during moments of relaxed wakefulness, when the brain’s default-mode (预设模式) network becomes activated.”
Productivity, problem-solving, attention, creativity, a moral compass — all are strengthened and improved when our bodies have a chance to rest, Kang says.
“A time of relaxed wakefulness is when we integrate what we’ve felt or heard,” she says. “It’s when we make sense of our past and apply it to our future, so our sense of morality and our sense of self are shown to improve.”
But all downtime is not created equal, says time use expert Laura Vanderkam. “There’s a big difference between consciously doing nothing versus actually wasting time,” Vanderkam says. “Wasting time is spending it on things that aren’t particularly meaningful or even enjoyable to you.”
“You want to make sure downtime is doing what it’s supposed to do, which makes you return to your busy life more refreshed,” Vanderkam says.
Her patients often tell her they don’t have time to build rest into their lives, Kang says.
“I tell people, then you’re too busy for best health,” she says. “You’re too busy to perform best. Too busy to be brilliant, to be the best athlete, to be the best CEO, writer, homemaker — whatever it is you’re trying to achieve. Because you need rest to do all of those things.” 58. The underlined word “unstructured” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. travelling B. relaxing C. precious D. perfect 59. Downtime differs from waste time in that it makes people ________.
A. spend more time on relaxing B. have a good understanding of the past C. improve efficiency in work or study D. have a full schedule for the future 60. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To indicate the consequence of being too busy. B. To analyze why people fail to become successful. C. To advise people to spare time to relax themselves. D. To urge people to apply themselves to achieving goals. 61. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Downtime can result in a person lacking motivation.
B. It’s generally unacceptable if people regard rest as high priority. C. Being hardworking is no longer a virtue in society nowadays. D. “Busy-ness” damages people both emotionally and physically.
C
Since the start of the deadly AIDS epidemic in the 1980s, scientists have been working towards a cure. Now, they may be close to finding one.
Researchers have developed a method to cut the viral (病毒) DNA from a person’s infected cells. It is called CRISPR/Cas9 and it means the person could be virus-free.
DNA is a substance that carries genetic information in the cells of animals and plants. This gene-editing took place in a scientific lab, but has not been tested on humans yet.
“It’s a big step,” said Kamel Khalili, Ph. D. He is lead researcher and chair at the Department of Neuroscience at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He and his team made the discovery.
But more tests have to be done to know if it will be a cure for the millions of patients infected with the HIV virus, which causes AIDS.
Antiretroviral drugs have been doing a good job of keeping the AIDS virus from reproducing. Such a good job that levels of HIV are just about undetectable in infected people who take the medicine.
But even with the drugs, the virus stays in the body’s “T-cells,” which are T-lymphocytes. AIDS damages the immune system, hurting the body’s ability to fight off disease.
So the drugs are kind of a “Band-Aid solution,” Khalili explained. They keep the virus from growing. But they do not remove the memory of the virus from the cells.
And, the moment antiretroviral drugs are stopped, the HIV comes back to life and begins making more HIV, which is the AIDS virus.
Khalili and his team of scientists appear to have found a way to cut this viral DNA from infected people’s cells.
In their lab, they took cells from people infected with the HIV virus. They removed the part of the cell that was holding the virus.
He said they had “in some cases, near 90 percent of the virus replication (复制) or production
dropped in the patient samples after treatment in the laboratory.”
Khalili and his team have not actually cured any patients yet. However, he believes this gene-editing technology could possibly cure AIDS.
“Removal of the virus can lead to the cure.” He said, “it’s an exciting time, and the reason is the technologies are available and the methods are in place and our knowledge has increased.”
“And hopefully, there will be funding to take us toward this exciting moment for developing the cure strategy by getting rid of viral DNA using editing techniques.” 62. The newly found way is intended to cure AIDS by _______.
