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1) My Plan for the Spring Festival（春节计划）
Spring festival is the most important festival for Chinese people. Many people will prepare many things for the spring festival. Now this is my plan for the spring festival. The first, I will visit my friends and my relatives. The second, I will make a big snow man with my daughter and my wife. The third, I will stay with my parents, because I have no more time to stay with them at peacetime. This is my plan for the spring festival. I hope all of you have a good time in the spring festival.
2) The Chinese New Year （中国新年）
“New Year” is a time for good cheer. In China men and women, boys and girls, all look forward to a happy year. It is time for rest and refreshment. Business is suspended for a time. Young fellows lay aside their school work and give themselves up to merriment and joy. Each family has its members together for reunion. Friends call on one another. Public places are filled with all kinds of cheerful people. Children with lucky money in their new clothes have a delightful time playing games. The Chinese New Year lasts about a fortnight. It gives sufficient recreation to people.
3) My Plan for the National Day Holiday
National Holiday is coming. There are altogether 7 days, so I need to plan it in advance. Firstly, I plan to have a good rest for the first 2 days when I can have a good sleep and don’t worry to get up late, and then do a good cleaning of the home. Secondly, I would go to Zhouzhuang, a traditional southern town with my husband for a 2 days’ trip. I hope I like it. Thirdly, I would fly to Beijing to attend my classmate’s wedding. These above are my plans for the National Holiday.
4) 1、了解对方近来的情况。2、通知对方同学将在元旦举行聚会。3、请对方参加。 Dear Robert:
I haven’t got your email for a long time. Are you still working for that IT company? How about your work?
I’m writing to you to tell you that the English Department of
Shanghai University takes pleasure in inviting the graduates to its New Year’s Evening Party, which will be held at the Assembly Hall on Saturday evening, December 31st, 2005. The party begins at 7 p.m.
I think it’s a good chance for us to get together, would you please email me whether you will go to the party? Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes Jean
5) 1、了解对方近来的情况。2、通知对方同学将在五一举行聚会。3、请对方参加。
A Get-together on May 1st April 15, 2007 Dear Wang Hong:
How is everything getting along with you? It is almost one year since we graduated from university. I miss you very much. What have you been doing all these days?
I have been a middle school teacher in my hometown since
graduation. Teaching always keeps me busy, but I like my students and I love teaching, you know. So everything is fine here. There will be a former classmates’ getting together during this May Day holiday at my school.
You are my best friend. I never forget those happy days we spent together. I hope you can come to my school when the time is due and you are free.
I am looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua
? 爱好类
1) The Job I Like （职业）
I like to be a teacher. Three reasons have led me to choose this occupation. First, teaching is learning. To make my lectures more constructive and stimulating, I have to read more books, explore new knowledge and gain a better understanding of the world, which is the very thing I enjoy in my life. Second, teaching means freedom and independence. As a teacher, I’m free to use my own ideas and make my own decisions. Finally, I like teaching because it offers certain peace of mind. All in all, the reasons above make me like teaching best.
2) My Favorite TV program （电视节目）
The News Report has always been my favorite TV program. The News Report contains a large amount of information ranging from the international political situation to the latest football game. And the most important character is its fast pace. Because of this fast pace, news programs can contain much information in a short time. In my opinion, the News Report is more than a TV program. It is a way of communication. From this program, people can know and understand world affairs. I especially appreciate this benefit of watching the news.
3) My Favorite Book 11) The Book I Like Best （喜爱的书）
My favorite book is “Dream of The Red Chamber”. The book tries to tell us that there are different kinds of love, only one kind which should be considered as True Love. In our life, we should marry the true love instead of wealth and good looks. From this book, we also get to know a part of the noble people’s life in Qing Dynasty and
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find some life philosophies from it. So this book is very instructive to people. We should learn more from this book as well as other books. 4) My Favorite Food （喜爱食物）
I like many different kinds of foods, among them, egg is my favorite. Egg contains a lot of essential nutrients needed by the human body. Eggs are oval shaped spheres with a light brown color. Egg is the basic ingredient to many dishes, like omelet and French toast. You can easily get eggs at any supermarket, and they are sold for a very cheap price too. Besides the cheap price, egg contains lots of
nutrients and is a very good source of energy. In conclusion, egg is my favorite food.
