entrepreneurial culture. 从狭义上来说，企业文化是指企业在生产经营的实践中所形成的一种基本精神和凝聚力，以及全体职工共同具有的价值观念和行为准则。这是我们了解和认识企业文化的出发点。 8. Bonds appeal to investors because of their scope for capital appreciation. 债券吸引投资者是因为债券有增值的机会。
9. Investors consider investing some money in bonds because they will be able to achieve a higher return than cash deposits. 投资人将一部分资金投在债券上是基于这么一种考虑，他们期望获取高于现金存款的回报率。 10. In a nutshell, an investor should consider investing in bonds as an alternative for the purpose of diversification in investment. 总的来说，投资者应该考虑把债券投资当作一种投资选择，以达到多元化投资的目的。 11. In recent years, financial markets have become increasingly polarized between growth and security. 近年来金融市场的投资增值与投资安全日趋两极分化。
12. Credit rating agencies, such as Moody’s and Standard & Poors, indicate possible risk in financial investment. 信誉评级机构，如穆迪和标准普尔评估机构，提供有关金融投资可能遇到的风险的信息。
13. Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock in search of fame and gain. 硅谷犹如一块磁铁，把许多天资聪颖的工程师、科学家、企业家从世界各地吸引到这里来寻求功名和财富。
14. First and foremost, Silicon Valley has the largest concentration of brilliant computer professionals and the best supporting services in the world. 首先，硅谷有着全球最密集的优秀电脑专业人才群体和最佳支持服务体系。 15. The never-say-die approach is the sine qua non for the ultimate triumph in the entrepreneurship and technological breakthrough. 这种永不言败的作风是企业成功和技术创新必不可缺的。
16. They willingly support promising start-ups with urgently needed initial capital to get them started. 他们愿意支持那些前途看好的创业者，给予他们急需的启动资金，帮助他们起步。
17. Paper qualification, though useful, is not a be-all-and-end-all. 文化虽然有用，却不是一切，一纸定不了终生。 18. Because of its high-risk nature, for every success story there are hundreds who will fall by the wayside. 由于其高风险的特点，一家公司的成功可能意味着数百家公司的落败。
19. Today, we, pioneers and leaders of electronic commerce, are meeting here to call together for changes in the existing patent laws. 今天我们这些电子商务的创始人和领导人在此集会，共同呼吁修改现行的专利法。 20. I propose a one-month period of public consultation before patents are issued. 我提议，专利发布前应该有一个月的公示期。
Unit 14 商务性口译--汉译英（双边经贸、亚洲合作、外资企业、经济关系）
1. 在经济全球化不断发展的背景下，贸易自由化问题日益受到人们的关注。Against the backdrop of growing economic globalization, trade liberalization has captured increasing attention.
2. 正确认识和把握经济全球化和贸易自由化问题，对促进全球经济的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。To put economic globalization and trade liberalization in their right perspective is one of great importance to the healthy development of the global economy.
3. 关键在于要以冷静而明智的态度正确对待和处理摩擦和纠纷。The key lies in how to cope with trade frictions and disputes correctly in a cool and wise manner.
4. 我们一贯主张，对于双边和多边经济贸易关系中出现的摩擦和争端，有关方面应当本着相互尊重的原则，通过友好协商谋求解决，we have always advocated that parties involved should adhere to the principle of mutual respect and settle bilateral or multilateral trade disputes through friendly consultation.
5. 互利共赢的经济贸易关系给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益。Mutually beneficial and win-win trade and economic ties have delivered tangible economic benefits to the two peoples.
6. 虽然两国贸易摩擦时有发生，但是具有很大互补性的经贸合作的总体发展是不可逆转的。Although trade
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disputes between the two countries often arise, the overall development in the bilateral trade and economic cooperation, which enjoys complementarities in the vast fields, is irreversible.
7. 我们希望两国在对待贸易分歧和摩擦时要有一种高瞻远瞩的战略眼光。As for the differences and frictions over trade, the two countries need to take a strategic perspective of vision and foresight toward trade frictions and disputes.
8. 我们也希望贵国采取更为切实有力的政策措施，促使两国在经济、贸易、科技、文化、教育、卫生等领域里的合作有更大的发展。We wish the government of your country will take forcible policy measures to feul stronger growth in the all-round cooperation between our two countries in such areas as economy, trade, science and technology, culture, education and health.
9. 亚洲是地球上最大的洲，资源十分丰富，历史源远流长，文化博大精深。亚洲人民勤劳智慧，自强不息。As the biggest continent on the earth, Asia has abundant resources, a long history and profound cultures. The people in Asia are diligent, talented and persistent in self-development.
10. 包容、平等和渐进的地区合作意识近年来日益增强。In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of regional cooperation featuring greater tolerance, equality and gradual progress.
