第11练 阅读理解 七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
OnNovember7
LewisPughcompletedaone-kilometerswiminthefreezingwatersofKingEdwardCove
，，
offSouthGeorgiainAntarctica.Hewaswearingonlyhisswimmingglasses，capandspeedos!
Pughisanadvocateforouroceansandseas
workingtoprotecttheseecosystemwiththeirlargediversityofmarine(life.Whenaskedwhyhedoesn’twearawetsuit
，
海
洋
的
，) ，
Lewissays
“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageousImustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”
IttookPughabout19minutestocompletetheone-kilometerswiminAntarcticawherethewateraveragedabout1.6degreesCelsius(
摄
氏，
度)．Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbeforeitstartsshuttingdown.Asheswimswhichinturncauseshismuscle(
，肌
hisbodytemperaturesteadilydrops肉
)
controltodrop
，，，
slowinghimdown.Whenheisdonewithhisswim
hissupportteamrusheshimtoahotshowerandittakesalmostanhourforhisbodytemperaturetoreturntonormal.
DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.Evenexpertswimmerswhoareunusedtofreezingwatercandrownwithinminutesbecauseofthephysicalshockexperiencedbythebody.Pughsayshetrainedforsixmonthsbeforethisswim.
ThisisnotthefirsttimethatLewishasswumindangerousconditions.In2007
，
heswamonekilometerintheNorthPoletodrawattentiontothemeltingArcticiceduetoclimatechange.In2015
，
heswamintheBayofWhalesinAntarctica’sRossSeaaspartofhissuccessfulcampaigntohelpsetupamarinereservethere.
1．WhydidLewisPughswimwithoutawetsuit? A．Toswimfaster. B．Toshowhisbravery. C．Tobuilduphisbody. D．Towinpublicattention.
2．What’sPugh’sadviceaboutswimminginfreezingwaters?
A．Onemustbefullyprepared. B．Oneshouldbeexpertatswimming. C．Oneshouldbereadytotakeonchallenges. D．Onemustbeusedtolong-distanceswimming. 3．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext? A．LewisPugh：SwimmingforaCause B．HowtoSurviveaSwiminColdWaters C．HowtoPrepareforExtremeSwimming D．LewisPugh：AchievingtheImpossible
B
PeopletypicallywashtheirhandsseveraltimesadayintheUnitedStatesbuttheydoitatafarhighertemperaturethanisnecessarytokillgerms
anewstudysays.Theenergywasteisequivalenttothefueluseofasmallcountry.
AmandaR
．
Carrico
，，，
aresearchassistantprofessorattheVanderbiltInstituteforEnergyandEnvironmentinTennessee
，
toldNationalGeographicthathandwashingisoften“acasewherepeopleactinwaysthattheythinkareintheirbestinterest
buttheyinfacthaveinaccuratebeliefsoroutdatedperceptions.”
Carricosaid
，
“It’scertainlytruethatheatkillsbacteria
，，
butifyouweregoingtousehotwatertokillthemitwouldhavetobeawaytoohotforyoutotolerate.”
Carricosaidthatafterareviewofthescientificliterature
，
herteamfound“noevidencethatusinghotwaterthatapersoncouldstandwouldhaveanybenefitinkillingbacteria.”Evenwaterascoldas40°F(4.4°C)
appearedtoreducebacteriaaswellashotterwater，ifhandswerescrubbed，rinsed(冲洗) anddriedproperly.
Usinghotwatertowashhandsisthereforeunnecessary
，
aswellaswasteful
，
Carricosaid，particularlywhenitcomestotheenvironment.Accordingtoherresearch，peopleusewarmorhotwater64percentofthetimewhentheywashtheirhands.Usingthatnumber，Carrico’steamcalculatedasignificantimpactontheplanet.
“Althoughthechoiceofwatertemperatureduringasinglehandwashmayappearunimportant，whenmultipliedbythenearly800billionhandwashesperformedbyAmericanseachyear，thispracticeresultsinmorethan6millionmetrictonsofCO2equivalentemissionsannually
，”shesaid.
TheresearcherspublishedtheirresultsintheJuly2013issueofInternationalJournalofConsumerStudies.Theyrecommendedwashingwithwaterthatisata“comfortable”tempera
ture，whichtheynotedmaybewarmerincoldmonthsandcoolerinhotones.
4．What’sthemeaningofwhatCarricotoldNationalGeographicinthesecondparagraph? A．Peoplearemoreconcernedabouttheirhealthandbegintowashtheirhands. B．It’simportantforpeopletowashtheirhandstokeephealthy.
C．Generally，people’shandwashingbehaviorsandperceptionsarenotcorrect. D．Peoplelikewashingtheirhandsverymuch.
