under pressure 在压力下；被迫 【运用提升】
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The man contributed so greatly to the university that the new library was named ____________ him.
2．Much to our ____________(relieve), our performance was fully appreciated by the audience, mostly college students.
3．He ____________(recommend) to study in Oxford University by the professor.
4．It’s not wise to put too much pressure ________ your child. [答案与解析]
1．after。考查短语。短语be named after...用……命名；该短语在句中做谓语部分。句意：这个人对这所大学做出如此巨大的贡献以至于新的图书馆以他的名字命名。
2．relief。句意：值得欣慰的是，主要是大学生的观众对我们的演出十分欣赏。to our relief令我们欣慰的是。
3．was recommended。考查被动语态。句意：两年前他被教授推荐到牛津大学学习。 4．on。put pressure on sb.对某人施加压力。
☆核心短语☆
1．因为 __due__ to Due to the heavy traffic，he was late. 由于交通繁忙，他迟到了。
短语会友
由于 __owing__ to 多亏 __thanks__ to 根据 __according__ to
2．测试，试用 __try__ out
They're trying out a new presenter for the show. 他们正在为这个节目试用一位新的主持人。 try out for 参加……选拔 try on 试穿
try for 试图获得，力争赢得
try one's best to do sth. 竭尽所能做某事
短语会友
发出，放出 __let__ out 找出 __find__ out
弄懂、理解 __figure__ out 弄清；辨认出 __make__ out 点清 __count__ out
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出版，出现 __come__ out 执行 __carry__ out
出版，使显出 __bring__ out
使完全，填满，充实 __fill__ out 趁热打铁
完成句子：
①The girl ____________ the red dress and decided to buy it. 女孩试穿了那条红色的裙子并买下了它。
②We should ____________ look after our parents，and make them happy in their later years. 我们应当尽力照顾好我们的父母，并使他们晚年幸福。 ③Many actors went to ____________ the leading role in the film. 很多男演员去参加这部电影主角的甄选。 [答案]
①tried on ②try our best to ③try out for
3．对(做)某事物有瘾 be __addicted__ to sth. / doing sth. Her son is addicted to playing computer games. 她儿子沉迷于玩电脑游戏。
短语会友
对……专心致志 be__devoted__ to 习惯于 be __used__ to
被判处 be __sentenced__ to 与……有关系 be __related__ to 与……相连接 be __joined__ to 与……连接 be __connected__ to 【运用提升】 Ⅰ.改错。
1．The activity was cancelled due for bad weather.
________________________________________________________________________ 2．Try in the new medicine for a year and we'll see how well it works.
________________________________________________________________________ [答案与解析]
1．for改成to。due to意思为“由于；归因于”。句意：这个活动由于天气不好而被取消了。
2．in改成out。句意：试验新药一年，我们就知道它的作用如何了。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。 thanks to；let out；carry out；be addicted to；
subscribe to；wear out
1．As the college entrance examination draws near, the hard-working boy was completely ____________ and needed a good rest.
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2．The construction plan will be ____________ next month.
3．Not many people ____________ the idea that money brings happiness. 4．____________ his help, we have this computer repaired.
5．All the students ____________ a loud laugh when the teacher told them an interesting joke.
6．Smokers are likely to ____________ nicotine(尼古丁)．
[答案与解析]
1．worn out。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：随着高考的临近，那个勤奋的男孩疲劳极了，需要好好休息一下。wear sb. out意为“使某人极度疲劳”，此处是其被动形式：sb. be worn out。
2．carried out 3.subscribe to 4.Thanks to 5.let out 6．be addicted to
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1．It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr.Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical.(P18，L12-13)
译：在1897年，一位称作Felix Hoffmann博士的欧洲药剂师从这种化学物质中生产出了阿司匹林。
[It is / was ＋ 被强调的部分 ＋ who / that]
此句是强调句型，强调句的基本构成：It is / was ＋ 被强调的部分 ＋ who(主要指人) / that ＋ 其余部分。
注意：这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语(包括时间、地点、方式、原因等)，但是不能强调谓语动词。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is...that / who...；原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was...that / who...。强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when、where或how，通常用that。
例句1：I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
→(强调主语)It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →(强调地点状语)It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon. →(强调时间状语)It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street. →(强调宾语)It was him that / who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon. 例句2：He didn't go to bed until his mother came back. →It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.
例句3：I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour. →It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.
(强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since，as，for，now that等。)
注意：强调句的疑问结构
一般疑问句：Is / Was it ＋被强调部分 ＋who / that...? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is / was ＋it ＋who / that...? 例句1：I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →When was it that you saw him in the street?
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→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon? →Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon? 例句2：I don't know when he will come back.
→I don't know when it is that he will come back.(强调句式的宾语从句为疑问词后＋陈述句语序)
例句3：—How was it that you got in touch with Mr.Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？
—Through a friend of mine.通过我的一个朋友。
趁热打铁
完成汉译英：
①你去年暑假是在北京旅游吗？
________________ in Beijing____________ you travelled last summer vacation? ②是什么使他那么生气？
________________________________ made him so angry? ③他问汤姆什么时候才能回来。
He asked ____________________________________ Tom came back. ④直到最后一刻他才后悔他的决定。
It was __________________ the last moment ____________ he regretted his decision. [答案]
①Was it；that ②What was it that ③when it was that ④not until；that 思考：a.如果要强调谓语动词，该怎么办呢？
________________________________________________________________________ [答案]
如果要强调句中的谓语动词，用do / does / did＋动词原形构成。 I do believe you.我确实相信你。
He did say that he was wrong.他确实说他错了。 b．下面两句如何强调谓语动词？
He has learned English for 4 years. They will go to the town.
________________________________________________________________________ [答案]
通过加副词强调。
He has already learned English for 4 years. They will surely go to the town.
2．Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(P18，L18-19)
译：阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。
[not only...but also...]
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