11. 从实际需要和实践来看，可以把贸易、交通、农业、信息、能源作为优先合作领域，并逐步向其他领域扩展。Given our real needs and experience, such areas as trade, communications, agriculture, information and energy can be made priorities of cooperation, which will be gradually expanded to include other areas.
12. 区域合作和双边合作两者可以互补。Regional cooperation and bilateral cooperation can very well complement each other.
13. 我们恪守入世承诺，有步骤的扩大开放领域，降低关税水平，取消非关税壁垒。We will honor our WTO commitments, opening more areas in a step-by-step manner, lowering our tariffs and removing non-tariff barriers. 14. 建立外贸企业的申请，由国务院对外贸易经济主管部门或者国务院的机关审查批准。The application to establish a foreign-capital enterprise shall be submitted for examination and approval to the department under the State Council which is in charge of foreign economic relations and trade, or to another agency authorized by the State Council.
15. 外资企业分立、合并或者其他重要事项变更，应当报审查机关批准，并向工商行政机关办理变更登记手续。In the event of separation, merger or other major changes, a foreign-capital enterprise shall report to and seek approval from the authorities in charge of examination and approval, and register the change with industry and commerce administrative authorities.
16. 外资企业终止，应当及时公告，依照法定程序进行清算，并向工商行政管理机关办理注销登记手续，缴销营业执照。When terminating its operation, a foreign-capital enterprise shall promptly issue a public notice and proceed with liquidation in accordance with legal procedures. At the termination, the foreign-capital enterprise shall nullify its registration with the industry and commerce administrative authorities and hand in its business license for cancellation.
17. 推动新经济的发展，不仅要求我们用先进科学技术更新经济，而且要求我们适应这个发展趋势来更新经济结构、经济体制、经济机制，更新国与国、企业与企业之间的经济关系，更新推进各国开展经济技术合作的指导思想。To promote the development of the New Economy, we must not only update our economy with advanced science and technology, but also, in response to this new trend of development, revamp the economic structure, system, and mechanisms accordingly, readjust the economic relationships between states ang between enterprises and update our philosophies and concepts for economic and technological cooperation across national boundaries.
18. 在推动经济全球化和贸易自由化的过程中，世贸组织应充分考虑经济发展处于弱势的国家和人民。The WTO should give full regard to the interests of the economically disadvantaged countries and people while pushing forward economic globalization and trade liberalization.
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19. 改革开放以来，中国企业与国外、海外企业积极开展经济技术合作，取得了巨大成就，取得了互利和共赢的结果。Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprise have vigorously undertaken economic and technological cooperation with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements, hence mutual benefit and all-win.
20. 中国将以更加积极的姿态参与区域及全球范围的经济技术合作，进一步推动全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放。China will take a more active part in regional and global economic and technical cooperation, and endeavor to promote a multi-directional and multi-level opening-up in a wide range of areas.
Unit 15 科普性口译—英译汉（睡眠与梦、音响今昔、遗传信息、左脑之忧）
1. It is clear that we all need to sleep, because if we sleep well, we feel rested and if not, we often feel tired and irritable. 虽然我们都需要睡眠，如果睡得好，就感觉得到了充分的休息；若睡眠不充足便会感到疲倦和烦躁。
2. Each night we alternate between two kinds of sleep, active sleep and passive sleep, in order to get both physical and emotional rest. 每天晚上我们都以积极和消极的方式交替睡眠，以求在体力和精神两方面得到休息。 3. Passive sleep is also known as slow-wave sleep because the brain waves move in a very sloe, regular rhythm, during which the body is at rest, the heart beat slows down, and the body processes become very slow. 消极睡眠又叫做慢波睡眠，这是因为消极睡眠时，我们的脑电波处于一种非常缓慢而有节奏的波动状态，人体处于一种安宁的状态，心脏跳动的节奏减缓了，人体机能的运行变得非常缓慢。
4. When we enter the active stage of sleep, the brain temperature rises, the amount of blood in the brain increase, the eyes begin to move rapidly, and the brain goes from being very inactive to being active. 当我们进入积极睡眠后，大脑温度会上升，脑血液流量会增加，眼球会快速转动，大脑由静止不动状态转为积极活动状态。 5. We all experience these sleep cycles with no exception, and the truth is we need passive sleep to rest our bodies and active sleep to rest our minds. 我们每个人都毫无例外的经历这些睡眠阶段，因为我们不仅需要消极睡眠以休息身体，也需要积极睡眠以休息大脑。
6. From recorded time, man has been fascinated with music and the hardware of sound reproduction. 有史记载以来，人类一直痴迷于音乐，痴迷于录制音乐的音响设备。
