异议，即使异议是错误的，也会增强我们自己的独立性。
（3）凝聚力。一个群体的凝聚力越强，对成员的影响力就越大。 (4 ) 地位。地位高的人往往有更大的影响力。
( 5) 公开的反应。在实验中，人们必须面对他人做反应时要比私下里回答问题会表现出更多的从众行为。
(6 ) 无事前承诺。个体一旦在公众面前做出承诺，就会坚持到底，最多，也就是在以后的情境中改变自己的判断。
6. The pros and cons of self serving bias? A: ·When you succeed, you can enhance your sense of honor and confidence in yourself, so that you can motivate yourself to keep going. ·Failure, to a certain extent, to maintain their dignity and interests, especially in the
case of other people do not know, it may be possible to restore their own situation. ·When success is made, the reason is more due to its own, it will exaggerate its value,
ignore the contribution and achievements of others, so as not to recognize the value of their own and others, may have the contradiction of human relations. ·After doing something wrong, self serving bias is attributed to external factors to
blame everyone and everything but not oneself. This is an escape from the wrong performance.
七、案例分析题(每题10分，共10分)
1.Tawna is nearing the end of her daily run. Her mind prods her to keep going ; her body begs her to walk the remaining six blokes. She compromises and dose a slow jog home . The next day conditions are identical ,except that two friends run with her. Tawna runs her route two minutes faster. She wonders,”Did one run better merely because Gail and Sonja went along? Would l always run better if in a group?”. Answer:
唤起能促进优势反应。有她人在场能引发唤起状态，所以，观察者或共事者在场，会提高简答任务（其优势反应是正确的）的作业或成绩。所以托娜能提早2分钟跑完了全程。（言之有理即可）
2.In the Netherlands, most high school students rate themselves as more honest, persistent, original, friendly, and reliable than the average high student.
Question:What principle of the social psychology this case reflects? Please point out and make a brief analysis. Answer:
反映了自我服务偏见 （分析略_(:з)∠）_）
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