例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） ① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语） ② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语） ③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语） ④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语） ⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语） 注意：
关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例③④）
（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况
which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。 但在有些情况下，只用 that。 ⑴ 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 例如： ① This is the best that has been used against pollution. ② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
⑵ 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 例如： ① This is the last place (that) I want to visit. ② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen. ⑶ 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。 例如： ① You should hand in all that you have. ② We haven’t got much that we can offer you.
⑷ 先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。 例如： ① The only thing
that we can do is to give you some money. ② The little money (that) he had was stolen. （三）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况
⑴ 先行词是one, ones, anyone时。 例如： ① One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. ② Don’t tell anyone about the news who oughtn’t to know it. ⑵先行词是those时。 例如： ① Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth. （四）其它情况
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