Hong Kong, China Feb. 15, 2003 (发信人地址、日期) Mr. Robert Chen 5 Beng Wan Road Singapore(收信人姓名、地址) Dear ---,(称呼) ------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Yours, (致敬语) (签名) 一般的英文信称呼前都习惯用“Dear …”,这一点与汉语的习惯不太一样。“Dear”常用于英文信的称呼前,有“亲爱的、敬爱的”等意思,是一种表示“亲切、客套”的形式。对你认为可敬、可爱的人都可以用,甚至比自己年龄小的人。而汉语的“亲爱的”一般多用于父母、师长、异性朋友等的称呼前(如亲爱的爸爸、妈妈;亲爱的老师;亲爱的梅等);也常用于“亲爱的祖国、亲爱的党”等。
Dear后面的称呼应因人而异:对熟悉的人或亲属,一般可以用:Dear friend, My dear 姓---, Dear 名---, Dear Teachers; Dear father (或Da, Daddy), Dear Mother (或Ma, Mama), Dear Uncle, Dear Aunt (或Auntie), Dear Brothter, Dear Sister, Dear Cousin ---, 等。
对不是很熟悉的人或亲属(一般认识的人),名字前需加尊称,一般男子用Mr.,未婚女子用Miss,已婚女子用Mrs.(加丈夫的姓);对有头衔的人一般用头衔,如:Dr.(博士或医生),Pro.(教授),Sir(爵士),Capt.(船长或队长),General(将军)等代替Mr. Mrs.等。
(四)正文的第一段常写些客套话,表示感激或想念之情,如:Thank you for---; It's a pleasure for me to---; Glad to get your---; Haven't seen you for ages; How are things getting on?等。
书信有首先写给别人的,也有回答别人的信。两种信也有不同之处。首先写给别人的信,信的开头一般应说一些表示“问候”、或表示“歉意”之类的话。如:How are you (你好吗)? / How are you getting along with you (你最近好吗)? / Sorry to say that I have not written you for ages. (对不住,好久没有写信给你了。) / I cannot tell you how much your letter delighted me.(我无法告诉您,您的来信使我多么高兴)。等。写“回信”,则一般先写:I’m very happy (glad) to hear from you. (收到你的来信我非常高兴。) / I am glad to receive your letter and ---(很高兴收到你的来信,------) 等。先给别人写的信,一般主要内容是介绍自己的情况,询问对方的情况,或请对方回答、解决问题等。“回信”主要是回答来信中的问题,也可以询问一些自己关心的对方情况等。
英文信的主体内容应该言简意赅,主次分明,层次清楚,意思明确。称呼要符合人物身份,提问应注意文明礼貌、客气,回答应清楚明白。
书信内容的末尾一般也要说一些问候、鼓励之类的话,常用的句子有:Hope to see you soon.(希望不久见到你。) Please write back soon.(请速回信。) My best wishes.(祝万事如意。) My best regards, also John’s and Tom’s.(祝大安,约翰和
汤姆也问候你。) If you are not too busy with your work, I hope I can hear from you soon. (如果你不太忙的话,我希望不久能收到你的来信。) I’m sure you will succeed.(我肯定你会成功。) My kindest regards and best wishes.等。
(五)书信正文后面是“致敬语”(结束语)和“签名”。“致敬语”有尊卑亲疏之分。亲属一般用Yours lovingly, Your loving father (mother, brother, son, niece, husband, sister等,上级或不是亲属的长辈一般用Yours respectfully,不大熟悉但应该客气的人用Yours truly (Very truly yours),政府机关或正式函件一般用Yours faithfully。
“签名”,除非是对熟悉的人或亲密的人,一般都应写“全姓名”,打字机直接打的信一般要用“亲笔签名”。需注意的是,女子写信给不熟悉的人,署名要加上Miss, Mrs.字样,以使对方回信时不致于弄错失礼。
(六)英文书信的信封写法也与汉语有所区别。信封正面的左上角写发信人的姓名、地址;下面正中间偏右一点写收信人的姓名、地址(与信中的相同)。
练习册指导
Teaching Guide for the Workbook
I. USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
“词汇学习” 部分主要用来帮助学生更好地掌握阅读课文中的词语。词汇学习部分的练习与阅读部分密切联系。做练习1时可让学生先独立完成,再进行进行小组核对。确定答案后,教师可举例说明词汇的意义与用法,再让学生读写以加深印象。练习二对学生的要求更高,主要是考察学生对本单元所出现的热点词汇、句型用法的掌握情况及灵活运用的能力。练习3是复习第一、第二单元所学介词,目的是让学生灵活地运用这些介词来描述不同的地方。建议教师可先让学生用这些介词造句,分析这些介词的用法。 Suggested Answers:
1. Match the sentences or phrases with the pictures. 1) D 2) E 3)F 4)A 5)B 6)C
2. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of words or expressions in the box.
