政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

A Study on Difficulties in Dispatching Guangdong Medical Team to African Countries from Perspective of Policy Implementation Analysis

作者姓名：

指导教师姓名 及学位、职称：

学科、专业名称：

论文提交日期：

论文答辩日期：

答辩委员会主席：

论文评阅人：

学位授予单位和日期：

公共管理学 2013年3月 2013年5月 政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

摘要

巩固同发展中国家的友好关系是中国外交工作的基础。援外医疗队是中国同其他发展中国家友好合作的重要组成部分。进入新世纪，全球化进程对卫生产生前所未有的影响。卫生与外交的互动作用凸显，中国援外医疗队在维护全球卫生安全中扮演更加重要的角色，为中国发展的重要战略机遇期营造有利的国际环境。然而，随着国际和国内形势发展，援外医疗队工作面临新的机遇和挑战。一方面是国际形势的变化对中国对外医疗援助提出了更高的要求；另一方面却是国内援外医疗队员派遣难的问题矛盾。

本文以广东省援外医疗队派遣为例，从政策执行视角分析援外医疗队派遣难问题。论文第一章首先讲述了援外医疗队为中国外交所作出的突出贡献，派遣援外医疗队有着现实意义，接着提出了文章的理论基础，即国内影响政策执行的阻碍因素和国外卫生政策三角形理论。第二章简要回顾了中国对外医疗援助的历史，在介绍广东援外总体情况时引出广东援外医疗队陷入了派遣难的困境。紧接着第三章从政策执行角度、以政策方案因素、政策执行环境因素、政策涉及群体因素和政策制定过程因素四个维度综合分析造成派遣难的原因。第四章从宏观和微观两个层面提出解决派遣难的对策思考，最后对援外医疗队今后的发展做了前瞻性展望。

关键词：政策执行；援外医疗政策；援外医疗队派遣；非洲

I

政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

Abstract

To consolidate friendly relationships with developing countries is the foundation of China’s diplomatic work. The Chinese Medical Team constitutes an important part in promoting friendly cooperation between China and less developed counties. As we move into the new era, the progress of globalization exerts an unprecedented influence on health, which interacts with diplomacy positively and obviously. Under such circumstance, the Chinese Medical Team, a significant part in safeguarding global health, has facilitated its nation to build a favorable international environment in vital strategic period. Nevertheless, while situations at home and abroad change, the Chinese Medical Team is both confronted with opportunities and challenges. On one hand, international situations set higher requirements to China foreign medical aid. On the other hand, difficulties in dispatching Chinese Medical Team emerge.

Take the Chinese Medical Team dispatched by Guangdong for example. This paper mainly elaborates on why most of doctors reject the medical team. At the beginning, the contributions to diplomacy made by Chinese Medical Team are presented, telling us the reason why dispatching Chinese Medical Team is essential. Factors affecting policy implementation and Health Theory Triangle introduced are the theory basis of the coming analysis. In chapter two, the author retrospects the history of China foreign medical aid and outlines the current situation of dispatching difficulties. Why is Chinese Medical Team faced with difficulties in low involvement? Chapter three gives the answers from the perspective of actors, content, context and process. Chapter four is the suggestions to the difficult dispatch from both macroscopic and microscopic views. In the final chapter, the author puts forward the potential prospect that Chinese Medical Team faces as an end.

Key Words: Policy Implementation, Foreign Medical Aid Policy, Chinese Medical Team

Dispatchment, Africa

II

政策执行视角下的广东省援外医疗队派遣难问题研究

目 录

摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 选题的背景及意义 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 文献综述 ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 研究的理论基础 ............................................................................................................... 7 1.4 研究方法 ........................................................................................................................... 9 1.5 研究思路与框架 ............................................................................................................. 10 2 三重困境下的广东省援外医疗队派遣现状 ........................................................................... 12

2.1 广东省援外医疗队概况 ................................................................................................. 12 2.2 广东省援外医疗队派遣难现状 ..................................................................................... 14 3 广东援外医疗队派遣难成因分析 ........................................................................................... 22

3.1 政策方案（Content）因素 ............................................................................................ 22 3.2 政策执行环境（Context）因素 .................................................................................... 32 3.3 政策涉及群体（Actors）因素 ...................................................................................... 37 3.4 政策制定过程（Process）因素 ..................................................................................... 39 4 缓解援外医疗队派遣难的对策思考 ....................................................................................... 41

4.1 宏观层面 ......................................................................................................................... 41 4.2 具体措施 ......................................................................................................................... 44 5 结束语 ....................................................................................................................................... 46

5.1 结论 ................................................................................................................................. 46 5.2 展望 ................................................................................................................................. 46 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................... 48 附录 ............................................................................................................................................... 51 致谢 ............................................................................................................................................... 54

III