电子垃圾污染防治

Abstract

A new scientific field must produce new problems and challenges, technology electronic products market is facing such a new legal issues to discuss. With the continuous progress of continuously development of economy and technology, the number of household electrical appliances and electronic products grow with each passing day, at the same time to human survival and development has brought a serious threat. Electronic waste handbring serious pollution to the environment, on the other hand also caused a serious waste of resources. But now in our country, the government and relevant departments to study some corresponding measures, has played an important role, but the laws and regulations are not perfect still not solve the e-waste pollution problems in China, electronic waste pollution prevention legislation in the current system still can not adapt to the newrequirements of environmental protection and resource conservation. The face of the current grim electronic waste production and pollution situation, our country government a the environmental protection departments actively coping measures, set out to makesome corresponding laws and regulations, although it is not complete, still can not solve the fundamental problem, but play an important role in dealing with the problem of electronic waste, the courage to try system and system research the new, open up a newway for the problem of electronic waste to deal with. This paper from the electronic wastelegislation, to investigate the current situation and problemsolegislationsystemofelectronic waste pollution prevention, analysis and draw lessons from foreign advancedsystem framework and system, put forward their own legislative proposals and improvement measures, so as to seek the best model for the legislative regulation of electronic waste pollution prevention, realize the recycling of resources, sustainable economic and social development.

This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter starts from the connotation of the legislative system of electronic waste pollution prevention, collecting related literatures at present electronic waste pollution prevention legislation in China, analyzes our country is facing a severe crisis of electronicwaste,electronic waste pollution prevention legislationshould establish a complete system of. The second chapter mainly embarks from the present situation of electronic waste pollution prevention and major existing problems, the current status of electronic waste in China was expounded from the Department of law,administrative regulations, rules and regulations, environmental standards, from the solid waste pollution prevention and control law of the earliest to latest electronic productsproduction management regulations of collection of fund legislation in our country has been abandoned, around the problems of recycling and pollution prevention of e-waste will continue to reform and improve, although every method has the problem and shortcomings, but in the electronic waste treatment and prevention of the time to play a certain role in

promoting. The third chapter uses comparative research method focuses on thesuccessfulpracticesof developed countries to USA, Japan, EU based and legislative idea, to learn from frame system, theoretical basis, regulation system, compulsory means.Finally, the fourth chapter expounds my prospect about the legal regulation of the electronic control waste pollution, and puts forward some suggestions from the legislative mode of transformation, the system of laws and regulations, the complete legalconsciousness and so on, for the purpose of electronic wastepollution prevention legislation toconstructtheir own modest contribution, electronic waste recycling processingand recycling do what little one can to help

Keywords: electronic waste, pollution prevention, product recovery management, extended producer responsibility

目录

一、电子垃圾污染防治立法体系的内涵............................................................. 1 二、电子垃圾污染防治立法体系的指导思想..................................................... 2

（一）循环经济理念...................................................................................... 2 （二）清洁生产理念...................................................................................... 4 （三）全程管理理念...................................................................................... 4 三、电子垃圾污染防治立法体系的基础原则：生产者延伸责任..................... 5

（一）生产者延伸责任的概述...................................................................... 5 （二）生产者延伸责任在电子垃圾污染治理中的表现.............................. 6 四、电子垃圾污染防治立法体系的功能............................................................. 8

（一）有利于减少环境污染.......................................................................... 8 （二）有利于资源再生利用.......................................................................... 8 （三）有利于建立循环型经济社会.............................................................. 8

第二章 我国电子垃圾污染防治立法的概况............................................................ 10

一 、我国电子垃圾污染防治立法的现状......................................................... 10 （一）法律及公约............................................................................................... 11 （二）行政法规................................................................................................... 12 （三）部门规章................................................................................................... 12 （四）环境标准................................................................................................... 13 二 、我国电子垃圾污染防治存在的问题......................................................... 14 （一）缺乏法律的刚性约束............................................................................... 14

（二）责任范围不具体................................................................................ 14 （三）相关制度不完善................................................................................ 15 （四）监管体制不健全................................................................................ 16

第三章 世界各国电子垃圾污染防治立法借鉴........................................................ 18

一、立法............................................................................................................... 18

（一）源头预防型........................................................................................ 18 （二）循环经济型........................................................................................ 19 二、 启示............................................................................................................. 22

（一）框架体系............................................................................................ 22 （二）理论基础............................................................................................ 22 （三）监理体制............................................................................................ 22 （四）强制手段............................................................................................ 22 第四章 我国电子垃圾污染防治立法规制和建议............................................. 23 一、电子垃圾污染防治立法的模式................................................................... 23 二、具体路径....................................................................................................... 23

（一）完善电子垃圾污染防治立法体系.................................................... 23 （二）明确政府的监管责任........................................................................ 24 （三）完善生产者责任延伸制度................................................................ 25 （四）借鉴强制标签和回收收费等相关制度................................................... 26 （五）制定相关电子垃圾处理的法律标准....................................................... 26 （六）加大环境违法成本和执法力度............................................................... 27 （七）电子垃圾环境社会责任的诉讼救济....................................................... 28

（八）加强对国外电子垃圾的法律规制........................................................... 28 三、环保法律意识的培养................................................................................... 28 参考文献............................................................................................................... 31 谢辞....................................................................................................................... 34