5) My Hobbies （我的业余爱好）
I have many hobbies, such as sports, singing, playing the violin and keeping a diary. I like sports very much. I go running at five o'clock in the morning. After classes in the afternoon, I play table-tennis with my friends. These sports have kept me healthy. At home, I like to sing and play the violin. I practice singing and playing the violin every day. Busy as I am, I am quite happy. Of all my hobbies I like reading books best. In my bedroom there are nearly six hundred books. There are story books, textbooks, magazines, and others. All these books have enriched my knowledge. 6) Sports （喜爱的运动）
Just as lots of teenagers take to pop music, I love basketball. It’s part of my life. I began to play basketball in my childhood. I still
remember the good old days when I played with my classmates after school. Later on, as I grew up, almost everything changed, but this sport-playing basketball remained and my love of it grew even stronger.
I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life. When I got tired from office work, I went to the sports ground and felt
refreshed. If there were worries and cares from daily life, I went to the sports ground. There everything went away except basketball. It is basketball that keeps me in good shape and mood.
? 信函类
1) 你的一位外国朋友给你来信，打算到中国旅游。你给他回信，提出旅游建议。你的回信应包括下列内容： 1.接到朋友的来信； 2.你对旅游的安排计划及理由； 3.表达你希望见到朋友的心愿。 Dear Sam:
I have just received your letter and know that you are going to come to China to see me. I am really excited by it. You know I miss you so much. In your letter, you mentioned your travel plan. I advise you to go to Beijing and Xi’an. There are many royal buildings in Beijing like Palace Museum, Summer Palace. Xi’an is typical of old China. There are lots of historical buildings there, especially those of Qin
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Dynasty. you been doing these years? Do you keep in touch with other I hope you enjoy your stay in China. I am looking forward to your classmates? coming. I have been working in SHTVU since my graduation and now I’m Yours ever engaged in the distance education, which is quite new to me, but I John enjoy it very much because it involves a lot of multimedia in my 2) 选择一个你想旅游的地点，并安排旅行计划。你应包括下列内容： 1.说明teaching.
你想旅游的地点； 2.说明你为什么选择这个地点； 3.描述你的旅行计划。 I miss you very much. When can you pay a visit to me? Dear Amy, Looking forward to hearing from you. I plan to make a journey to Jiuzhaigou in Si Chuan province. It’s a Best regards beautiful place with fresh air, beautiful natural scenery like waterfall, Jean lake and high mountains. Because many films and TV series have 7) 1. 告诉对方你最近将出去旅游。2. 了解对方所在地的旅游点。3. 请对been made here, it is very famous. What’s more, I am very busy 方给予帮忙安排。 and exhausted this year, so I want to go for a relaxation. I plan to stay Dear Robert: there for a week and travel with a tour group. I believe I will enjoy How is everything going with you these days? I’d like to let you myself there. know that I’m going to Hainan to have a holiday next Saturday and Regards stay there for about ten days. Yours ever Tim Hainan is the place that I’ve been wanting to visit most. Since it is 3) 你的朋友邀请你参加他/她的生日聚会，告诉对方你不能接受他/她的邀your hometown, could you give me a very brief introduction about 请。你应包括下列内容： 1.告诉对方你不能接受他/她的邀请； 2.对对方的where to stay, where to eat and what to see? I’m told that Sanya is 邀请表示感谢； 3.说明无法接受邀请的原因。 really very beautiful and there are many different interesting activities Dear Lisa: that people can enjoy very much.
Congratulations on your coming birthday. Thanks for your invitation, Would you please book a hotel for me in the center of Sanya if it is but I am sorry that I am afraid I am not able to attend your birthday convenient? Well, I feel very excited that we’ll see each other very party. You know, our company will hold an important meeting in our soon. Paris branch to talk about the recent trouble appearing in business. I Looking forward to hearing from you. am the one who needs to make a presentation. I am terribly sorry for Much love! that. Anyway, I hope everything goes well in your birthday party. Jean Remember to show me the pictures taken in the party when I come 8) 1、了解对方近来的情况。2、通知对方同学将在元旦举行聚会。3、请对back from business trip. 方参加。 Best regards! Yours ever Dear Robert: Susan I haven’t got your email for a long time. Are you still working for that 5) 你应邀到一位好友家吃晚饭。事后给朋友写信表示谢意。你的信应包括下IT company? How about your work? 列内容： 1.表达谢意； 2.表达想回请的意愿； 3.期待朋友的光临。 I’m writing to you to tell you that the English Department of Dear Amy: Shanghai University takes pleasure in inviting the graduates to its Thanks for your invitation to your home last night. I enjoy the food New Year’s Evening Party, which will be held at the Assembly Hall very much. I will hold a small party to celebrate my birthday on on Saturday evening, December 31st, 2005. The party begins at 7 November 12th, and I will invite a lot of friends to have dinner at my p.m. home, would you like to join us? Oh, there will also be a band to I think it’s a good chance for us to get together, would you please perform live music. I think it will be exciting to dance with the live email me whether you will go to the party? music. Please be sure to come. I am looking forward to your coming. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours Best wishes Cynthia Jean 6) 1. 了解对方毕业后的情况。2. 你的近况。3. 邀请对方方便时来访。 9) 1、了解对方近来的情况。2、通知对方同学将在五一举行聚会。3、请对Dear Robert: 方参加。 I haven’t seen you for a long time since we graduated. What have A Get-together on May 1st
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April 15, 2007
Dear Wang Hong:
How is everything getting along with you? It is almost one year since we graduated from university. I miss you very much. What have you been doing all these days?
