减速器箱体加工工艺及镗、铣夹具设计

学院

毕业设计（论文）

题目：二级展开式减速器箱体加工工艺及镗、铣夹具设计

系 别： 专 业： 学 生 姓 名： 起 迄 日 期: 设计(论文)地点: 指 导 教 师: 专业教研室负责人:

机械设计制造及其自动化

学 号：

日期: 2015 年 月 日

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摘 要

本文是在二级展开式减速器箱体的图样分析后进行二级展开式减速器箱体的机械加工工艺路线的设计，同时按照其中的加工工序的要求设计夹具。

二级展开式减速器箱体的主要加工内容是表面和孔。其加工路线长，加工时间多，加工成本高，零件的加工精度要求也高。按照机械加工工艺要求，遵循先面后孔的原则，并将孔与平面的加工明确划分成粗加工和精加工阶段以保证加工精度。基准选择以底面作为粗基准，以底面与两个工艺孔作为精基准，确定了其加工的工艺路线和加工中所需要的各种工艺参数。

在零件的夹具设计中，主要是根据零件加工工序要求，分析应限的自由度数，进而根据零件的表面特征选定定位元件，再分析所选定位元件能否限定应限自由度。确定了定位元件后还需要选择夹紧元件，最后就是确定专用夹具的结构形式。

关键词:二级展开式减速器箱体；加工工艺；工序；专用夹具

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Abstract

This is the case in the headstock pattern analysis cabinet after machining process route design, while manufacturing processes in accordance with one of the requirements of the design fixture.

The main spindle box casing surface and hole machining content. Processing route, processing time, higher processing costs, machining accuracy requirements are also higher. In accordance with the machining process requirements, and follow the principles of the first surface after hole, and the hole with a flat-screen processing is clearly divided into roughing and finishing stages to ensure accuracy. Reference selection to the bottom as a crude benchmark, the bottom two technical hole as a fine basis, determine the route of its processing technology and processing needs of the various process parameters.

In the parts fixture design, parts processing operations requirements, analysis should be limited to the number of degrees of freedom, and then selected according to the parts of the surface characteristics of the positioning element, and then analysis whether the selected positioning element should be limited degrees of freedom. Positioning element also need to choose the clamping element, the final step is to determine the structure of the special fixture.

Key words: Headstock; processing; process; special fixtures

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目 录

摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................................ II ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................................... III 目 录 ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 本课题的研究内容和意义 ................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 国内外的发展概况 ............................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 本课题应达到的要求 ......................................................................................................................... 6 2 二级展开式减速器箱体的图样分析 ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1 二级展开式减速器箱体的作用 ........................................................................................................ 7 2.2 二级展开式减速器箱体的图样分析 ................................................................................................ 8 2.3 工艺分析 ............................................................................................................................................ 9 3 工艺规程设计 ........................................................................................................................................... 11 3.1 确定毛坯的制造形式 ....................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 定位基准的选择 .............................................................................................................................. 12

3.2.1 粗基准的选择 ................................................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 精基准的选择 ................................................................................................................... 14 3.3 拟定工艺路线 .................................................................................................................................. 15

3.3.1 划分加工阶段 ................................................................................................................... 15 3.3.2 安排加工顺序 ................................................................................................................... 16 3.3.3 拟定加工工艺路线 ........................................................................................................... 17 3.4 机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定............................................................................... 18 3.5 切削用量及工时定额的确定 .......................................................................................................... 20 4 铣床夹具设计 .......................................................................................................................................... 31 4.1研究原始质料 .................................................................................................................................... 31 4.2定位基准的选择 ................................................................................................................................ 31 4.3切削力及夹紧力的计算 .................................................................................................................... 31 4.4定位误差的分析 ................................................................................................................................ 34

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