v1.0 可编辑可修改 3. They have to study something that boosts their prospects of landing a job. (Para. 1) Meaning: They have to study something that improves their chances of success in finding a job. ★boost: vt. increase or improve sth. to make it more successful 促进；推动；使兴旺 Some countries hope that warmer weather and more rain will boost their farm output. 一些国家希望更温暖的天气和更多的降雨能提高他们的农业产量。 ★prospect: n. [C, U] sth. that is possible or likely to happen in the future, or the possibility itself 可能的事情；很能发生的事情；前景 Career prospects in science and technology are virtually unlimited. 科技类职业的前景几乎是无可限量的。 4. The data show that as students have increasingly shouldered the ever-rising cost of tuition, they have defected from the study of the humanities and toward applied science and “hard” skills that they bet will lead to unemployment. Meaning: The facts and information show that as students have spent increasingly more money on tuition, they have turned away from the humanities to some practical courses that they believe will enable them to get a job more easily. ★defect: vi. Leave a country, political party, or organization to go to another one 被判；叛逃 He defected from the party in the late 1970s. 他在20世纪70年代后期背叛了该党。 n. [C] a fault in sb. or sth. 缺点；欠缺；不足之处 Stammering is probably an inherited defect. 口吃可能是一种遗传缺陷。 ★applied: a. (usu. before noun) used for describing educational subjects when they are studied for their practical uses （学科）应用的，实用的 Industry leaders want scientists to engage in basic research, not applied research. 产业领导者们希望科学家们从事基础研究，而不是应用研究。 ★bet : (bet, bet) vt. be fairly sure that sth. is true, that sth. will happen, etc., although you can’t prove this 肯定 I bet the train will be late. 我敢打赌，列车会晚点。 v. risk money on the result of a race, game, competition or other future event 下赌注；与…打赌 16. 学习帮手 . v1.0 可编辑可修改 will continue to shrink and worsen for a long time each year. Note It might be worthwhile to have a review of the word slide used as a noun or a verb: n. [usu. sing.] a situation in which sth. gradually gets worse or sb. develops a problem (情况) 变糟，恶化；（人）出现问题 School administrators were unable to explain the slide in students’ performance. 学校管理人员无法解释学生成绩下降的原因。 v. gradually become worse, or begin to have a problem 逐渐破坏；开始出现问题 Students’ test scores started to slide in the mid-1990s. 20世纪90年代中期，学生的考分开始下降。 ★succession: n. [sing.] a series of people or things of the same type 一连串，一系列（同类型的人或物） After graduation, he took a succession of low-paid jobs. 毕业后他干了一连串报酬低微的工作。 ★in succession: happening one after the other without anything different happening in between 连续发生地；接连发生地 She is an accomplished athlete and won the championship four times in succession. 她是一个成功的运动员，连续四次获得冠军。 8. There already has been a nearly 50 percent decline in the portion of liberal arts majors over the past generation, and it is logical to think that the trend is bound to continue or even accelerate. (Para. 3) Meaning: Based on the factor that there already has been about 50 percent decrease in the numbers of students majoring in liberal arts over the past years, it is reasonable to think that the trend will surely continue or even speed up. ★liberal: a. 1) (～arts) school or college subjects that give students a general education and teach them to think rather than those subjects that develop practical skills 文科 The liberal arts are college or university subjects such as history, languages and literature but not science. 文科是学院或大学的如历史、语言和文学之类的学习课目，而不是理科学科。 2) accepting different opinions and ways of behaving and tending to be sympathetic to other 17. 学习帮手 . v1.0 可编辑可修改 2) a thick strong upright post that supports part of a building 柱子；支柱 Eight massive stone pillars supported the roof. 八根巨大的石柱支撑起房顶。 ★vivid: a. having or producing very clear and detailed images in the mind 清晰的；生动的 He gave a very vivid and often shocking account of his time in prison. 他描述了他在监狱的往事，非常生动，也非常令人震惊。 ★compel: vt. force sb. to do sth. 强迫；迫使 As a school boy, he was compelled to wear shorts even in winter. 当他还是一个在校的小男孩时，即使在冬天他也被迫穿短裤。 ★compelling: a. interesting or exciting enough to keep your attention completely 有强烈吸引力的；引人入胜的 Steve Job’s life makes a compelling story. 史蒂夫·乔布斯的一生是一个引人入胜的故事。 10. Here, please allow me to stand up for and promote the true value that the humanities add to people’s lives. (Para. 4) Meaning: I here ask for your permission to let me defend and advertise the true value that the humanities bring to people’s lives. ★stand up for: support or defend a person or an idea when they are being attacked 支持；保卫；维护 Mary stood up for me at the meeting, sparing me some embarrassment. 