I have been a middle school teacher in my hometown since
graduation. Teaching always keeps me busy, but I like my students and I love teaching, you know. So everything is fine here. There will be a former classmates’ getting together during this May Day holiday at my school.
You are my best friend. I never forget those happy days we spent together. I hope you can come to my school when the time is due and you are free.
I am looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua
10). 1. 了解对方最近的学习情况。2. 你的学习情况。3. 请对方说说提高英语水平的经验。 Dear Robert:
I’m very pleased to know that you are now studying in Qinghua University from your email. How about your study and life there? Since I am now working in an American company where I have to use English every day, I began studying English in SHTVU this summer. But it’s really very hard, and the most difficult for me is how to memorize all these English words.
I know that you are good at English. Would you tell me your own experience in English study and give me some good tips? Well, take care of yourself!
Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes Jean
11) 1. 你的近况。2. 请对方帮你购买英语语法书。3. 邀请对方方便时来访。 Dear Robert:
Haven’t got your email for some time and how about you? I am worried about my English study very much since the final examination is getting nearer and nearer.
I’ve got some problems in my study, especially in grammar.
Sometimes, I’m quite confused with different tenses. So my teacher recommended me a grammar book, 《Advanced English Grammar》, which can only be bought in Beijing. Could I trouble you to buy one for me?
We haven’t seen each other since we parted. I hope you will take a vocation to Shanghai.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
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Good luck! Jean
12) 1. 告诉对方你将参加英语四级考试。2. 询问对方如何做准备。3. 请对方建议一些参考书。 Dear Robert:
I’d like to tell you that your tips for study are really very helpful to me and I have made rapid progress in my English study. So I’m going to take CET-4 next term.
I know that you passed it last year. Would you tell me how I can get prepared for it and what should I pay attention to? I don’t want to fail it.
I think you must have much experience in it, so could you recommend me some books for practice? Looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes Jean
13) 1. 告诉对方你将参加PETS四级考试。2. 请对方帮忙购买口语教材。3. 邀请对方来访。 Dear Li Hua:
It’s long time we haven’t seen each other. I miss you very much. How’s everything going on with you? I am busy preparing for PETS 4.
I would appreciate if you could help me buy PETS 4 English oral textbook which was issued by the Beijing Press, because the books were sold out here.
Drop in when you are free. I often think of those happy days we spent together when we were at University.
Please let me know as soon as possible once you get the book. My best wishes. Yours truly, Wang Lei
? 记叙类
? 1) My Dream（梦想）
I have a dream from the first time I sit in a car—I want to drive. Driving is the most meaningful way to meet human being’s desire of “faster”. What’s more, driving a car can take me to any place I want whether it rains, snows, blows or not. A smooth ride in a good car is enjoyable. With rows of trees moving backward rapidly, music played, breeze blowing, my soul flies in the air. I love this feeling very much.
2) My Family （我的家庭）
There are seven people in my family. They're my grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, my two younger brothers and I. My father is a businessman. He's busy working everyday. My mother is a housewife. She cooks meals, washes clothes, and teaches us
lessons everyday. One of my younger brothers is a junior high school student, and we go to the same school. My grandparents help my parents look after the youngest brother every day. We go to the movies every Sunday. How's your family? 3) My Classmates （同学）
Liu Kai is my classmate. He is a good student and always ready to help others. One day on his way to school, he saw a little girl crossing the road when a car nearly hit her. Just then Liu Kai rushed up to her and caught her by the arm. The little girl was saved. She told him where she lived, and he took her home. When Liu Kai hurried into the classroom, the teacher had already begun lesson. He told the teacher why he was late. He was then praised for what he had done. 4) My Hometown （我的家乡）
My hometown is Haimen, which is not far from Shanghai. Haimen is a modern city. There are lots of high buildings in it. Most of us live in flats because we can be close to our friends. My hometown is a beautiful city. On either side of the roads, there are some big trees and nice flowers. The roads are also very clean, which makes people happy and comfortable. The weather here is very nice. I like autumn best, for it’s neither hot nor cold but very cool. I love Haimen. Welcome to my hometown.
