倒装（INVERSION）导学案
2011-12-27
倒装的概念：英语中，有时为了语法结构的需要（如一些疑问句、感叹句及表祝愿的句子）
或是为了强调，将谓语全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装。
倒装句分为部分倒装和全部倒装。 一、完全倒装：—— 将谓语动词直接提到主语前 。
就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 1、当here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away等副词放在句首时, 句子需完全倒装:
①There goes the bell! 铃响了！②Here comes the bus.（汽车来了） ③__________________________________ . (孩子们冲了出去) 区别：他们冲了出去。____________________________________
注意: 这种情况的倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 常常是表示位置移动的词，像
go,come, rush等；主语如果是代词时不需倒装。
2、方位状语在句首, 如:
①_____________________________________________(房子前面停着一辆警车。) ②_____________________________________________(这个小镇坐落在海滨。) 3、There be 句型：除be外还可用live, happen, exist, remain, stand等动词。选词补填空： ①There _______ a table and three chairs in the room . ( be)
②Long , long ago there _________ a king who loved horses very much. ③There ___________ a large Greenland in front of the house.
④There ___________ a tall tree in front of our house.
二、部分倒装 ——：将情态动词、助动词、系动词提到主语前
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词， 如： never, not, little , few，seldom , hardly, scarcely, nowhere, not only…but also, neither…nor…, not until…,no sooner…than…, by no means, in no way, at no time , on no account , under no circumstances 等放在句首时。
①_______________________________ what others think.（他很少在乎他人的想法） ②_____________I reached the bus stop________the bus started.（我一到停车点车就出发了） ③No sooner _______________________________ a student __________ to visit her. （她刚一出去，就有个学生来拜访她。）
④___________________ everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship. (不仅他拥有的东西被夺走，而且连他的德国国籍也被剥夺)
⑤Nowhere in the world ________________________such a quiet and beautiful place. （世界上别的地方不可能有这么安静美丽的地方。）
⑥_________________________________________ the mother ______ the room . (直到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开了他的房间。)
⑦ ___________________________________ give up. (我决不会放弃) 注意：⑴当not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
⑵not only…but also 中只有not only 引起的句子倒装，but also 引起的句子不动。
2. so, neither, nor作部分倒装
把副词 so 放在句首，表示前面所说的情况，也适合于另一人或物。 肯定句用so,否定句用neither/nor, 用这些词表示\也\、\也不\的句子要部分倒装。句式如下：
So / Neither (Nor) + be ( have, 助动词或情态动词) + 主语。
① He likes rice very much. __________________. (我也是) ② I have never been there, and_____________________. (他也没有去过) ③ If you don’t go to the cinema, ____________________.(我也不去)
④ Lucy is a good student and works hard. _____________________________.(她姐姐也是) ⑤ ---He is a good boy. --- _______________________ . (的确如此)
⑥ She hoped that he would search the room carefully and _________________ .（他照做了） 3. only接状语（副词、介词短语、从句）在句首倒装的情况：
①只有在那时，他才意识到自己错了。________________________________________ ②只有通过努力学习，你才能实现自己的梦想。
__________________________________________________________________ ③只有当他严重生病，他才卧床休息。
________________________________________________________________________ 注：only 后接句子时，_______ 句倒装，______ 句不倒装。
only 后接名词、代词时不到装。如：Only doctors can save him.
4. 在so/such…that句型中, so/such置于句首时,要部分倒装
①______________________________ he didn’t dare to move.(他如此害怕以至于不敢动) ②___________________________________that people can hear them out in the street. (学生们阅读的声音如此响亮以至于人们在街上也能听到。)
③_________________________________ that everyone wants to take a photo with him. (他是个如此出名的人以至于大伙都想跟他合影。)
5. 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had,
should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： ①_________________(= If _________________),（如果他更年轻些）he would learn skating. ②_______________________(= If _________________) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods. (万一他们忘带地图，他们在树林里会迷路)
③___________________ it (=If _______________ it )(要是我知道), I wouldn’t have done it. 三、其他情况：
1. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语（形容词/ 现在分词/ 过去分词）+系动词+主语”。
(1)我们用“洋油”（foreign oil）的日子一去不复返了。
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)一些淘气的孩子藏在门后。_________________________________________________ 2. as“尽管” 引导的倒装句：将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。 ①__________________________(尽管他年轻), he knows a lot.
②__________________________(尽管他是个优秀学生) , he sometimes makes mistakes. ③_______________(尽管他努力工作), he couldn’t earn enough even to support himself. ④_______________________(尽管她可能尝试过), Carolina couldn’t get the door open. 3. 在一些表示祝愿的句子里。
①祝你成功。___________________________ / _____________________________. ②祝我们的友谊长存。______________________________________. 4. Such is life. Such are my hobbies. 之类的倒装
2005 — 2011高考题（倒装）
1. Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open. （2011全国卷I 22﹚ A. if B. when C. sine D. as
2. Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize 2011全国卷I 28﹚ 3. —Is everyone here?
—Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests! （2010江苏﹚ A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
4. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision （2011湖南卷32﹚ A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach
5. We laugh at jokes, but seldom about how they work. （2010四川﹚ A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we think
6. John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. （2010陕西﹚ A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
7. Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him. （2010江西﹚ A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun
8. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. （2010重庆﹚ A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie
9. For a moment nothing happened Then all shouting together. （2009福建﹚ A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come
10.The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ________, but students became more interested in the lessons. . （2009海南﹚
A saved was teachers’ energy B was teachers’ energy saved C teachers’ energy was saved D was saved teachers’ energy 11.So sudden ____ that the enemy had no time to escape. （2009山东﹚ A did the attack B the attack did C was the attack D the attack was
12. Little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. （2009陕西﹚ A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 13. Not until I came home last night ________ to bed. （2009四川﹚ A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went
14. Unsatisfied _________with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience. A. though was he B. though he was （2009重庆﹚ C. he was though D. was he though
15. It was announced that only when the fire was under control to return to their homes. （2008江西﹚ A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted
16. Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it. （2008陕西﹚ A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop
17. Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them. （2008重庆﹚ A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize
18. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.（2008辽宁﹚ A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I
19. you eat the correct foods be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏﹚ A.Only if;will you B.Only if;you will C.Unless;will you D.Unless;you will 20. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, .（2007全国Ⅱ﹚ A.he will either B.neither will he C.he neither will D.either he will 21.—How was the televised debate last night? （2007上海﹚ —Super!Rarely so much media attention.
A.a debate attracted B.did a debate attract C.a debate did attract D.attracted a debate 22. Little that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.（2007安徽﹚ A.he realized B.he didn’t realize C.didn’t he realize D.did he realize 23. that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.（2007陕西﹚ A.So successful her business was B.So successful was her business C.So her business was successful D.So was her successful business 24. , his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.（2007重庆﹚ A.Strange as might it sound B.As it might sound strange C.As strange it might sound D.Strange as it might sound 25. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom so lonely as now. （2007辽宁﹚ A.have I felt B.I had felt C.I have felt D.had I felt 26. – My room gets very cold at night . （2007江苏﹚ -- _________________.
A So is mine B So mine is C So does mine D So mine does 27. —Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No, no sooner than it happened.（2006天津﹚ A.had she gone B.she had gone C.has she gone D.she has gone
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