玛丽在会议上支持了我，使我免受了一些尴尬。 ★promote: vt. support or encourage sth. 支持；鼓励；提倡 To acknowledge other cultures will promote good will among people of different backgrounds. 承认别人的文化会促进不同背景的人之间的友好亲善。 11. Since ancient times, people have speculated about the mystery of those inner forces that drive some people to greatness and others to self-destruction. (Para. 4) Meaning: Ever since ancient times, people have thought carefully and seriously why the mysterious forces coming from their inner world could be so powerful that it could make some people great while others morally deteriorate. ★speculated about / on: make guesses about the possible causes or effects of sth. without knowing all the facts or details 猜测；推测 18. 学习帮手 . v1.0 可编辑可修改 natural ability to know something. ★unconscious: a. relating to or coming from the part of your mind in which there are thoughts and feelings that you do not realize you have 潜意识的；下意识的；无意识的 I don’t know if he noticed my unconscious desire. 我不知他是否注意到我潜意识的愿望。 14. From the beginning of time, this inner aspect of our being, this drive that can be constructive or destructive, has captured our imagination. (Para. 5) Meaning: Since ancient times, it is this very inner force of our being, either constructive or destructive, that has stimulated our imagination. ★destructive: a. causing severe damage or harm 破坏性的；毁灭性的 Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship. 缺乏信任在人际关系中是很具有破坏性的。 15. The stories of this amazing struggle have formed the basis of cultures the world over. (Para. 5) Meaning: It is these stories about this fascinating inner struggle of human beings that have laid the foundation of the world cultures. 16. Historians、architects、authors、 philosophers and artists have captured the words, images and meanings of this inner struggle in the form of story、music、painting、architecture、sculpture、 landscape and traditions. (Para. 5) Meaning: Our historians、architects、authors、 philosophers and artists have successfully caught the words, images and meanings of this mysterious inner force by way of story、music、painting、architecture、sculpture、 landscape and traditions. ★architect: n. [C] sb. whose job is to design buildings 建筑师 He is the architect of this building, and he’s always on the construction site. 他是这个大楼的建筑师，他总出现在施工现场。 ★philosopher: n. [C] sb. who studies and tries to explain the meaning of things such as life, knowledge, or beliefs 哲学家；哲人 Plato was a Greek philosopher. 柏拉图是希腊哲学家。 ★in the form of: in the way sth. is or appears to be 以…形式；以…方式 They received a benefit in the form of a tax reduction. 他们通过减税的方式获益。 ★landscape: n. [C] 19. 学习帮手 . v1.0 可编辑可修改 Fertile soil helps Canada rank among the world’s leading wheat producers. 肥沃的土壤帮助加拿大跻身世界主要小麦生产国。 a / the body of sth.: a large amount or mass of sth., esp. sth. that has been collected 大量的某物 Acquiring a language is learning a skill, not collecting a body of information. 学语言是学习技能，而不是获取大量的信息。 19. Studying the humanities improves our ability to read and write. No matter what we do in life, we will have a huge advantage if we can read complex ideas and understand their meaning. We will have a bright career if we are the person in the office who can write a clear and elegant analysis of these ideas! (Para. 6) Meaning: Studying the humanities helps us improve our reading and writing ability. In whatever situation, it is a great advantage if we understand complex ideas through reading. To illustrate, if we are the person in the office who can write and analyze those complex ideas in a logical, clear, intelligent yet simple manner, we will have a promising career. ★elegant: a. 1) very intelligent yet simple （想法或计划）巧妙的，简洁的 The document impressed me with its elegant simplicity. 该文件给我留下了精辟简明的深刻印象。 2) beautiful, attractive and graceful 优美的；高雅的 Patricia looked beautiful and elegant as always. 帕特里夏看上去总是那么美丽优雅。 ★analysis: n. [C, U] a process of studying or examining sth. in detail in order to understand it or explain it 分析 I’m interested in Clare’s analysis of the situation in China. 我对克莱尔对中国形势的分析很感兴趣。 20. Studying the humanities makes us familiar with the language of emotion and the creative process. (Para. 7) Meaning: We get more familiar with the expressions of emotion and the process of creation by studying the humanities. 21. In an information economy, many people have the ability to produce a useful product such as a new MP3 player. (Para. 7) 20. 学习帮手 .
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