5) My Best Friend （我的好朋友）
Linda is my best friend. She is 15 years old pretty girl with a round face and two big black eyes. She always has a smile on her face. Every morning, we go to school together. She studies quite well and she's one of the top students in our class. When I have difficulty in English, I always ask her for help. We are both interested in music. At weekends, we join the same hobby group and play the violin together. We like each other and enjoy staying together. 6) Living in a Big Family （生活大家庭）
I live in a big family with 4 generations together. There are 5 people in my family. We share a 3-bedroom flat with each other. My grandparents have got retired and enjoy the love from the
grandchild-me. My parents both work in a bank. I study in Fudan University and like the college life very much. Every weekday, we are busy with our own business. But on weekends, our whole family will gather together with Mum cooking delicious food. I love my family and enjoy living in a big family.
7) A Day to Remember （难忙的一天）
It was Sunday. Our teacher Mr. Zhu led us to a park nearby. Usually we go to the park to spend our holiday. But today we went there to take part in voluntary labor. We got there at nine o’clock. Mr. Zhu divided us into three groups and then we began working. Group One was responsible to plant trees and water flowers. Group Two were busy collecting litter left by the tourists. I was in Group Three. We went to the children’s playground and cleaned all the equipment there. We worked very hard. At about eleven we finished work. We all
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were tired but very happy. I will never forget the day in my memory. 8) My Teacher （我的老师）
My English teacher is Miss Huang. She is a beautiful lady. There is always a smile on her face. Miss Huang likes singing. She is good at playing the piano. In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music. She is a good dancer, too. Sometimes she teaches us dancing. Miss Huang likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute. Her favorite color is blue, because blue is the color of the sky and the sea. She is my favorite teacher. Our classmates all like her very much. ? 议论类
1) About Television （关于电视）
Television has its good as well as bad sides. It makes us informed of daily news, lets us know the outside world, provides lessons for learners, and it has brought joy and interest into people’s lives. Unfortunately, some television programs have been extremely harmful to the young. Violent movies are shown on TV programs. Children regard the murders as heroes or models, so they imitate. Therefore there happened many murders or shooting cases in American campuses. What a big harm. So young people should learn to get ride of the bad influences of TV and learn to make use of the advantages that TV brings us. 2) The Computer （电脑）
Nowadays, computers are becoming more and more popular.
Computers can help different people in different ways. They can help children with lessons and homework, help students and scholars do calculations, analyze data and present the latest achievements.
Furthermore, they can assist engineers and experts in the design of a mold, a bridge or a spaceship. Besides, computers can offer fun and entertainment to us with the internet games, movies, and etc. Indeed, computers have become a good companion of man. 3) How to Keep Healthy 如何体持健康
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health, but how to keep healthy? First, it is necessary to take some exercise every day. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder. Second, eat more fruits, vegetables and less meat. Third, getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking is also an important way to keep healthy. Smoking and alcohol drinking injure one's health a great deal, and therefore should be given up. If people follow these three ways of keeping fit, they’ll greatly improve their health.
5) Advantages and Disadvantages of the Mobile Phone （使用手机好处和坏处）
Like everything else, mobile phones have both favorable and
unfavorable aspects. First, it's useful. As a wireless mobile telephone,
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it's easy and handy to call wherever one goes and call the one
however far away he is. Second, it's convenient. Whenever one meets trouble or something urgent, one can make a call immediately. However, the mobile phone also has many disadvantages. First, it's expensive to buy and costly to pay the bills. Second, it's also easy to lose and costly to get it repaired. Third, it's alleged the microwaves in it might do harm to people's health. I believe its advantages will far outweigh disadvantages soon.
6) My Opinion on Cell Phones（关于手机的看法）
Cell phones do play an important role in people’s daily life, but every coin has its two sides. To start with, as a wireless mobile phone, it’s convenient for the user at any time to contact others. Secondly, it’s a helpful companion. With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs. However, the cell phone has many disadvantages. For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to
mention its global service. For another, the radiation from the mobile phones might do harm to the user’s health. In my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply after China’s entry into the WTO, its development will have a brighter future. Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages. 7) About Friendship （关于友谊）
Friendship is a kind of human relations. It is a human instinct to make friends. When in trouble, we need friends to offer us help, support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys. Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy. It implies loyalty, cordiality, sympathy, affection, and readiness to help. In short, when we have established friendship, we ought to cherish and treasure it. Only thus, can we develop real friendship and keep the sacred lamp of friendship burning all our life. 8) Water and Life （水与生活）
While we are enjoying the rich fruits of modern industrialization, we are losing something precious on this planet. Fresh water, among others, is dwindling down day by day, owing to the large-scale industrialization everywhere in the world.
