《牧草栽培学》试题A卷参考答案

西北农林科技大学本科课程考试

参考答案与评分标准

考试课程：牧草栽培学（双语） 试卷类型：A?卷

专业年级：草业07级

学年学期：2008-2009-2 考试时间：2009-5-17

一、填空题（每空1分，共20分）?

1.?(1)taproot??(2)fibrous??(?3)awn????(4)glume????(5)spikelet?(stem)?(6)blade?

(7)ligule?

(8)sheath?

(9)rhizome??(10)?stolon?

2.?(9)，(4)，(8)，(2)，(5)，?

(3)，(10)，(1)，(7)，(6)?

二、单项选择题（每小题1分，共30分）?1.A?

2.C??3.B??4.B??5.D?

6.C??7.C???8.D?

9.C?

10.D?

11.C?12.A??13.B??14.A??15.C?21.D?22.B??23.C?24.D??25.B?

16.B??17.C??18.B???19.C???20.A?26.D??27.C??28.B???29.C???30.D?

三、简答题（每小题6分，共30分）?1.The?most?important?external?factors?include:?1)?moderate?temperature?(2’)?2)?good?soil?moisture?(2’)?3)?enough?oxygen?(2’)?

2.?It?refers?to?the?growth?and?development?velocity?trend?of?“slower(staring?period)-faster(fast?growth?period)-slower(near?the?end?of??growth)during?the?whole?course?of?plant?growth.?(3’)?

Application:mixture?planting(by?its?different?maximum?yieding?time)?choose?the?right?harvesting?stage(nutrition?value?and?yield)?(3’)?

3.?1)Provides?an?option?for?forages?to?adapt?to?different?conditions?such?as?drought?or?wet?

periods?or?grazing?pressure?2）increase?the?yield?(1’)?3)?better?quality?products?(1’)?

4)easier?for?harvesting?and?processing?(1’)?5)?better?seasonal?distribution?(1’)?

6)?benefit?from?each?other?of?grass?and?legume.??(1’)

第?1?页 共?2?页

(1’)?

4.?The?small?grain?or?a?small?grain-pea?mixture?is?often?used?with?spring?seedings?of?legumes?and?grasses?in?northern?latitudes?to?provide?quicker?ground?cover?,?help?reduce?wind?and?water?erosion,?and?deter?weed?invasion?during?forage?establishment.?(3’)?Usually?the?companion?crop?should?be?annual?plant,less?branches????(1’)?shade?tolerance???(1’)?(1’)?

Temperature?optima?is?19~?24℃,?(1’)?yearly?rainfall?of?900-1300mm(1’)?,?

grows?on?a?wide?range?of?soils?but?grows?better?on?clays?and?loams?than?on?sandy?soils(1’).?

soil?pH?5.5-7.0.?(1’)?

The?plant?has?some?tolerance?of?shade,?heat,?flooding,?and?drought.(1’)?四、论述题（每小题12分，共12分）?1.?Pasture?establishment?

(6’)?

short?growth?duration?and?uncompetitive.?(1’)?

5.?White?clover?grows?best?in?humid?areas?of?the?temperate?zones?during?cool,?moist?seasons.?

1）seedbed?preparation?2)the?right?variety?and?seed?treatment?prior?seeding.3)?seeding?at?proper?time?3)proper?seeding?rate?and?seeding?depth??4)weed?control??Proper?management?:?or?grazing?

五、英译汉（共8分）

秋眠性是苜蓿品种的一个主要特征，秋眠性强的品种由于秋季低温和日照变短会降低 生长，而非秋眠的品种冬季也有较强生长活力，因而适应于生长季节较长的地区。非 秋眠品种被认为在寒冷气候下会冻死，草地持久性较差，但会高产。(4’)?

在过去的几十年里关于苜蓿品种的改良多集中于抗病性、寒冷季节下越冬性的改善及 多叶性研究。抗病性很重要，因为它使得苜蓿在排水不良土壤和多雨年份也可以应用。?(2’)?

多叶苜蓿是指每一个叶片上有三个以上的小叶，这可以增加苜蓿的营养价值，因为叶 茎比会提高。?

(2’)(6’)?

1)?fertilizer??2)?drain?and?irrigation?in?time??3)?weed?and?pest?control?4)?proper?defoliation?

第?2?页 共?2?页?