“越??,越??”。依据句意:“现在学习越努力,将来会越好。” 四、最高级的用法。
1.三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,形容词最高级用\最高级”结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。 ——Who is ____running star in your college? ——I think Philip is.[长春]
A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.1ess famous
答案:C解析:由in your college\在你们大学里”限定范围,使用最高级,故选C。
Of all the sports shoes , John bought _________ pair. Then he had some money for socks. [成都市]
A. a cheaper B. the most wonderful C. the least expensive [答案]C。[解析] 考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知,one of+(最高级)+名词复数,故排除A,再看句意,“因此他留下一些钱买袜子”故选C。 ——What do you like____,tea,coffee or milk? --Tea, of course. [浙江] A.better B.good C.well D.best 答案:D解析:本题考查副词最高级的用法。从三者中选择一者,构成了最高级的用法,故选D。
2.形容词最高级可被序数词以及much.By far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really。nothing like等词语所修饰。 【考例】
4.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。 【考例】 —Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 一Yes.I've never been to ____one before.[苏州]
A.a more exciting B.the most excited C.a more excited D.the most exciting
答案:A解析:由句意“我以前从未参加过比这个更令人兴奋的晚会”可知,此处要用比较级,故排除B、D两项。修饰物时要用一ing形式的形容词,故选A。 5.形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。
Welcome to our hotel.It's ____in the city.[北京] A.good B.better C.best D.the best
答案:D解析:由in the city这一范围确定要用最高级,且最高级前要使用冠词the,故选D。
English is one of ____important subjects in our school.[ 济南] A.most B.the most C.more D.much more
答案:B解析:本题考查形容词最高级的用法,根据范围in our school可判断用最高级,故选B。
--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans. --I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省] A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the
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heaviest
Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework_________.[南京市] A. more carefully B. more carelessly C. more careful D. more careless
[答案]A。 [解析]考查副词的比较级。修饰动词应用副词,且此题为比较级,故选A。
六、考查形容词、副词词义或用法上的区别
【考例】Susan enjoys a cup of tea at times,but ____she drinks coffee.[扬州市] A. mostly B almost C.nearly D.most [答案]A。[解析]本题应从句意上破解,“大多数时候”她喜欢喝咖啡,四个选项中, mostly可用作副词修饰谓语动词,符合句意。
Zhou Feng has 1earned English for many years,but he can _____understand the English speakers.[07江西省] A. hardly B certainly C.always D.almost [答案]A。[解析]考查副词词义的区别。 抓住连词but是破解题目的关键所在,它在句中表转折,意为“但是”。 学了多年英语,理应能听懂英语,但他却“不能”,所以应选表示否定含义的副词hard1y。
Remember to e-mail me.All of us hope to hear from you________.[天津市] A quickly B soon C.fast D.quick [答案]B。[解析] 此处应是副词作状语,所以D项排除。quickly常指动作敏捷,soon意为“很快;不久\;fast常指速度快。由句意可知B项正确。
Unluckily,Mr. Brown drove so ____that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening.[ 连云港] A.careless B.careful C.carefully D.carelessly 答案:D解析:本题考查形容词与副词的用法,副词修饰动词。由题意“太粗心撞到了树上”,故选carelessly。 [沈阳]
Alice ____eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fat. A.rarely B.always C.nearly D.carefully 答案:A解析:rarely意为“很少”;always意为“总是”;near1y意为“几乎”;carefully意为“细心地”。 【语法回顾】 形容词和副词
形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性,副词和形容词一样,在句中起修饰作用,所不同的是:形容词主要修饰名词;而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。
1. 形容词的用法
(1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如:
Our country is a beautiful country. 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家。(作定语) The fish went bad. 鱼变坏了。(作表语)
We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们保持我们的教室干净、整洁。(作宾语补足语)
(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。
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I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。
Is there anything interesting in the film. 在这部电影里有一些有趣的事情吗?
(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。
Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每个人,无论男人、妇女,老人和年轻人应该参加会议。
You can take any box away, big or small. 你可以拿走箱子,大的或小的。 (4) 用形容词表示类别和整体。某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接,如the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。例如:
The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。
(5)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用,如the British,the English,the French,the Chinese等。例如: The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。
2. 副词的用法
(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 He studies very hard. 他学习很努力。(作状语)
Life here is full of joy.这儿的生活充满着愉快。 (作定语) When will you be back? 你什么时候回来? (作表语) 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类: 1)时间副词
时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如:
He often comes to school late.他经常上学迟到。
What are we going to do tomorrow? 我们明天干什么? He ?s never been to Beijing.他从来没有到过北京。 2)地点副词
地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如:
I met an old friend of mine on my way home.在回家的路上,我遇见了一位老朋友。 He went upstairs.他上楼了。
Put down your name here.写下你的名字。 3)方式副词
方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的,其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly,
successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如:
The old man walked home slowly.这位老人慢慢地走回家。 Please listen to the teacher carefully.请仔细听老师讲的。
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He runs very fast.他跑得很快。 4)程度副词
程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词,有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如: Her pronunciation is very good.他的发音很好。 She sings quite well.他唱得相当好。
I can hardly agree with you.我不能同意你的意见。 5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有:how, when, where, why等。例如:
How are you getting along with your studies? 你的学习进展得怎么样? Where were you yesterday? 昨天你在哪里? Why did you do that? 你为什么做那件事? (2)副词在句中的位置
1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语,则放在宾语之后。例如: Mr Smith works very hard.史密斯先生工作和努力。 She speaks English well.他的英语讲得很好。 2)频度副词作状语时,通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词,助动词和be动词之后。例如:
He usually gets up early.他通常起得早。
I?ve never heard him singing.我从未听过他唱歌。 She is seldom ill.她很少生病。
3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时,通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如:
It is a rather difficult job.这是一份相当难的工作。 He runs very fast.他跑得很快。
He didn?t work hard enough.他工作不够努力。
4)副词作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如:
On my way home, I met my uncle.在回家的路上,我遇见了我的叔叔。
The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.这里的学生有许多时间做研究工作。
(3)部分常用副词的用法 1) very, much
这两个副词都可表示“很”,但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级,而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如: She is a very nice girl她是一个很漂亮的姑娘。 I?m feeling much better now.现在我感觉很好。 Much可以修饰动词,而very则不能。例如: I don?t like the idea much.我不太喜欢这个主意。 They did not talk much.他们很少交谈。 2) too, either
这两个副词都表示“也”,但too用于肯定句,either用于否定句。例如: She can dance, and I can dance, too.她会跳舞,我也会。
I haven?t read the book and my brother hasn?t either.我没有读这本书,我的弟弟也没
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