4)Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 我们上周星期天用过的机器是哪一台？ 3.修饰物只用which的情况：
a. 先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时 b. 先行词为that时
eg.1)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived . 这就是鲁迅以前住过的房子。 2)What’s that which you are holding in your arms? 你抱着的那个是什么？ *三、定语从句可简化为短语
1．定语从句为被动语态时可简化为过去分词短语；定语从句为现在进行时可简化为现在分词短语。
2．定语从句的谓语(be)后是介词短语，可简化为介词短语作定语。 3．定语从句的谓语动词含情态动词，可简化为不定式。 eg.1)I bought a book that was written by Lu Xun. = I bought a book written by Lu Xun.
2)Tell the children who are playing there not to do that. = Tell the children playing there not to do that. 3)The book that is on the table is mine. = The book on the table is mine.
4) We have nothing that we should fear. = We have nothing to fear.
练 习
选择填空
( )1.The man ____ was a friend of mine. A. that you just talked to
B. whom you just talked to him C. who you just talked to him D. which you just talked to
( )2.This is the best film ____has been shown this year. A. who B. that C. which D. when
( )3.Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that D. in where
( )4.Mr. Li told us the stones and writers ____ interested him A. what B. who C. that D. which
( )5.My father still remembers the day ___ he joined the army. A. when B. which C. to which D. from which
( )6.I’ll never forget the summer holidays ____ we spent together. A. when B. in which C. which D. how
( )7—Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees? —Yes, he does.
A. which B. whose C. where D. who
( )8.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that
( )9.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
( )10.—Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher? —Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which
( )11.I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where
( )12.George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which
( )13.This is the place _____I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which
( )14.Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when ( )15.The moon is a world ___there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why ( )16.He has forgotten the day ___ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which
( )17.He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which
( )18.Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which
( )19.He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where ( )20.This is the house ______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where
( )21.He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where
( )22.He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when
十五、反意疑问句
由“陈述句 + 附加疑问句”两部分构成。一般有两种形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点： 1）主语只能用人称代词；2）附加疑问句的not必须与（be /助/情）缩写；3）附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。
eg.1)Tom is a work, isn’t Tom?(找错)_______ 2)You can swim, can not you?(找错)______ 3)He had lunch, doesn’t he?(找错)________
特别注意以下几种反意疑问句 1. 陈述部分含否定意味的词(few, little,
never, nothing, nobody, no, hardly, none)，附加疑问句应使用肯定形式（但前缀词unhappy, unlike, disappear等列外） eg. They are unhappy, aren’t they?
2.陈述部分的主语是everything, something, nothing, anything时，附加疑问句的
主语应用it；陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one时，附加疑问句的主语应用they。 eg.1)Everything is ready, ___________? 2)Everyone is here, ____________?
3.陈述部分是祈使句时，附加疑问句一般用：will you? 但注意： Let’s … , shall we? Let us … , will you?
4.陈述部分含must时，附加疑问句一般用needn’t. eg. I must finish my work now, _________?
5.陈述部分是there be结构时，应用there be结构来完成。 eg. There’s little water, ___________
*6.陈述部分含宾语从句时，疑问部分通常与主句一致。但当主句的谓语动词是think, believe且主语是I , we时，即：
I / We think (believe) + 宾从，则附加问句应与从句一致。I’m sure + 宾从也是如此
eg.1)She said I did it, ____________?
2)We don’t think you are right, ________? 3)I’m sure you’ll help me, ____________? *7.I’m… , aren’t I?
eg.I am older than you, __________?
8.陈述部分含had better, 疑问部分应用had better来回答。 eg. You’d better go out , ___________?
9.陈述部分是感叹句，附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致。 eg. 1)What a kind girl, __________? 2)What a fine day, ___________?
练 习
( )1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday, _____? A. didn’t you B. did not you C. had not you D. did you ( )2.Don’t eat too much, ____?
A. will you B. don’t you C. do you D. can you ( )3.Lily looks like Lucy, ____? A. is Lily B. isn’t she C. does Lily D. doesn’t she
( )4.—You didn’t change your mind, did you--- ______. A. No, I didn’t B. Yes, did I C. No, I did D. Yes, I didn’t
( )5.The woman hardly let her daughter go to school, ____ she ? A. does B. doesn’t C. did D. didn’t
( )6.Be sure to come to the parents’ meeting on time, ____? A. will you B. aren’t you C. can’t you D. mustn’t you ( )7.Let’s have a good rest, ____?
A. will we B. do we C. shalln’t we D. shall we
( )8.He has never ridden a horse before, ___?
A. does he B. has he C. hasn’t he D. doesn’t ( )9.Tom has supper at school, ___? A. hasn’t he B. has he C. doesn’t he D. does he
( )10.There is little water in the glass, ___? A. isn’t there B. isn’t it C. is it
D. is there
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