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likely to achieve high test scores in those subjects, new research suggests.
Researchers used one US data set (1,354 American children) and one UK data set (13,901 British children) to measure self-concept and standardized assessments of early and later academic achievement. Self-concept is how students perceive（感知）their abilities to succeed on academic tasks. The data involved youth aged 5 to 18.
The study considered children’s earlier achievement and their characteristics and backgrounds, including birth weight, race, gender, age, and their mother’s education.
The researchers found that children’s self-concept of their ability in math predicted later math achievement, while their self-concept of their ability in reading predicted later reading achievement.
The finding suggests that the links between self-concept of ability and later achievement are specific to areas; that is, there is a link from students’ self-concept about reading to reading achievement, and from students’ self-concept about math to math achievement.
“It is not unusual to see standardized measures of achievement predict achievement later in schooling, but it shows that there is more to understand.” says study coauthor Pamela Davis-Kean.
The research also showed that success was not limited to students who perform at the top levels.
“It involves in students with different levels of achievement in math and reading,” says Maria Ines Susperreguy, an assistant professor at Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, who led the study. “Even the lowest-performing students who had a more positive view of their math and reading abilities had higher levels of achievement in math and reading.”
Researchers say they don’t know what parents or students did to create these beliefs, but it’s an issue they will research further. 28. What can we know about the children in the study? A. They succeeded in maths. 5 to 18.
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B. Their ages ranged from
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C. They were from all over the world. well-performing children.
D. They were
29. What was considered when scientists did the research? A. Mother’s career. C. Children’s age.
B. Children’s weight. D. Family background.
30. What inspiration can we get from this text? A. Success lies in hard work. must to success.
C. Abilities can contribute to success. matters much in success.
31. What will the researchers probably study in the future? A. The effect of children’s beliefs. learning methods.
C. Children’s future achievements. children’s confidence.
D
Birds’ feathers are some of the most strikingly variable animal characteristics that can be observed by the eyes. The patterns that we see in birds’ feathers are made up of combinations of scales, bars, and spots.
We already know why birds have colored feathers. Generally, the color of feathers may protect a bird from being noticed by the enemy in the environment, or it can make a bird more appealing to potential mates by helping them to stand out. These aspects are well known. A greater mystery has been how the patterns are created.
Dr. Ismael Galván and his team studied the color of feathers to see what types of colors were present in birds’ complex feather patterns. The study shows they mainly consist of two types of colors: melanin（黑色素）, which produce a range of black, grey, brown, and orange color, and carotenoids（类胡萝卜色素）, which are used to create brighter colors.
Birds cannot produce carotenoids on their own. For feathers with bright colors, birds must consume food items that contain these paints, and the carotenoids circulate
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B. Intelligence is a
D. Positive view
B. Students’
D. Ways to develop
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through the blood and to the feather. Melanin, on the other hand, is produced by special cells in the birds’ bodies.
The team found that about 32% if the species studied have complex color patterns, with the vast majority of these complex patterns produced by melanin rather than carotenoids. If the birds were artists, they would use carotenoids as a broad brush to produce color patches, with melanin as a detail paint brush to produce more complex designs.
But a few birds are exceptions to this rule: Three bird families do have complex patterns without melanin.
32. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The environment.
D. The enemy.
B. The color.
C. The feather.
33. What will happen if birds can’t get enough carotenoids? A. They’ll gradually die out. bright.
C. They will get caught eventually. more easily.
34. What rule can we get from paragraph 5? A. All birds have complex color patterns. B. Birds are expert in painting colors. C. Melanin plays a greater part in bird colors. D. Carotenoids can bring 32% of the color patterns. 35. Which can be the best title for the text? A. How Do Birds Get Their Colors Birds
C. How Do Birds Tell Different Colors Feathers
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Pick the Perfect Family Tent
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B. Their color will be less
D. They’ll be discovered
B. Which Color Is Common to
D. Why Birds Have Colored
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People like camping. But to ensure everyone has a good time, choosing the right family tent is important. 36 Here's how to choose the perfect tent for your family.
First of all, consider the size of the camps. Generally speaking, four-and-six-person tents are popular with families. 37 But a couple of features（特点）can make all the difference. For families with small children, a tent with a single entrance is a better choice. This makes it easier to keep track of who’s coming and going. Of course, two doors can offer added more convenience.
Some tents require two full-grown adults to set them up. 38 Be sure to take into account the setup and breakdown needs of any model you’re considering. It may be necessary to go with a smaller model, or even two smaller tents, rather than one large tent for your family.
39 Or, if friends have a tent, see if you can borrow it for an overnight in your backyard. You’ll quickly discover what you like and don’t like.
As an alternative, many outdoor shops have rental departments. Do your research to determine what style and size you think would work best, and find out if you can rent that model or one that’s similar. Finally, if you are in a rush, ask if you can climb inside the tent at the store. 40 A. Getting in and out of the tent sounds basic. B. To save money, you can make one on your own. C. But you can turn to anyone for help when necessary.
D. It could be a problem if you’re the only adult when camping.
E. Take the tent you are considering out for a “test drive” before you buy. F. It’s your home away from home, and the place where you’ll sleep and relax. G. This will give you a chance to assess all the features up close and in person. 第三部分
英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My dad and I were enemies. And I was not the only one in the family that made
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him 41 . When he and mom argued, they would make the house a 42 place. They would 43 for hours over the stupidest things.
My brother and I would clearly get out of their 44 , trying to keep their yelling at a distance. Often we’d 45 up in the backyard with the cats which were afraid that dad might 46 them.
My mom was the 47 person, who was kind, and easily gave you 48 . It wasn’t that hard to side with her against dad. The 49 didn’t change until I was 18 and had a job. My dad was so much older than mom and had become weak 50 could still act up. I was so hating him that I planned for an 51 ! After one year, I told mom we were all, 52 , going to get free of dad. I got her to agree to 53 with us.
Nobody ever actually said to my dad, “You can’t 54 ,” but it was understood. He stayed behind, alone in the house. From that time on, he seemed to age 55 into a fearful and lonely old man.
Two weeks later, my dad was hit by a car. In the 56 , for the first time, I felt sad and guilty that he was badly hurt and in 57 . I had been so angry and so busy 58 everything for my mom, my brother and me but left out the person who needed 59 most. In fact, some people simply don’t know how to be their best selves. If nobody 60 to help them get free, there’s no way for them to change.
41. A. guilty 42. A. scary proper
43. A. discuss quarrel 44. A. topic interest 45. A. sit 46. A. kick
B. end
C. hit
D. wake
D. drive
D.
B. chance
C. way
D.
B. complain
C. listen
D.
B. sick B. funny
C. mad
D. careless
D.
C. pretty
B. follow
B. nicer
C. notice
47. A. cleverer
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C. uglier
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