1) miss 2) strange 3) on weekdays 4) gets along 5) write to 6) friendly 7) gets to 8) very little 9) better and better
3. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases in the brackets. 1) Thank you for your concern about my school life in China. 2) At first, I felt a little nervous.
3) We practice cooking skills in the skill training centre. 4) We often go sightseeing around Beijing on Saturdays.
5) Jack can follow the teachers in class with the help of his classmates. 6) Jack is having a good time in China now. 7) Please send me text messages this Saturday.
8) He can speak a little English now.
4.Complete the following sentences with the correct prepositions in the box. 1) on 2) from 3) in 4) around 5) for 6) After 7) of 8) to
II. PRACTICE OF SENTENCE STRUCTURES
本部分语法练习1涉及的要点是名词的单数变复数。建议教师在学生做题前再复习一下这名词单数变复数的规则及名词复数的用法。练习2主要练习名词所有格的构成及其用法。名词所有格这种语法现象在汉语中没有。所以建议教师引导学生再复习一遍名词所有格的构成规则及其用法,再通过练习帮学生牢固掌握名词所有格构成及用法。练习3主要是考核学生对动词be和have各个人称使用的掌握情况。建议教师先让学生做题,然后提问,再分析学生们的答案,指出学生们在做题过程中应注意事项。 Suggested Answers:
1. Put the underlined words into their plural forms(复数形式) and correct the other parts of the sentences if necessary. 1) They are boys.
2) They are not teachers.
3) These are classroom buildings. 4) Those buildings are libraries. 5) They are kind old men.
6) We have classes in the afternoon. 7) They are large classrooms. 8) She has two(some) children.
9) There are some books on the desk. 10) There are no boys in the room.
2. Translate the following phrases into English with the words in the brackets. 1) my classmate’s friend 2) Fang Mei’s bedroom 3) Mother’s Day 4) today’s newspaper 5) New Year’s Day 6) Jack and Tom’s room 7) teachers’ rooms 8) students’ book 9) children’s book
3. Fill in each of the blanks with the proper form of “have” or “be”.
1) has 2) doesn’t have / has not 3) is 4) have 5) Do…have 6) are 7) Does …have 8) have
III. READING TASK
阅读部分设计的练习都是紧扣文章内容的,目的是帮助学生在阅读中掌
握段落大意与文章的细节。学生可在阅读后独立完成这些练习。教师可通过提问,检查学生的理解情况,并给予适时的指导。 Suggested Answers:
1. Read the following passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) T
2. Read the following passage and choose the best answer. 1) C 2) C 3) D 4) B 5) A 6) B
IV. LISTENING TASK
听力活动的教学步骤建议如下:
1. 用问答形式熟悉所听内容。例如:
How do people greet each other when they meet in the morning? What would people say when they introduce a place?
2. 组织学生听录音,然后让学生先独立做练习,再听录音,核对答案。 3. 让学生复述所听内容,进行听音模仿,教师进行示范指导。 4. 学生表演所听对话。
Listening Text:
1) There are many books in the library.
2) They often play games on the playground.
3) We read books and magazines in the reading room. 4) We have classes in the classroom. Suggested answers: 1)-4) BADC
V. SPEAKING TASK 说的教学步骤建议如下:
1. 让学生在3分钟内记住本单元的功能句,即如何介绍地点的句型结构。 2. 指导学生正确使用方框里的句型结构;学生也可参考下面的对话模型。 3. 两人小组、三人小组编写对话;教师可参与学生的活动并适时地给予指导。
4. 让一些同学上台表演对话,教师归纳总结。
5. 如有可能,要求学生把对话中的关键句型写下来。
Look at the following pictures and talk to your partner with “this is…, that is…, it is… they are… and there is / are…” according to the model.
Sample:
1. That is a basketball. It is red.
There is a basketball on the playground. 2. This is an English book. That is a Chinese book.
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