A. doing damage to the immune system B. removing viral DNA from infected cells C. doing research into antiretroviral drugs
D. taking cells from those infected with the HIV virus
63. What can we know about antiretroviral drugs from the passage?
A. They are likely to make more AIDS virus. B. They can help body to fight against disease.
C. They are unable to cure people of their HIV virus. D. Virus will disappear from T-cells because of them.
64. Kamel Khalili’s words in the last two paragraphs indicate that _______.
A. his new method is bound to be a perfect cure for AIDS B. antiretroviral drugs will be dropped in the near future
C. their discovery has made great contributions to human beings D. they will succeed curing AIDS if they aren’t lacking in money
D
Last summer, after 16 years in the United States, I traveled to the city in Russia where I grew up. I was the first in my family to return after all those years. My mom gave me a hand-drawn map showing the location of my grandfather’s tomb at the local cemetery, and she asked me to visit it.
It was really important to her that I go there. My grandfather died when I was little, and she wanted me to remember him. He was still very much alive in her mind, and she wanted him to continue to live in my mind as well.
So I promised that the first thing I’d do when I arrived would be to visit the cemetery. However, I got caught up in work, and I had a lot of catching up to do with my childhood friends. It wasn’t until a day before I was leaving that I found time to go to the cemetery.
It was late in the afternoon, and right by the entrance was a lady who was selling flowers. By then she had only seven carnations left in her bucket. I bought them all, but when I reached for my wallet, I realized I didn’t have the map with me. I had no idea what had happened to that map. And I had no idea where my grandfather’s tomb was located.
I could call my mom and ask her. But the problem was that I had already told her I’d gone to the cemetery. What was I going to say?
I found the main office. Fortunately it was open, and inside was a small office. Behind the counter was an old woman, and she said she’d help me locate my grandfather’s records.
A couple of minutes later, she came back with a printout. It turned out there were 17 Abraham Pikarskis on the list. I chose the two whose age I believed closely matched my grandfather’s.
I set off to look for them. I hoped that at least one would have a portrait on the tombstone. This way I’d know which tomb was mine.
I found the first tomb and it said Abraham Pikarski on it, but there was no portrait. Only an inscription (碑铭) : From the Loving Wife and Children.
I had no idea whether this was the right one, so I went off to look for the other one. I found it, too, and it was virtually indistinguishable from the first one. It said Abraham Pikarski, no portrait. The inscription was slightly different. It said: From the Grieving Family.
I had no idea what to do. Was my family the loving one or the grieving one? I was standing there waiting, thinking maybe some sort of special feeling would come to me. Maybe I’d feel some sort of close relationship with the person who was lying there.
I put three carnations on that tomb, and I went back to the first one. I stood there, too, for a while, and again I was hoping that I’d feel something special. But it was getting late, and I had to pack for the trip back to New York, so I put three carnations on this tomb.
I stood there with the last flower in my hand. Which Abraham Pikarski should it go to?
Should I just throw it away? I had to come up with some sort of a solution.
Then, suddenly, I knew what to do. I put that flower on that same tomb where I was standing. I thought if this is really my grandfather who is lying there, then all is good, and he got the most. But if not, then let this be kind of comfort to the stranger, because somebody else’s grandson came all the way from America to pay his respects.
I went back to the hotel and flew home to New York the next day. I never found that map again.
Mom and Dad picked me up at the airport. On the way home from the airport, my mom started crying, “I’m so happy that you took the time to visit your grandfather’s tomb. It really means so much to me. You know when you called and told me you went there, I thought you were just saying it to make me feel good.”
When I was still in the air this morning, her cousin who lives in Russia had called and told my mother that she had just come from the cemetery and had seen my flowers there. So my mom knew that I had really done this.
Should I ask her how many flowers her cousin saw? Three or four? But then I decided that maybe I should not say anything at all.
65. The author visited his grandfather’s tomb just before he returned to America because ________.
A. he lost the map his mother drew for him B. he occupied himself with many things C. he wasn’t well familiar with the cemetery D. he didn’t have affection for his grandfather
66. The reason why the author didn’t turn to his mother is that ________.
A. he was unwilling to be regarded as a liar B. he couldn’t make up a reasonable excuse C. he intended to recover the map by himself D. he was able to locate grandfather’s tomb 67. The author chose the two tombs out of the 17 according to ________.
