一、语法知识归纳 一、基本概念
（一） 定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二） 先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。 （三）关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。在定语从句中充当状语。 二、关系代词的用法
（一）基本用法 根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表： 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注
关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面 关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.
that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as 人，物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
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