世界最新医学信息文摘 2019年第19卷第50期
1
·论著·
彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影对乳腺癌筛查的准确性分析
朱晓芬
(常熟市第五人民医院超声科,江苏 常熟)
摘要:目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影检测乳腺癌的准确性。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年1月在本院接受乳腺
影像学检查和活检的患者资料。以病理活检作为金标准,计算彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影检测乳腺癌的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、和准确性。结果 共有326例乳腺病变接受了活检,结果显示有74个乳腺癌和252个乳腺良性病变。彩色多普勒超声的敏感性为82%、特异性为84%、阳性预测值为60%、阴性预测值为94%、准确度为84%;乳腺钼靶X线摄影的敏感性为49%、特异性为89%、阳性预测值为3%、阴性预测值为88%、准确度为81%。共161个乳腺病变用两种方式检查,以确定彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影之间敏感性和特异性的差异。彩色多普勒超声的敏感性75%显著高于乳腺钼靶X线摄影的44%(P<0.05);乳腺钼靶X线摄影的特异性91%显著高于彩色多普勒超声的79%(P<0.05)。与乳腺钼靶X线摄影相比,50岁以下女性彩色多普勒超声的敏感性高50%,50岁及以上的女性高27%(P<0.05);致密型乳腺女性彩色多普勒超声的敏感性高40%,非致密型乳腺女性高27%(P<0.05)。结论 彩色多普勒超声的准确性高于乳腺钼靶X线摄影,且无论年龄组如何分布彩色多普勒超声都比乳腺钼靶X线摄影更敏感,但是乳腺钼靶X线摄影在50岁及以上的女性中更具特异性。无论乳腺密度如何,彩色多普勒超声更具敏感性而乳腺钼靶X线摄影更具特异性。本研究中检测出的乳腺癌中有20%在乳腺钼靶X线摄影中未被发现,仅在彩色多普勒超声检测出。
关键词:乳腺癌;彩色多普勒超声;乳腺钼靶X线摄影;准确性;敏感性;特异性
中图分类号:R737.9 文献标识码:A DOI: 10.19613/j.cnki.1671-3141.2019.50.001
本文引用格式:朱晓芬. 彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影对乳腺癌筛查的准确性分析[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘,2019,19(50):1-3.
Accuracy Analysis of Breast Cancer Screening by Color Doppler Ultrasound and Mammography
ZHU Xiao-fen
(Ultrasound Department, Changshu Fifth People’s Hospital, Changshu Jiangsu)
ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound and mammography in detecting breast cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent breast imaging and biopsy from January 2015 to January 2019 was
performed. The pathological biopsy was used as the gold standard to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound and mammography. Results A total of 326 breast lesions underwent biopsy and showed 74 breast cancers and 252 benign breast lesions. Color Doppler ultrasound has a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 84%, a positive predictive value of 60%, a negative predictive value of 94%, and an accuracy of 84%; mammography has a sensitivity of 49%. The specificity was 89%, the positive predictive value was 3%, the negative predictive value was 88%, and the accuracy was 81%.A total of 161 breast lesions were examined in two ways to determine the difference in sensitivity and specificity between color Doppler ultrasound and mammography. The sensitivity of color Doppler ultrasound was 75% higher than that of mammography (P<0.05); the specificity of mammography was 91% higher than that of color Doppler ultrasound. (P<0.05). Color Doppler ultrasound is 50% more sensitive than women with mammography, and 27% higher in women 50 years of age and older (P<0.05); dense color Doppler ultrasound in women with breast The sensitivity was 40% higher, and the non-compact breast female was 27% higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound is more accurate than mammography, and color Doppler ultrasound is more sensitive than mammography, regardless of age group, but mammography is 50. More specific among women aged one and older. Regardless of breast density, color Doppler ultrasound is more sensitive and mammography is more specific. Twenty percent of the breast cancers detected in this study were not found in mammography, and were only detected by color Doppler ultrasound.KEY WORDS: Breast cancer; Color Doppler ultrasound; Mammography; Accuracy; Sensitivity; Specificity
0 引言
乳腺钼靶X线摄影在早期乳腺癌筛查中的价值早已确立,有
[1]
研究表明乳腺钼靶X线检查可将乳腺癌的死亡率降低15~22%。但乳腺钼靶X线检查有其局限性,其假阴性率可高达35%[2]。乳腺钼靶X线漏诊乳腺癌的可能原因包括致密型乳腺的实质使病变模糊不清,X线摄影定位或照射技术不理想以及感知错误,对可疑病灶以及恶性肿瘤细微特征的错误解读。虽然大多数原因都可以通过对影像诊断医师适当的训练和长期的工作经验来克服,但对致密型乳腺实质诊断的问题增加了对乳腺超声等其他成像方法的需求以补充乳腺钼靶X线的不足。大多数的中国妇女在乳腺钼靶X线中都有致密的乳腺,这可能会提高错过病变发现的可能性。本研究采用彩色多普勒超声以进一步评估乳腺钼靶X线检查过的致密型乳腺,另外还使用彩色多普勒超声来评估①乳腺钼靶X线检测到的异常;②随访中有乳腺癌个人史但乳腺钼靶X线检查结果正常;③有乳腺癌家族史但乳腺钼靶X线筛查正常;④首次乳腺钼靶X线检查显示正常的乳腺;⑤35岁以下可触及肿块;⑥临床检查怀疑乳腺脓肿。本研究比较彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线摄影在乳腺成像中的准确性以及是否受患者年龄和乳腺密度的影响,还探究彩色多普勒超声是否检测到乳腺钼靶X线检查未检测出的乳腺癌。
在本院接受乳腺影像学检查和活检的患者资料, 根据对恶性肿瘤的可疑程度,彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线的结果以1~5标准分类:①无异常;②良性发现;③不确定发现;④可疑病变;⑤恶性病变。
1.2 方法与评价指标
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本研究经医院伦理委员会批准,因为是一项回顾性研究不需要患者知情同意。本研究回顾性分析2015年1月~2019年1月
1.2.1 彩色多普勒超声
使用飞利浦HD15彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对患者进行仰卧位检查,患者稍微转向对侧,同侧上肢向头侧伸展,这个姿势使乳房在胸壁上对称变平,在纵向、横向和径向平面上扫描乳腺。彩色多普勒超声的适应症包括:①在乳腺钼靶X线上检测到的结节;②乳腺钼靶X线检测出的致密型乳腺;③年龄小于35岁的患者有可触及肿块;④既往有乳腺癌病史患者但是有正常随访乳腺钼靶X线检查结果;⑤首次乳腺钼靶X线检查显示正常的乳腺;⑥临床检查怀疑乳腺脓肿。彩色多普勒超声评估的乳腺结节特征包括:边缘、内回声、后回声、深宽比和可压缩性。1.2.2 乳腺钼靶X线摄影
使用Planmed全数字乳腺钼靶X线机进行双侧乳腺钼靶摄片(轴位+内斜位)检查。乳腺钼靶X线摄影评估的乳腺结节的特征包括:形状、边缘、密度、是否钙化、结构变形、病变数量、病变部位和淋巴结。评估的微钙化特征包括:大小、数量、形状、边缘、密度和分布。
1.3 统计学分析
采用SPSS 21.0统计学软件分析数据,以病理活检结果作为金标准计算彩色多普勒超声与乳腺钼靶X线的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确性。将2类和3类分类归为良性,将
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