5．Thefiguresinthesixthparagraphareusedtoshowthat. A．usinghotwatertowashhandshasabadinfluenceonourplanet B．airpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious C．usinghotwatertowashhandsisawasteofenergy
D．peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheenvironmentaroundus 6．Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof. A．factandopinion B．causeandeffect
C．definitionandclassification D．timeandevents
7．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A．It’snecessaryandusefulforpeopletowashtheirhandsfrequentlyeveryday. B．Wecanwashourhandswithwaterthatisata“comfortable”temperature. C．Usingcoldwatertowashhandsisnecessaryandmuchhealthier. D．Hotwatercan’tkillgerms.
C
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)
Shesatatthepicnictablealone.Recess(
休
息
)
wasinfullswing.Sheremainedawkwardaroundherclassmates.Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay
，
yetIcouldseehereyeslongingforacceptance.Manystudentshadalreadydecidedthatherfriendshipwouldnotbeworththeenergyrequiredtoovercometheawkwardness.Othersteasedher.Mostignoredher—exceptforone.
Brianna，theclassclown，wasmakingtheotherstudentslaugh，asusual.“Brianna，doyouseeMollydownthere
？
Wouldyoumindwalkingdownthereandinvitinghertocomeupherewiththerestofus？”
Briannasighed.Icouldtellshedidn’twanttosacrificepreciousminutesofherownrecesstodowhatIwasaskingofher
，
butIalsoknewherheart.Sheoftenthoughtofothersbeforeherself—ararecharacterforanyone，muchlessakid.
Knowingthischoicewashardforher
，
IpulledoutaD-buck
，
ourclasscurrency.Thoughbribery(行贿) wasnottheidealwaytohandlethissituation，Ineededhercooperation.
“Here，I’llpayyouforyourtime.”
Sheofferedaninsinceresmile，graspedthegreenpaper，andheadeddownthehill. Astherestofthechildrenscreamedandlaughed
myeyeslockedonBriannaasshenearedthepicnictable.MollycouldbedifficultandIwouldn’thavebeensurprisedifshesentBriannabackalone
refusingherinvitation.WhensheencouragedherselftoastandingpositionIsighedwithrelief.
Aminutelater，Ifeltataponmyshoulder.“Here，Mrs.D.”ShehandedmetheD-buck. “Why？”Iasked.
“Ishouldn’tkeepthis.”Hereyesfelltoherfeet
，，，，，
guiltradiatingfromherquietvoice.“Idon’twantMollytothinkIonlywenttogethersoIcouldearnabuck.She’smyfriend.”
Amomentlater，theywerealllaughingagain，andwhoshouldIseeamongthem，laughingforthefirsttimethatweek？Molly. 8．Accordingtotheauthor，whatwasMollylike? A．Sheignoredthejokesfromotherkids. B．Shefeltawkwardatbeingteased. C．Shedesiredtobeacceptedbyotherkids. D．Shehadnoenergytomakefriends.
9．HowdidtheauthorfeelasBriannawalkedtoMolly? A．Worried. C．Excited.
B．Satisfied. D．Confused.
10．WhatwasthepurposeofBrianna’sreturningtheD-bucktotheauthor? A．Toavoidlosingitoneday. B．TogetapurefriendshipwithMolly. C．Tobribeherteacher.
D．Toescapefrombeingscoldedbyherteacher. Ⅱ.七选五
Inaworldsurroundedbybadnews，itmayfeellikeanunhappyplacesometimes.11 Ifyoumakeevenonepersonsmiletoday
youcanhelpmakethisworldabetterplace.Hereisalistofideastohelpyou.
12InthisdayandagewhereeverythingissentviatheInternet
，，
it’sashocktoreceivealetterthroughthepost.Puttingpentopaperandwritingafewwordstoafriendcanbeaneasywaytomakeapositiveimpact.
Requiringsometimeandresearchtofindtheperfectproject
，
volunteeringisoneofthenicestthingsyoucando.Whetheryouvolunteeratyourlocalyouthgrouportakedogsfromsheltersforawalk
，
thesimplefactthatyouaregivingyourtimetohelpsomeoneelseisincredible.Therearesomanyopportunities.13
Tellsomeone“Iloveyou”．Itcanbeanyone.14Perhapsyoucantellafriendthatyouappreciatealltheyaretoyou
，
orremindyourmumthatit’sherbirthday.Sometimes
，
inourbusylivesweforgettotakeamomenttotellpeoplewhattheymeantous.
15Whetheryou’recreativeornot
，
takingtimetomakesomethingforsomeoneelseshowshowmuchyouappreciatethem.Evenifyouthinkyou’renotcreative
，
therecipientwillfeelluckytogetsuchauniquegiftthatyouputyourprecioustimeinto.Someideascouldincludeacard，painting，drawing，song，poemorcake! A．However，youcanmakeadifference. B．It’sasurprisetosendahandwrittenletter. C．Andyoudon’tevenhavetosay“Iloveyou”． D．Soyouaresuretofindonethatisrightforyou.
E．Anditdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetotakeupallyourlife. F．Makingsomethingforaspecialpersonisalwaysunique.
G．Evenapostcardwithacoupleofsentencescouldreallymakesomeone’sday.
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