________?
2 The hotel was surprisingly big.I expected it to be____________.
3 The weather is too cold in this country.I’d like to live somewhere_____ 4 My job is a bit boring sometimes.I’d like to do something___________
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5 Your work isn’t very good.I’m sure you can do___________.
6 I was surprised how easy it was to use the computer.I thought it would be _________.
二 选择最佳答案填空：
1 The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet brings us_________. A the close B closer C the closer D close 2 What do you think of her singing? Oh,no one sings___________.
A good B well C better D best 3 _________ terrible weather it is! It is said that it will get_________later.
A What,bad B What,worse C What a,bad D What a ;worse
4 We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. Why didn’t you stay at____________ one?
A a cheap B a cheaper C the cheap D the cheaper 5 Mom,could you have an MP3 like this?
Certainly,we can buy ________ one ,but as good as this.
A a cheap B a cheapest C a cheaper D the cheapest 6 Who is Tom?
A great policeman.She always thought ________ of others than herself. A more B much C less D most 7Tom is good at drawing.How about Mike?
Mike is _________, I think.He has got more prizes than Tom. A well B worse C good D better
8 Which is ____________,the sun,the moon or the earth? Of course,the moon is.
A small B smaller C smallest D the smallest 9 Who can reach the book on the top shelf? Jack can. He is ____________ boy of us all.
A taller B a tall C the tallest D much taller
10 All the students in our class are over fifteen except Li Lei.He is _______ in our class. A younger B older C the oldest D the youngest 11 My sister sings English songs________ of us all. A badly B worse C more badly D worst
12 Mr Zhang ,of all the students in our school,who lives_____________? I think Li Lei does.
A far B farther C farthest D the farther
13 Who used to get up __________ in your class during the camping trip? A earlier B earliest C the most early D more early 14 Which is __________ season in Beijing? I think it’s autumn.
A good B better C best D the best
15 I think Yao Ming,the famous basketball player,will be_____ new star in NBA. A hot B hotter C hottest D the hottest
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16 I like buying food in the supermarket because it offers the_______ at the _______ price. A less; least B most; best C best;most D most;most 17 What ________ wind! It’s blowing______________. A a strong;strongly B strong;strongly C a strongly strong D strong strong 18 Please don’t speak so __________
A soon B quick C fast D fastly 19 _________ the boy is to learn to talk!
A How slow B How slowly C What a slow DWhat a slow way 20 She writes as _______as her brother.
A clear B clearly C clearer
D more clear
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