7. American inventor Thomas Edison, who was considered the father of sound recording, developed the phonograph, the first device to record voice in the world. It was not long before the musical uses of his invention were recognized and marketed. 被誉为录音之父的美国发明家托马斯爱迪生发明了留声机，这是世界上第一台录音设备。时隔不久，爱迪生这项发明的音乐应用价值便为世人所知，并推向了市场。
8. The modern recording industry was born to satisfy an enormous market for all types of music: folk, classic, orchestral and popular. 现代录音行业的诞生，旨在满足旨在满足市场对各种音乐（如民乐、古典乐、管弦乐、流行音乐等音乐）的巨大需求。
9. The widespread use of electricity led to the invention of the invention the portable record player, while the rise of the electronic industry fed the growing demand for hi-fi stereo systems. 电的广泛使用使便携式电唱机面世，而电子行业的出现则刺激了人们对高保真音响系统不断增长的需求。
10. The CD system is based on the technology of computers with music information stored and reproduced digitally. CD音响系统是一种用数码存储设音乐与再现音乐的电脑技术音响设备。
11. It is certain that the ever-improving technology will give rise to another development beyond digital sound, making the CD obsolete from general use. 可以断定，不断改进的技术必将产生一种超越数码阶段的音响系统，致使CD光碟推出大众使用的舞台。
12. The advancement of times has turned many electronic devices that were regarded as luxury possessions into affordable and mass-produced commodities used by the general public. 随着时代的发展，许多昨日被视为奢侈
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品的电子产品，今日已成为了普通人消费的起的、批量生产的日用品。
13. Every living thing is a unique combination of the tiny pieces of matter called genes that carry information from parents to offspring. 每个生物都由一些叫做基因的物质独特组合而成，基因则是一种将遗传信息由父代传给子代的微小物质。
14. There are people who are obsessed with cloning experiments and wish to apply the theory of genetical replication in cloning human beings. 某些热衷于克隆实验的人想把遗传复制理论运用到复制人类上去。 15. The idea of combining animal genes with plant genes, or animal genes with human genes, has upset many people for ethical reasons. 一想到将动物基因与植物基因组合起来，或者将动物基因与人类基因组合起来的做法，许多人由于伦理方面的原因颇感不安。
16. The human brain contains an average of ten billion neurons that participate in countless electrical microcircuits, the process of which makes possible thought, perception, communication, and other types of mental activity. 人的大脑平均有100亿个神经元，每个神经元都从事着不可悉数的微电路脉冲活动，由此而产生思维、感觉、交流以及其他一些脑力活动。
17. In the cortex of the brain reside human cognitive abilities such as sophisticated reasoning, linguistic skills and musical ability. 人类的认知能力，如复杂的推理、语言、音乐等能力，无不寓居于人类大脑的脑皮层上。 18. The cortex, which is not present to a comparable degree in any other species, represents man’s relatively recent evolutionary step in neurological development. 任何其他物种都不具有人类特有的脑皮层，脑皮层的出现是人类在其神经发展过程中近期出现的一次进化结果。
19. The brain is divided into two roughly symmetrical hemispheres which appear to specialize in handling various tasks. Current evidence suggests that in most individuals, the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language, while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills as well as the perception of nonlinguistic sounds and musical melodies. 大脑可以分为两个大致对称、各司其职的半球。据目前所知，大多数的人的左半球主要负责语言行为，而右半球则掌握着与视觉和空间相关的技能，以及对非语言声音和音乐旋律的感知。
20. It is believed that left brain dominance for linguistic functions appear to exist prior to birth and this linguistic asymmetry is maintained throughout life. 据说左半脑的语言功能优势似乎在婴儿出生前便已存在了，而且这种大脑的语言不对称现象伴随人的终身。
Unit 16 科普性口译—汉译英（汉语概要、进化本质、蚊虫之祸、用筷技艺）
1. 对于那些只熟悉普通的欧洲语言的人来说，汉语是一种截然不同的语言。在他们看来，汉字的笔划错综复杂的令人难以置信。To people who are familiar only with the common European languages, the Chinese language is strikingly different. For them, Chinese characters are formed with many strokes that appear incredibly intricate.
2. 如果我们仔细观察一下汉语的结构，我们便可以发现汉语在许多方面较西方语言更为简单。例如，汉语基本上没有什么动词变化形式，也没有名次变格现象。If we examine the structure of the Chinese language more closely, we find it simpler in many ways than Western languages. For example, the Chinese language has virtually no conjugation for its verbs and no declension for its nouns.
3. 由于上下文常常可以清楚地表明汉语动词的时态和语态，以及名词的数，因而汉语无需依靠这种特别的语法上的重复结构。Because most of the time it is quite clear from the context what tense or mood is intended for a verb and what number is intended for a noun, the Chinese language does not bother much with this particular type of redundancy in its grammar.
4. 尽管我们目前还无法确定人类的语言是否同宗同源，但是它们都可以追溯到朦胧的史前时期。Although at present we have no way of knowing for sure whether or not human language can be traced back to the same root,
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