Just as sunshine is a necessity to life, so is fresh water. Without fresh water, our human society would come to a stop.
As fresh water is such an important resource to the human society, we need to treasure it as we treasure our life, but how?
First, our government should have a good plan for the use of fresh water and develop industries that consume less water. Second, waste water must be recycled. Finally every one of us should do his bit to save water.
9) Bad Manners in Public （公共场所不礼貌） Although we consider ourselves as highly advanced beings living in a birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as civilized society, bad manners can still be found here and there. For likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. example, some cyclists run the red traffic lights, many passengers Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to litter waste papers and plastic bags in public places, and some develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, tourists scrabble in tourist attractions, let alone spit on the street. In Schwarz found. the cinema, some people talk loudly on cell phones in front of others. While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, I’m strongly against talking loudly in the cinema, for this behavior Schwarz says, even longer is better. (76) “Previous studies have shows no respect at all to others; what’s worse, it upsets the shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her audience who are in the mood of having fun. body.” Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and 告诉对方你要从大学毕业。 询问对方近况。3 问问能否在暑假聚会 continuing for a year, she says. Dear Mr. Liu, The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. I am writing this letter to tell you that I'm going to graduate from Mothers, who don't breastfeed, as they get older, may have more college next month. Three years! Isn't that a long time? I have been belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly hard working at my studies for three whole years. Now, I'm fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older,” she says. graduating! Howabout you? When will you finish your studies? The finding isn't surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She How is everything with you? Xiao Li said he saw you at the Shanghai often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during Auto Show? How is that show? I really miss you a lot. Could we pregnancy (怀孕)) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes meet sometime during the summer vacation? Come to my place. OK? and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Looking forward to your early reply! Gregory to add to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits Sincerely, of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby. Liu Min 1. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in 2010.11.06 the study. Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) B. Eleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is women who suffered from diabetes. followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of C. Over one fifths of the women never got married. them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should D. Eleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable. decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the 2. According to Schwarz's findings, who are more likely to get Answer Sheet. diabetes later in life? Passage 1 A. Those mothers who had never breastfed. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: B. Those mothers who never gave birth. Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce C. Those mothers who breastfed for a month. a woman's risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a D. Those mothers who breastfed for six months. new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in 3. Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with? other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her A. Breastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a to keep a good shape. journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked B. Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mother's chances of getting at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2,233 all kinds of serious disease. women f~om Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were C. Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers the better. who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old. D. Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter. According to Schwarz's study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) 4. What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a paragraph? month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given A. Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.
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B. Women who dream of having babiesfor the first time. C. Women who already have children.
D. Women who have just got babies for the first time.
5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? A. Breasffeeding May Enhance Babies' Chances of Survival B. Breasffeeding May Lower Moms' Diabetes Risk
C. Breasffeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near Future D. Breasffeeding May Help Women Lose Weight Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? (77) It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe fi:om the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they
called,“Lindow Man”. (78) His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods. 6. Which language does the word “archaeology”come from? A. French. B. Greek. C. Roman. D. German.
7. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to_______. A. letters B. photographs C. paintings D. objects
8. Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”? A. Ice and Iow temperature. B. Bacteria and oxygen. C. Soil and energy. D. Acid and water.
9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. “Lindow Man”was named after the person who first found him.
B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.
C. “Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.
D. “Lindow Man”was good at manual work. 10. Which is the best title for the passage? A. What Is Archaeology? B. Archaeology and History
C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery D. The Death of“Lindow Man” Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.
And yet, city life isn't easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (79) After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it's long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have
demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve
可编辑
brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important
milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
This research is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. (80) The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.
11. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? A. The city inspires talented people. B. The city hurts your brain.
C. The city has many pleasures and benefits. D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.
12. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.
A. citizen B. nature C. city D. stress
13. People have just come to realize that_______. A. human attention is a scarce resource B. city life can make people very tired C. the city is an engine of intellectual life
D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain
14. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly? A. Nature. B. Better treatment.
C. Experienced doctors. D. Good medicine.
15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.
B. Small changes in urban design, cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.
C. For the first time in history, the earth's population is more urban than rural.
D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
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