人教版必修1重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总
Unit1 Friendship
【重点词汇、短语】 1. add up 合计
2. upset vt&vi 弄翻，使…不安,使心烦,扰乱 adj. 心烦意乱的,不舒服的,不适的,难过的. 3. ignore不理睬、忽视 4. calm (使)平静、(使)镇定 calm down 平静/镇定下来 5. have got to 不得不、必须 6. concern (使)担忧、涉及、关系到 be concerned about…关心，挂念 7. go through 经历、经受 8. set down 记下、放下、登记 9. a series of 一系列 10. on purpose 故意 11. in order to 为了…… 12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻 13. face to face 面对面地
14. no longer/not…any longer 不再…… 15. settle 安家、定居、停留 16. suffer 遭受、忍受、经历 17. suffer from 遭受、患病 18. recover 痊愈、恢复、重新获得 19. get/be tired of 对……厌烦 20. pack 捆扎，包装/包裹
21. pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包 22. get along with 与……相处 23. fall in love 爱上 24. disagree 不同意 25. join in 参加
【重点句型】
1. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时）
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.（强调句）
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 3. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
4. Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。
5. If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice.
如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。 6. Add up your score and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。
7. What he did has added to our difficulties. 他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
8. His income adds up to $1000 a month. 他每月的收入共计1000美元。
9. It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.
观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。
10. Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
11. The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
12. As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in. 正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
13. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
14. We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying. 我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather? 他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗？
16. He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
17. That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood. 那个国家在水灾中遭受严重的损失。
【语法总结】
直接引语和间接引语（一）
直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。 例： Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy.
变化规则
1. 陈述句的变化规则
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。
（1）人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思
例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.” → He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I'v left my book in your room.” → He told me that he had left his book in my room.
（2）时态的变化 直接引语 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去完成时 例： “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne. →Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. The boy said, “I’m using a knife.” → The boy said that he was using a knife.
▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：
He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” He said that light travels much faster than sound.
（3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 直接引语 间接引语 间接引语 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时 过去完成时 this these now ago today yesterday tomorrow the day after tomorrow come here the day before yesterday
2. 疑问句的变化规则
that those then before/earlier that day the day before the next/following day In two day’s time go there two days before/earlier 如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。
（1）一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为 ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。
例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says. → The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.
（2）特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。
例：“What do you want?” he asked me. → He asked me what I wanted
Unit2 English around the world
【重点词汇、短语】
1. because of 因为、由于 2. come up 走近、上来、提出 3. actually 实际上、事实上 4. base 以…为基础，根基 5. at present 目前 6. make use of 利用 7. such as 例如
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