A. their appearance B. their inscription C. their age D. their location 68. Why did the author’s mother cry on the way home?
A. He paid respect to a stranger. B. The author kept his promise. C. She kept grandfather in mind. D. Her cousin found the flowers. 69. From the last two paragraphs we can know that ________.
A. he was ashamed of having telling a lie to his mother
B. he was content to have presented the followers to a stranger C. he was aware of which tomb was his grandfather’s in the end D. he thought it made no sense to figure out the location of the tomb 70. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. A journey to hometown B. A tomb embarrassment C. A pleasant coincidence D. A hand-drawn map 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 ．．．．．．1．．．．
I remember when someone would mention the words “extraordinary life”, the entire thought seemed only for the rich and famous. The idea seemed unreachable and only came to the lucky few. I finally woke up to the truth that living an extraordinary life could truly be achieved if you focused on the small things.
Here are five simple steps:
Make a list of 100 things to do: Take out a piece of paper and write down anything and everything that comes to mind. From the littlest things to the most extreme, it all goes on your list. This simple act of writing this list stretches your imagination and opens up the possibilities to see your life. Change up your routine: We are creatures of habit and this can lead to staying comfortable. Our life can tend to run on auto-pilot and we spend a large amount of time completely numb to what is happening around us. Therefore, by changing up our typical routine, we begin to have a better understanding of the experiences of our own life.
Learn something new every month or two: Remember when you were a kid and you had to learn something new all the time? You were nervous, excited, and a little scared when you first tried to ride a bike. But once you did it a few times, you began to get the hang of it and suddenly
had an increase in your confidence with a feeling like you could fly. Once you begin to push yourself just that little bit extra, you quickly grow your comfort zone and feel braver to do even more.
Hang around with others: There are always those people whose lives are extraordinary. The best way to find out what they do different is to spend a little time with them. See how they think, speak, and act differently. You will be surprised at how quickly you begin to try some new things and feel more confident. This is a great way to follow some outstanding people and begin opening your mind to new ways of thinking.
Seize the day: There are opportunities that happen around us daily. Take notes on how many times you would really love to do something, but for some reason you find yourself saying no. Many times we say no because we feel we don't have time or money. Start saying YES to just one or two things you might have originally said no to.
The next time you find yourself feeling stuck in an ordinary life, try out at least one of these simple steps. Just that tiny bit of “extra” goes a long way and before you know it, you’ll be expanding your world. Passage outline Theme Supporting details Extraordinary life doesn’t 71 belong to the rich and famous and with attention 72 on small things, it applies to everyone. ● List whatever 74 your mind, which makes it 75 to see your life. ● Make a change to daily routine instead of living out of 76 to understand life experience better. ● Have a strong desire to learn new things regularly and gain 77 in pushing yourself more. ● Devote time to 78 people with extraordinary life to get inspiration to change your ways of thinking. ● Get down to doing something that you 79 to do previously for reason of time or money. 73 to living an extraordinary life Conclusion Your world will be 80 as long as you take some simple measures. 第五部分： 书面表达 (满分25分)
81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
There are hundreds of Western literary masterpieces translated and known in China, but Chinese classics, including Dream of the Red Chamber, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, The Water Margin and Journey to the West are hardly known or understood in the West. Opinions from foreign readers:
● I read translations of these four books and found them heavy going, similar to reading an 18th century novel.
● I have read the Dream of the Red Chamber; the English translation is very difficult to understand. The reader finds words that only make sense in Chinese.
● As to classic Chinese books, my favorite is The True Story of Ah Q. It translates well and still keeps its meanings. 【写作内容】 1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2．用约120个单词就“让中国名著走向世界”这一主题，谈谈你的看法，内容包括： （1）分析外国人对中国名著了解甚少的原因；
（2）提出如何使中国名著走向世界的建议（2－3点）。 【写作要求】
1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3．不必写标题。 【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
2015/2016学年度第二学期高二年级期终考试
相关推荐：
loading