人教版八年级英语下册知识点
李平擅长于打篮球。
Unit 1. what’s the matter? be good at = do well in 如: 一.重点短语归纳 I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 1. foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复> 我擅长于数学。 2. have a cold 感冒 3.be good to 对......好 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 Parents are always good to their children. 4. have a sore back背疼 父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 29.get good grades 取得好成绩 6. have a fever发烧 30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 生气,因为他让我等了好久。 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气 10.drink lots of water多喝水 31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to 11.lots of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot do sth . 做某事很重要。 a lot of=lots of,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,32.balanced diet平衡饮食 一般用在肯定句中。: 33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library. 34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good There is a lot of water on the ground health
a lot,是一个副词词组,跟动词连用;表示十分,很等35.He shouldn’t eat anything 意思; Thanks a lot. =He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 12. have a toothache牙疼 36.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建13. That’s a good idea好主意 议 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 advice 是不可数名词 15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 听从某人的建议 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事 He gave me some good advice. to do 是一件事情完成了,开始做另外一件事情 他向我提了一些很好的意见。
doing是原来的那件事情做到一半,现在又开始做了,49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时, get enough 是同一件事情。 sleep 得到充足的睡眠 17. two days ago两天前 50.take medicine 吃药 服药 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因19. I think so我认为是这样 为感冒,我不得不一天吃三次药。 20. be thirsty口渴 二 固定结构 21. be hungry 饥饿 It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 22. be stressed out紧张 做某事对某人来说是…的。 23. listen to music听音乐 It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 我来说是很重要的. 26. need to do sth 需要做某事 It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们要去看牙医. 来说是容易的 We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教三.重点句子 室的干净. 1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎27. too much + 不可数名词 太多的… 么啦? much too +形/副 实在太… 极其,非常 =What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you? too many + 可数名词复数 太多的… I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ,对什么有2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕好处 了. 你应该/不该… be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey be good to 对…好 / see a dentist / see a doctor . be good at =do well in 在……方面好,擅长 He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 不应当吃任何东西. 1.be good for 对......有益 3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况,不能Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早用good代替 操对你们的建康有益。 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 2.be good at 擅长于...... 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开 Li Ping is good at basketball. 始的?大约两天前
李平擅长于篮球。 5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 = Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 这里better是well的比较级 1
10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important 词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词to eat a balanced diet . 之间,也可放 有一个健康的生活方式很容易,饮食平衡是很重要的。 在短语动词后。 → It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do 2. 动词+介词 如:listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属sth . 做某事重要 于 四.知识结构 这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。 ○1.情态动词should的用法 3. 动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出,想出 should是情态动词,它的基本用法是必须和其他动词run out of 用完,耗尽 一起构成谓语。 4. 动词+名词(介词) 如:take part in参加 catch hold of 情态动词没有人称和数的变化,意为\应该......\。 抓住 should(应当,应该)用于所有人称,表示劝告或建1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如:cheer me up 议。 使我高兴 clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫 eg. You should wait a little more. 2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无你应该再多等一会儿。 家可归的男孩home n. 家 --- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语 ill adj. 生病--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下,多的 作表语 ,不能作定语 喝水。 5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献 volunteer ○2maybe与may be n. 志愿者 1.maybe是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出 “perhaps”。如: catch up with 赶上 追上
Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他7. put off doing 推迟做某事 put on 穿上 (指过程) 能回答那个问题。 put up 张贴 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可8. write down 写下 记下 9. call up 打电话 能也来自美国。 make a telephone call 打电话 2.may be中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是......”。10. set up 成立 建立 如: The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在 He may be from the USA, too. 他可能2000年成立的。 也来自美国。 11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情 She may be our English teacher. 她可能是况 常与of 连用 我们的英语老师 every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思○4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系: 不能与of 连用 1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意12. put …to use 把… 投入使用,利用
义,没有,几乎没有;a few表示有肯定意思, 有几 They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投个。 例如: 入使用
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) 他感觉寂寞。 study
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with 2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否English 定意思,没有,几乎没有。 help do 帮助做某事 help study a little 表示肯定意思,有一点儿。 例如: 14. plan to do 计划做某事 plan + 从句 There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to ink? Beijing. 我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗? 我计划去北京。 3 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才,动词为短暂性或15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting 瞬间性动词 Beijing. She didn’t leave until we came. 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。 He went shopping after he got up. spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on =He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up. English. ……until/till 直到··· (肯定句)动词为延续性动词 16. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如:join the Party We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock. 入党 take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如: take part Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks. in sports meeting 参加运动会 17. run out 与 run out of 一.知识点: 短语动词小结 ①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时常见短语动词结构有下面几种: 间,食物,金钱,油等,本 1.动词+副词 如:give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 身就含有被动意义。 熬夜 His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词, Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。 就必须放在动 ②run out of 主语为人,表示主动含义。 2
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。 两者在一定条件下可以互换
如:The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。
Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time
18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 be similar to 与..相像 take after 相像 look after 照顾 take care of 照顾 19. work out v. + adj. ①结局,结果为
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。
②算出,制订出,消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。
21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。
22. be able to do 能 会 be unable to do 不能 不会 23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如: thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我 24. for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。
25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。 26. hand out 分发 hand out bananas
give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分….给某人 give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to …. give away money to kids
give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱
give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事,解决难题(摆脱困境) I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题,请你帮我解决。 28. train n. 火车 train v. 训练 train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。
29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如: Do it at once. 马上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。 30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如:
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。 Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。 34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能 36. volunteer ①可数名词 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的
vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他们是中国 3 人民志愿军。
I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。 二.句子
1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from
now. 我们不能推迟制订计划,清洁日离现在只有两周了。
2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作,使这个爱好得到较好的利用 3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do.
帮助别人不但自己感到快乐,而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。
4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school.
这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。 5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。
8.We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。 9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who
don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车,并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 一.重要词组及短语
1. could you please do sth.? 你能……吗?/ 请你干……好吗? 2. do the chores 做杂务
3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清扫地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾 6. make one's bed 铺床
7. fold one's clothes 叠衣服 8. clean the living room 清扫客厅 9. stay out late 晚归
10. come over 过来 11. have a test 考试
12. get a ride 搭车
13. use one's computer 使用某人的电脑
14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事
15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服
17. wash the car 刷车
16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭
18. work on 从事,忙于 work at 学习、致力于、在……上下工夫
19. borrow some money 借一些钱
borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)
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