水轮发电机空气间隙状态监测系统的
研究和应用
重庆大学工程硕士学位论文
学生姓名：吴洪飞
指导教师：熊 兰 教 授 专 业：电气工程 学科门类：工 学
重庆大学电气工程学院
二〇一三年九月
Research and Practical Application for Air
Gap On-line Monitoring System of
Hydro-Generator
A Thesis for Master of Engineering Dissertation
of Chongqing University
by Wu Hongfei
Supervised by Prof. Xiong Lan Specialty: Electrical Engineering
College of Electrical Engineering of Chongqing University,
Chongqing, China
Sem. 2013
重庆大学工程硕士论文
摘 要
随着水电事业的发展，水轮发电机组的容量和尺寸不断增大，其运行稳定性倍受关注，水轮发电机组的状态监测与诊断也成为当今世界普遍关注的研究课题。同时，为适应市场要求，发电企业对设备可靠性和检修质量及成本等方面提出了更高要求。虽然随着设计、制造、安装技术的进步和发展，设备的可靠性得到了进一步提高，但也增加了故障判断、检修的难度。因此，自然要求由原有“定期检修”的模式向基于设备状态监测和诊断分析的最优周期性检修模式（诊断检修，PDEM）转变。鉴于三峡电站在我国水电行业的特殊地位，有必要建设三峡电站的状态监测与故障诊断系统，为推行新的检修管理模式进行有益的尝试和探索。
本文正是针对这样的一个实际需要，结合三峡电站主设备状态监测与故障诊断系统项目，着重介绍三峡电站水轮发电机气隙监测分析系统的现状及应用，为探索由基于时间的计划维修策略即“定期检修”的模式，向基于设备状态监测和诊断分析的诊断检修模式(PDEM)逐步过渡提供设备和技术保障。
文章首先在机械设备状态监测及故障诊断发展历程的基础上，介绍了水轮发电机组定转子间气隙状监测及分析系统的意义、作用、任务和发展概况。其次对气隙传感器的工作原理、气隙监测技术中常用参数以及影响发电机定转子间气隙的因素进行了介绍。接着结合三峡电厂目前正在使用的水轮发电机气隙监测及故障诊断系统，讲述了该系统的组成和功能，探讨了该系统的采集、监测、分析和故障诊断方法，然后就电站的实际应用列举了例证。
最后，本文对三峡电厂状态监测系统的应用和不足进行了总结，并展望了水电厂状态监测系统的发展和应用前景。
关键词：状态监测 气隙 状态检修
重庆大学工程硕士论文
Abstract
With the variation of administration system, generating corporations’ requests compel maintenance quality, cost, period and device stability to operate at higher efficiency, meanwhile, the manufacture technologies of large capacity unit, which have been greatly improved, increases the difficulty of fault diagnosis and maintenance costs. Therefore, the plan diagnosis equipment maintenance (PDEM) pattern based on state monitoring and fault diagnosis is put forward, which is converted from traditional periodic maintenance pattern. The technologies which is integration of modern electronics technology, information technology and theory, automation control theory and computer technology provide technology support for state monitoring and fault diagnosis system.
As Three Gorges Hydro Plant(TGHP) is the biggest modern hydro-plant in the world, a state monitoring and fault diagnosis system should be established. According to these, this thesis discovers an approach to provide devices and technology support for transition from traditional periodic maintenance pattern based on schedule into PDEM pattern based on state monitoring and fault diagnosis.
Firstly ,the development of state monitoring and fault diagnosis on large capacity and hydro-units is reviewed, then it introduces the meaning, purpose, assignment and development of hydro-units gas monitoring system. The basic principle of gas transducer , the genal technical terms in gas mornitoring development and the affect of hydro-units gas are depicted. After that, the model of hydro-units gas monitoring and fault diagnosis system is established and analyzed. The characters and and functions such as approach of online-sample, monitoring, analysis and fault diagnosis are illustrated.Finally, pratical application of the hydro-unit gas mornitoring system in TGHP has been described in details.
The last chapter of this thesis summarizes disadvantages of the state monitoring system which has been applied in TGHP and predicts the prospects of its development and application in hydro-plant.
Keyword: State monitoring Air gap Condition maintenance
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