专题强化训练(五)
Ⅰ.语法填空
A
(2019·贵州市安顺高中期末)Beijing of China, which boasts epochal(划时代的) inventions in ancient times, has once again proved its ability 1. (change) the world with its “New Four Great Inventions”： high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. The new four great inventions are all related to China's high-tech innovation, 2. is dramatically improving the well-being(福祉) of all Chinese people.
Our wallets are no longer in use. We can buy and eat whatever we want 3. (simple) by tapping our cellphones, and even pancake sellers nowadays are using Alipay.
Shared bikes 4. (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing 5. (base) on satellite
navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other technologies. Shared bikes are bringing cycling back 6. people's lives and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient, and 7. (encourage) people to be more active. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating(创新) and no longer
copying western ideas. It is obviously clear that China is leading in many
ways such as social messaging app WeChat. This is partly 8. China skipped over the PC era-and went directly to mobile. China has the
largest mobile use in the world.
9． growing number of foreigners hope to promote economic 10. (develop) in their home countries by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.
语篇解读：本文介绍中国的新四大发明。越来越多的外国人希望通过强调对中国这样的技术成就的需求来促进本国的经济发展。
1．[解析] 考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，
ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”。故填to change。
[答案] to change
2．[解析] 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：新的四大发明都与中国的高科技创新有关，这极大地改善了中国人民的福祉。前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填which。
[答案] which
3．[解析] 考查副词。句意：我们可以买和吃任何我们想要的东西，可以通过点击我们的手机完成。副词修饰动词，故填simply。
[答案] simply
4．[解析] 考查反身代词。句意：共享自行车本身并不新鲜，但自行车共享的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等技术。结合句意此处是反身代词作同位语，故填themselves。
[答案] themselves
5．[解析] 考查固定搭配。句意：共享自行车本身并不新鲜，但自行车共享的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等技术。固定搭配：be based on“以……为基础”，句子是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语是单数第三人称，故填is based。
[答案] is based
6．[解析] 考查介词。句意：共享自行车正在把自行车带回到人们的生活中，它们使公共交通更有吸引力，并鼓励人们积极活跃。固定搭配：bring back to“带回到”，故填to。
[答案] to
7．[解析] 考查现在分词。句意：共享自行车正在把自行车带回到人们的生活中，它们使公共交通更有吸引力，并鼓励人们积极活
跃。此处是现在进行时态，故填encouraging。
[答案] encouraging
8．[解析] 考查表语从句。句意：这在一定程度上是因为中国跳过了个人电脑时代，直接进入了移动领域。此处应是because引导的表语从句，故填because。
[答案] because
9．[解析] 考查固定词组。句意：越来越多的外国人希望通过强调对中国这样的技术成就的需求来促进本国的经济发展。固定词组：a growing number of“越来越多的”，故填A。
[答案] A
10．[解析] 考查名词。此处economic“经济的”，是形容词，修饰名词，故填development。
[答案] development
B
(2019·四川省射洪县射洪中学高三开学考试)No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it 1. (happen) so long ago. However, according to a 2. (wide) accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter 3. all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other 4. (body). For several billion years after the “Big Bang”， the earth was still just 5. cloud of dust. What it
was to become was uncertain 6. between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth
became so 7. (violence) that it was not clear 8. the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time 9. (produce) carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere. What is even 10. (important) is that as the earth cooled down, water
began to appear on its surface.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。没有人确切地知道地球是如何产生的，根据宇宙大爆炸的理论，宇宙大爆炸之前地球不过是一片尘埃。后来尘埃形成了一个坚实的球状物，然后火和岩石爆炸，产生二氧化碳、氮、水蒸气和其他气体，构成了地球的大气层，随后随着地球的冷却，出现了水。
1．[解析] 考查动词的时态。根据so long ago得知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填happened。
[答案] happened
2．[解析] 考查副词。此处用副词作状语修饰动词accept。故填widely。
[答案] widely
3．[解析] 考查介词。此处表示四面八方用in all directions。故填in。
[答案] in
4．[解析] 考查名词。other修饰名词复数形式。故填bodies。 [答案] bodies
5．[解析] 考查冠词。此处表示一团灰尘，a cloud of dust。故填a。
[答案] a
6．[解析] 考查时间副词。句意：随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38亿至45亿年前这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。故填until。
[答案] until
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