河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
箱体零件夹具的设计
摘 要
机械制造业历来是应用科学技术的主要领域，是应用最新科技推动社会经济发展的主导产业。制造离不了机床，机床自然离不了夹具。
夹具是组合机床的重要组成部分，它用于实现被加工零件的准确定位，夹压，刀具的导向以及装卸工件时的限位等等作用的。本次设计计算量中等，但是制图量比较大。需要查阅大量的书籍充分运用所学知识。
本次设计是箱体类零件的夹具设计，主要设计了夹具的夹紧机构以及动力源传动机构。夹紧机构是指在加工工件的时候，为防止工件在切削力的作用下发生转动而设计的夹紧工件的装置。动力源传动机构是指传递夹紧力的机构。设计中对夹具上的主要零件进行了选择和校核。本次设计的重点是夹紧机构，构思其结构，确定其尺寸。并对切削力和夹紧力进行了计算，最后综合各方面因素设计出夹具体的整体尺寸和结构。
组合机床的未来将更多的采用调速电动机和滚珠丝杠等传动，以简化结构、缩短生产节拍；采用数字控制系统和主轴箱、夹具自动更换系统，以提高工艺可调性；以及纳入柔性制造系统等。
关 键 词：夹具 ，夹紧机构，动力源传动机构，切削力，夹紧力
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
The Fixture Design of Box-parts
ABSTRACT
Mechanical manufacturing industry is always the main field of applying science and technology .it’s the dominant industry to push society and economy developing. Machine can’t go without fixture just as manufacturing can’t go without it.
The fixture is an important component of gang drill machine .It is used to make parts in the right position when they are being processed .The task has some count and a lot of drawings. I have to refer to a great deal of associate book, make a good use of knowledge that I have leant.
It is the fixture design of box-parts this time，mainly design the holding device and the power source passing device. Hold device is something that holds workpiece in order to not let the workpiece move under the cutting force when it is processed. The power source passing device is the device which passes the holding force. There are selections and checking about the main parts of the fixture during the design. The design of the holding device is the main task in this design, including considering its structure, deciding its size. Also, there is computing about the cutting force and holding force during the design, then deciding the whole structure and size according to many factors.
In the future, gang drill machine will be produced by introducing mobilizing electric machine and rolling stick to simplify its structure, shorten producing period; In the process, number controlling system and headstock will replace systems automatically to improve flexibility of technique.
KEY WORDS: fixture, holding device, power source passing device,
holding force
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
目 录
前 言........................................................ 1 第一章 概述 ................................................. 2
§1.1 机械制造工程学的发展 ..................................................... 2 §1.2 制造技术的重要性 .............................................................. 2 §1.3 机械制造的科学发展 .......................................................... 3 第二章 夹具的概述 .......................................... 5
§2.1 机床夹具的发展................................................................... 5 §2.2 机床夹具的分类................................................................... 5 第三章 定位方案的确定 ..................................... 7
§3.1 工件定位的基本原理 .......................................................... 7
§3.1.1 自由度的概念 ........................................................... 7 §3.1.2 六点定位原则 ........................................................... 7 §3.1.3 工件定位中的几种情况 .......................................... 8 §3.2 常用定位元件及选用 .......................................................... 8
§3.2.1 对定位元件的基本要求 .......................................... 8 §3.2.2 常用定位元件所能限制的自由度 ........................ 9 §3.2 定位方案的确定：一面两孔定位 .................................... 9 第四章 夹紧方案的确定 .................................... 11
§4.1 夹紧要则 .............................................................................. 11 §4.2 对夹紧机构的主要要求 ................................................... 11 §4.3 钻床夹具的主要技术要求 ............................................... 12 §4.4 夹紧方案的确定................................................................. 13 第五章 夹紧力的计算 ...................................... 14 §5.1 切削力（钻削力）的计算 ............................................... 14
§5.1.1 切削力的计算公式 ................................................ 14 §5.1.2 切削力大小的确定 ................................................ 14 §5.2 夹紧力的计算 ..................................................................... 15 第六章 夹具相关部件的设计 ............................... 18 §6.1 钻套的设计 ......................................................................... 18
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河南科技大学毕业设计（论文）
§6.1.1 钻套的分类.............................................................. 18 §6.1.2 钻套的设计要点 ..................................................... 18 §6.1.3 钻模板的类型和设计 ............................................ 20 §6.2 削边销 .................................................................................. 20 §6.3 支承板 .................................................................................. 21 §6.4 压板 ...................................................................................... 21 §6.5 夹具体中间支架................................................................. 22 §6.6 齿轮齿条偏心轮部分的设计 ........................................... 23
§6.6.1 齿轮的设计.............................................................. 25 §6.6.2 键的选取及校核 ..................................................... 25 §6.6.3 滚动轴承的选取 ..................................................... 26 §6.7 插拔销部分的设计 ............................................................ 26 §6.8 气缸部分的设计................................................................. 29 第七章 夹具主要零件所用的材料 .......................... 31 结 论 ........................................................ 32 参考文献 .................................................... 32 致 谢....................................................... 33
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